Physics Quiz: Forces, Chemical Changes, and Graphs
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of the gas phase?

  • No definite shape and no definite volume (correct)
  • Definite shape but no definite volume
  • Definite shape and definite volume
  • No definite shape but definite volume

    • How many atoms of hydrogen are present in 1 mole of (NH4)2HPO4?

  • 8 (correct)
  • 7
  • 5
  • 9

    • Which diagrams represent mixtures of diatomic elements?

  • A and B
  • A and C
  • B and C
  • B and D (correct)

    • What happens to the power developed by a person as the time required to run up a flight of stairs increases?

    <p>It decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which object has the greatest momentum?

    <p>A 20-kg object moving at 20 m/sec</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of solution is formed when 100 grams of a nitrate salt is dissolved in 100 grams of water at 50°C?

    <p>Supersaturated solution of NaNO3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following are examples of physical properties?

    <p>Hardness, elasticity, and luster</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many grams of NaNO3 would have to be added to 100 grams of water at 45°C to make a saturated solution?

    <p>120</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct order of a diatomic element, a monatomic element, and a compound?

    <p>O2, C, CO2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the arrangement principle of elements in the Periodic Table of the Elements?

    <p>Atomic number</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of a compound?

    <p>A chemical combination of elements in a fixed proportion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the total energy in a system when potential energy is converted to kinetic energy?

    <p>It remains the same</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of graph could represent the uniform cooling of a substance?

    <p>A graph with multiple phases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which particle would have the greatest kinetic energy?

    <p>A 2 gram particle moving at 100 m/s</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement compares the masses of two subatomic particles?

    <p>The mass of a proton is greater than the mass of an electron</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of the nucleus of an atom?

    <p>It contains most of the atom's mass</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a requirement for work to be done?

    <p>Force must be applied and distance must be traveled</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What acceleration will a 10 kg mass experience when a force of 50 N acts on it?

    <p>5 m/s²</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the density of the mineral shown in the graph?

    <p>6.0 g/cm³</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What two properties of the coin explain its fall when the cardboard is removed?

    <p>weight and inertia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the volume of a gas at constant temperature when its pressure is decreased from 150 kPa to 100 kPa?

    <p>It increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of increasing the mass of a body on its gravitational force of attraction on the Earth?

    <p>It increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the boiling point of the substance shown in the table?

    <p>100°C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What property remains the same for all pieces of the cut wood?

    <p>Density</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the gram formula mass of Al(ClO₃)₃·6H₂O?

    <p>304 g</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of a homogeneous mixture?

    <p>Its components are in the same phase.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What will be the order of the liquids in the glass cylinder after settling?

    <p>D, B, C, A</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the distance traveled by an object that moves with an average speed of 6.0 meters per second for 8.0 seconds?

    <p>48 m</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct order of units from smallest to largest?

    <p>milligram, gram, kilogram</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which is an example of a chemical change?

    <p>a nail rusting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the boiling temperature of the unknown substance?

    <p>70°C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the pressure of a gas when its temperature increases at a constant volume?

    <p>It increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the characteristics of a physical change?

    <p>reversible, low energy needed and no new substances formed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following graphs represents the relationship between the volume of the gas and the pressure of the gas?

    <p>Graph B</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the molarity of a NaOH solution containing 0.20 mole of NaOH in 0.500 L of water?

    <p>0.20 M</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following represents a compound?

    <p>HF</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the pressure of a gas when it is cooled in a sealed, rigid container?

    <p>It decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the density of a cube with a mass of 3.60 g and a volume of 1.8 cm³?

    <p>6.48 g/cm³</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the distribution of charge in an atom?

    <p>A neutral nucleus is surrounded by one or more negatively charged electrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the kelvin temperature equivalent to 56°C?

    <p>217 K</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common property of all liquids?

    <p>Liquids have a definite volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the power developed if 20 joules of work is done in 4.0 seconds?

    <p>5.0 watts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of mixture is NaCl(aq)?

    <p>A solution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs when a rock falls off a cliff?

    <p>Potential energy is converted to kinetic energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the average speed of a cart moving uniformly as shown in the distance versus time graph?

    <p>2 m/s</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the molarity of a solution that contains 20 grams of CaBr2 in 0.50 liters of solution?

    <p>0.50 M</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the total length of time that the solid phase existed with the liquid phase?

    <p>8 min</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be used to separate a mixture of alcohol and water?

    <p>Different boiling points</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the resulting mixture called when a teaspoonful of sugar is added to water in a beaker?

    <p>A solution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Forces and Motion

    • A force must be applied, cause the object to move, and the force and distance must be in the same direction for work to be done.
    • A push or pull on an object is the definition of a force.
    • The graph showing the relationship between pressure and temperature for a gas at constant volume is a straight line.

    Energy

    • The basic form of energy present in a lightning bolt is electrical.

    Graphs and Data Analysis

    • A graph showing the relationship between distance and time for an object moving in a straight line can be used to determine if the object is motionless, moving at a constant speed, decelerating, or accelerating.
    • A graph showing the relationship between mass and volume of a mineral can be used to determine the density of the mineral.

    Chemistry

    • The total number of atoms in CuSO4·5H2O is 21.
    • Substances that cannot be broken down by chemical change are C and CuO.
    • The gram formula mass of Al(ClO3)3·6H2O is 384g.

    Thermodynamics

    • As the pressure of a gas increases at constant temperature, the volume of the gas decreases.
    • As the mass of a body increases, its gravitational force of attraction on the Earth increases.

