Physics Velocity and Motion Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the instantaneous velocity of the car at 12 seconds?

  • 50 m/s
  • 8.3 m/s
  • 21 m/s (correct)
  • 40 m/s

What mistake did the student make when calculating the velocity at 12 seconds?

  • Misread the graph at 12 seconds
  • Correctly identified displacement value
  • Applied the correct time value
  • Used average velocity instead of instantaneous (correct)

How should the velocity at 6 seconds be accurately calculated?

  • By substituting values directly from the graph
  • Using the slope of the tangent at that point (correct)
  • Calculating total distance covered
  • By averaging the velocities before and after

If the displacement of the car is 250 m at 12 seconds, what is the correct calculation for its instantaneous velocity?

<p>250 m/10 s (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What physical concept is represented by the gradient of the graph?

<p>Instantaneous velocity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At what time is the velocity measured as 8.3 m/s?

<p>6 seconds (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What could cause the calculated instantaneous velocities at the given times to differ from the average velocity?

<p>Changes in speed over time (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of drawing a tangent at a point on a curve in a velocity-time graph?

<p>To find instantaneous velocity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the final speed of the object after 20 seconds of free fall?

<p>200 m/s (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the rocket when the fuel runs out?

<p>It starts to descend under the influence of gravity. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum height reached by the rocket after the fuel runs out?

<p>2040 m (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the height measured in this context?

<p>From the bottom of the ball-bearing. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the electronic timer in the experiment?

<p>To stop when the current to the electromagnet is cut off. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of air resistance on the calculations in this scenario?

<p>It is neglected for simplicity. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What would the height be if the acceleration due to gravity were less than $9.8 ext{ m/s}^2$?

<p>It would decrease. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the time taken for the ball thrown horizontally from the cliff to reach the sea?

<p>2.02 s (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How far from the base of the cliff does the ball land horizontally?

<p>14.9 m (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the magnitude of the ball's velocity as it reaches the sea?

<p>15 ms-1 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At what angle does the ball strike the sea relative to the horizontal?

<p>7.6o below horizontal (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the time taken for the ball thrown at an angle of 45° to reach its highest point?

<p>3.2 s (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the horizontal distance covered by the ball when it is thrown at 28.2 ms-1 and reaches the tree?

<p>30 m (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the height of the tree that the ball just passes over?

<p>7 m (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What would be the effect on the time taken to reach the sea if the height of the cliff were doubled?

<p>It would increase by a factor of $√2$ (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the time it takes for a projectile to reach its highest point if the initial vertical velocity is 23 m/s?

<p>3.4 seconds (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula used to calculate the horizontal distance traveled by a projectile?

<p>s = ut (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true about the vertical motion of a projectile at its peak?

<p>The vertical velocity is zero. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

For a projectile launched at an angle, what is true about the vertical and horizontal components of motion?

<p>Horizontal motion is constant while vertical is affected by gravity. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the value of the vertical displacement achieved by the projectile when it reaches its peak?

<p>0 m (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a projectile is thrown horizontally from a height, which graph would best represent its vertical displacement over time?

<p>A parabolic curve opening downward (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Given a launch speed of 20 m/s at an angle of 10 degrees, what component of the initial velocity is responsible for vertical motion?

<p>20sin10° (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which equation relates the final velocity, initial velocity, acceleration, and displacement?

<p>v² = u² + 2as (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the time taken for the dart to fall 0.30 m?

<p>0.247 s (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the horizontal speed of the dart as it travels 3.0 m in 0.247 s?

<p>12.1 m/s (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which formula is used to determine the vertical velocity of the dart at the time of impact?

<p>$v = g t$ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the vertical velocity of the dart just before it hits the board?

<p>-2.42 m/s (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the resultant velocity of the dart calculated at the moment of impact?

<p>Using the identity $v_{resultant} = \sqrt{v_{horizontal}^2 + v_{vertical}^2}$ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the magnitude of the resultant velocity when the dart hits the board?

<p>12.34 m/s (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When launched horizontally, how does the vertical motion of a dart compare to its horizontal motion?

<p>Both motions are independent of each other (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If the question requests a velocity without specifying direction, what does it imply?

<p>Give only the magnitude of the resultant velocity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the time it takes for an object to hit the ground when it is dropped from a height of 1.8 meters?

<p>0.61 seconds (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a ball is thrown horizontally with a speed of 850 ms$^{-1}$, how far will it travel in 0.606 seconds?

<p>580 meters (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the acceleration due to gravity acting on an object in free fall?

<p>9.8 ms$^{-2}$ downward (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When an object is launched at an angle to the horizontal, which component does NOT affect its horizontal motion?

<p>Vertical acceleration (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of horizontal motion when an object is thrown without any air resistance?

<p>It travels in a straight line indefinitely (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which equation is used to describe the vertical motion of an object in free fall?

<p>s = -4.9t^2 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the total speed of an object thrown upwards from a cliff when it reaches its peak?

<p>It is zero (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the horizontal distance of a projectile affected when the launch angle is increased?