    Physics

    • The acceleration of an object can be calculated by dividing the change in velocity by the time over which the acceleration occurs.
    • Work is done on an object when a force is applied to it and the object moves in the direction of the force.
    • The power developed by an object is the rate at which work is done.

    Stoichiometry

    • The number of moles of C6H12O6(s) needed to produce 24 moles of carbon dioxide is 4.0 moles.
    • The gram formula mass of NH4NO3 is 80.0 grams/mole.

    Atomic Structure

    • The atomic number of an element is the number of protons in an atom of that element.
    • The electron configuration of an atom can be used to determine the number of protons in the atom.

    Mixtures and Separation

    • A mixture of salt and water can be separated by evaporation.
    • A mixture of sand and salt can be separated by filtration.

    Physical Properties

    • Physical properties of a substance include hardness, elasticity, luster, combustibility, toxicity, and buoyancy.
    • The boiling point of a substance is a physical property.

    Gas Laws

    • As the pressure on a sample of a gas increases at constant temperature, the volume of the gas decreases.
    • As the temperature of a sample of a gas increases at constant volume, the pressure of the gas increases.

    Force and Acceleration

    • When a force of 50 newtons acts on a mass of 10 kilograms, the resulting acceleration is 5 m/s².

    Density of a Mineral

    • The density of a mineral can be determined from a graph of mass vs. volume.
    • The density of the mineral is the slope of the line on the graph.

    Properties of a Coin

    • The weight and inertia of a copper coin are the two properties that explain its fall when the cardboard it is placed on is rapidly removed.

    Pressure and Volume of a Gas

    • When the pressure of a gas is changed from 150 kPa to 100 kPa at constant temperature, the volume of the gas increases.
    • As the pressure on a sample of a gas increases at constant temperature, the volume of the gas decreases.

    Gravity and Mass

    • As the mass of a body increases, its gravitational force of attraction on the Earth increases.

    Phase Changes

    • The boiling point of a substance can be determined from a graph of temperature vs. time.

    Properties of Wood

    • The density of a large piece of wood is the same for all smaller pieces cut from it.

    Gram Formula Mass

    • The gram formula mass of Al(ClO₃)₃·6H₂O is 384 g.

    Percent Composition by Mass

    • The percent composition by mass of nitrogen in NH₄NO₃ is 35.0%.

    Periodic Table

    • Elements on the Periodic Table of the Elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number.

    Compounds

    • A compound consists of two or more different elements that are chemically combined in a fixed proportion.

    Energy Conversion

    • When potential energy is converted to kinetic energy, the total amount of energy in the system remains the same.

    Cooling of a Substance

    • A graph can represent the uniform cooling of a substance, starting with the gaseous phase and ending with the solid phase.

    Kinetic Energy

    • The kinetic energy of a particle depends on its mass and velocity.

    Subatomic Particles

    • The mass of an electron is less than the mass of a proton or neutron.

    Nucleus of an Atom

    • The nucleus of an atom contains most of the mass of the atom and has a positive charge.

    Reactive Metal

    • A reactive metal can have an atomic number of 5 (boron) or 19 (potassium).

    Work and Energy

    • Work is done when there is a force applied to an object, and it moves in the direction of the force.

    Matter and Energy

    • Matter can be changed from one form to another, but it cannot be created or destroyed.
    • Energy can be converted from one form to another, but it cannot be created or destroyed.

    Gases

    • The pressure of a gas increases when the temperature of the gas increases at constant volume.
    • The molarity of a NaOH solution can be calculated from the number of moles of NaOH and the volume of the solution.

    Compounds and Elements

    • A compound has a formula, such as HF.

    Pressure and Volume of a Gas

    • When a sample of gas is cooled in a sealed, rigid container, the pressure the gas exerts on the walls of the container decreases.

    Density of a Cube

    • The density of a cube can be calculated from its mass and volume.

    Atom Structure

    • An atom has a neutral nucleus surrounded by one or more negatively charged electrons.

    Temperature Scales

    • The Celsius temperature scale is defined such that 0°C is the freezing point of water and 100°C is the boiling point of water.
    • The Kelvin temperature scale is defined such that 0 K is absolute zero and 273 K is the freezing point of water.

    Liquids

    • Liquids have a definite volume, but not a definite shape.

    Density of Liquids

    • The density of a liquid can be determined by comparing its mass to its volume.

    Distance and Speed

    • The distance traveled by an object can be calculated from its average speed and time.

    Units of Measurement

    • Units of measurement can be converted from one to another, such as from milligrams to grams to kilograms.

    Chemical Change

    • A chemical change, such as rusting, involves the transformation of one substance into another.

    Physical Change

    • A physical change, such as boiling, involves a change in the state of a substance, but not its composition.

    Noble Gases

    • Krypton (Kr) is a noble gas.

    Work and Power

    • The power developed by an object can be calculated from the work done and the time it takes to do the work.

    Homogeneous Mixtures

    • A homogeneous mixture, such as a solution, has a uniform composition throughout.

    Physical Changes

    • Melting and boiling are endothermic physical changes, while condensation and deposition are exothermic physical changes.

    Distillation

    • Distillation is a method of separating liquids based on their boiling points.

    Solutions

    • A solution is a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances, such as sugar and water.

    Graphs of Motion

    • A graph of distance versus time can be used to determine the average speed of an object.

    Energy Conversion

    • The energy change that occurs when a rock falls off a cliff is a conversion from potential energy to kinetic energy.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge of physics concepts, including forces, chemical changes, and graphs. Covers topics such as force application, chemical reactions, and pressure-temperature relationships.

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