<p>It increases until the optimal angle is reached (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Instantaneous Velocity

Velocity at a specific point in time.

Gradient of a graph

The slope of a graph; used to determine the rate of change or velocity.

Velocity Calculation from graph

Velocity is calculated as the gradient (slope) of the displacement-time graph.

Tangent to a curve

A line that touches a curve at a single point, used to find the instantaneous rate of change at that point.

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Displacement-Time Graph

A graph showing the change in displacement over time.

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Velocity-Time Graph

A graph showing how velocity changes over time.

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Calculating instantaneous velocity

Find instantaneous velocity by drawing a tangent to the displacement-time curve at the desired time and calculating its gradient(slope).

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Calculating average velocity

Calculate average velocity by dividing total displacement by total time

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Projectile vertical velocity at highest point

The vertical velocity of a projectile is zero at its highest point.

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Projectile vertical motion calculations

Use the equation s = ut + ½at² with downwards as the negative direction.

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Time to reach highest point

Calculate the time it takes for a projectile to reach its highest point by setting the final vertical velocity to zero in the equation.

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Projectile horizontal distance

Calculate horizontal distance using s = ut.

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Projectile vertical displacement

Calculate the vertical displacement using the equation v² = u² + 2as, where v=final velocity, u= initial velocity, and s=vertical displacement.

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Projectile horizontal velocity

Projectile horizontal velocity remains constant throughout its flight (assuming no air resistance).

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Projectile time of flight

The time it takes for a projectile to complete its trajectory.

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Projectile horizontal displacement calculation

Find horizontal displacement by multiplying the horizontal velocity (constant) and the time of flight.

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Horizontally Launched Projectile

An object thrown with an initial horizontal velocity and then subject to gravity.

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What determines the time of a projectile's flight?

The time a projectile takes to reach the ground is determined solely by its initial vertical velocity and the acceleration due to gravity.

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Horizontal Velocity (of a projectile)

The horizontal velocity of a projectile remains constant throughout its flight, neglecting air resistance.

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Vertical Velocity (of a projectile)

The vertical velocity of a projectile changes due to the constant acceleration of gravity.

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Initial Vertical Velocity (of a projectile)

The initial vertical velocity of a horizontally launched projectile is zero.

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Projectile's Trajectory

The path a projectile takes through the air, usually a parabolic curve.

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How to find final velocity (of a projectile)

To find the final velocity of a projectile, you need to calculate the components of its horizontal and vertical velocities at the point of impact and combine them using vector addition.

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What is the angle of impact (of projectile)

The angle at which a projectile hits the ground. It is determined by the ratio of the horizontal and vertical components of its velocity.

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What is the equation for calculating velocity?

The equation to calculate velocity is v = u + at, where v is final velocity, u is initial velocity, a is acceleration, and t is time.

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What is the equation for calculating displacement?

The equation to calculate displacement is s = ut + ½at², where s is displacement, u is initial velocity, a is acceleration, and t is time.

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What does the symbol 'u' represent in motion equations?

'u' represents the initial velocity of an object, meaning the velocity at the start of its motion.

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Horizontal Motion and Time

Objects launched horizontally or dropped from the same height will hit the ground at the same time. Their vertical component of velocity is the same at all times.

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What does the symbol 'a' represent in motion equations?

'a' represents the acceleration of an object, meaning the rate at which its velocity changes over time.

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What does the symbol 't' represent in motion equations?

't' represents the time taken for an object's motion, meaning the duration of the movement.

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Projectile Velocity Calculation

To find the speed of a projectile, use the Pythagorean theorem with its horizontal and vertical velocity components.

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What does the symbol 's' represent in motion equations?

's' represents the displacement of an object, meaning the change in its position from its starting point.

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What is the equation for calculating final velocity when the object comes to a stop?

When an object comes to a stop, its final velocity (v) is 0. We can use the equation v² = u² + 2as to calculate the initial velocity (u) or displacement (s).

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Projectile Vertical Motion Equation

Use the equation s = ut + ½at² to calculate vertical displacement, where 's' is displacement, 'u' is initial velocity, 't' is time and 'a' is acceleration due to gravity (g).

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How do you calculate the height reached by an object when it moves under gravity?

You use the equation v² = u² + 2as, where v is final velocity (0 when it reaches its highest point), u is initial velocity, a is acceleration due to gravity (-9.8 m/s²), and 's' is the displacement (height).

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Resultant Velocity

The resultant velocity includes both magnitude (speed) and direction (angle).

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Projectile Motion

The movement of an object launched into the air, affected by gravity.

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Horizontal Velocity

The constant speed of a projectile in the horizontal direction, unaffected by gravity.

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Vertical Velocity

The speed of a projectile in the vertical direction, affected by gravity.

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Time to Hit the Ground

The time it takes for a projectile to reach the ground after being launched.

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Horizontal Distance

The total distance a projectile travels horizontally before hitting the ground.

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Launch Angle

The angle at which a projectile is launched relative to the horizontal.

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Initial Velocity

The starting speed and direction of a projectile.

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