Podcast
Questions and Answers
What distinguishes speed from velocity?
What distinguishes speed from velocity?
- Speed includes direction, whereas velocity does not.
- Speed can change without affecting velocity.
- Speed is a vector quantity, while velocity is a scalar quantity.
- Speed is a scalar quantity, while velocity is a vector quantity. (correct)
Which of the following equations of motion relates the five quantities together?
Which of the following equations of motion relates the five quantities together?
- $v = u + at$
- $s = ut + \frac{1}{2}at^2$
- $v^2 = u^2 + 2as$
- All of the above (correct)
When a question states 'from rest', what does it imply about the initial velocity?
When a question states 'from rest', what does it imply about the initial velocity?
- Initial velocity u is equal to final velocity v.
- Initial velocity u = 1 m/s.
- Initial velocity u is unknown.
- Initial velocity u = 0 m/s. (correct)
If an object takes 4 seconds to reach the highest point when lifted vertically, how long will it take to fall back to Earth?
If an object takes 4 seconds to reach the highest point when lifted vertically, how long will it take to fall back to Earth?
What must be true about vectors in a physics problem to ensure proper calculation?
What must be true about vectors in a physics problem to ensure proper calculation?
What is the unit for acceleration?
What is the unit for acceleration?
How is acceleration calculated?
How is acceleration calculated?
What is the area under the line in a velocity-time graph indicative of?
What is the area under the line in a velocity-time graph indicative of?
What is the area of the light-blue triangle in the graph if its width is 4 seconds and height is 8 m/s?
What is the area of the light-blue triangle in the graph if its width is 4 seconds and height is 8 m/s?
Which of the following is a vector quantity?
Which of the following is a vector quantity?
Under what circumstances does a vector quantity change?
Under what circumstances does a vector quantity change?
What is the total distance travelled if the area of the light-blue triangle is 16 m and the area of the dark-blue rectangle is 48 m?
What is the total distance travelled if the area of the light-blue triangle is 16 m and the area of the dark-blue rectangle is 48 m?
Which of the following is NOT a scalar quantity?
Which of the following is NOT a scalar quantity?
What does a horizontal line on a distance-time graph indicate?
What does a horizontal line on a distance-time graph indicate?
How can you determine the speed of an object from a distance-time graph?
How can you determine the speed of an object from a distance-time graph?
What does a line with a steeper slope on a distance-time graph indicate compared to a line with a shallower slope?
What does a line with a steeper slope on a distance-time graph indicate compared to a line with a shallower slope?
What is the correct definition of velocity as opposed to speed?
What is the correct definition of velocity as opposed to speed?
What does a downward sloping line on a velocity-time graph represent?
What does a downward sloping line on a velocity-time graph represent?
Which of the following best describes a velocity-time graph for an object moving with constant velocity?
Which of the following best describes a velocity-time graph for an object moving with constant velocity?
How is acceleration calculated according to the relationship between velocity and time?
How is acceleration calculated according to the relationship between velocity and time?
In a velocity-time graph, what does a straight line with a positive slope represent?
In a velocity-time graph, what does a straight line with a positive slope represent?
Flashcards
Distance-time graph
Distance-time graph
A graph showing how far an object travels over time.
Stationary object (graph)
Stationary object (graph)
Object not moving; horizontal line on distance-time graph.
Constant speed (graph)
Constant speed (graph)
Object moving at a steady speed in a straight line; straight sloped line on distance-time graph.
Velocity
Velocity
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Velocity-time graph
Velocity-time graph
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Constant velocity (graph)
Constant velocity (graph)
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Acceleration
Acceleration
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Deceleration
Deceleration
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Scalar vs. Vector
Scalar vs. Vector
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Speed vs. Velocity
Speed vs. Velocity
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Geostationary Satellite
Geostationary Satellite
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Equations of Motion
Equations of Motion
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Acceleration due to Gravity
Acceleration due to Gravity
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Acceleration Calculation
Acceleration Calculation
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Acceleration Units
Acceleration Units
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Velocity-Time Graph Area
Velocity-Time Graph Area
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Scalar Quantity
Scalar Quantity
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Vector Quantity
Vector Quantity
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Scalar Examples
Scalar Examples
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Vector Examples
Vector Examples
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Difference Between Scalar and Vector
Difference Between Scalar and Vector
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Study Notes
Analysing Motion
- Average speed is calculated by dividing the distance travelled by the time taken.
- Formula: average speed = distance moved / time taken
- Units: Average speed is measured in meters per second (m/s), distance in meters (m), and time in seconds (s).
- Example: A car travels 300 meters in 20 seconds, its average speed is 15 m/s.
Distance-Time Graphs
- Graphs show how far something travels over a specific time period.
- Vertical axis represents distance from a starting point.
- Horizontal axis represents time from a starting point.
- Stationary objects show a horizontal line on the graph.
- Objects moving at a constant speed in a straight line show a straight sloped line on the graph.
Acceleration
- Acceleration is calculated by the change in velocity divided by the time taken.
- Formula: acceleration = (final velocity - initial velocity) / time.
- Velocity is speed and direction, while speed is only magnitude.
- Example: -15 m/s means moving backwards at 15 metres per second
- Units: Acceleration is measured in meters per second squared (m/s²).
Velocity-Time Graphs
- Graphs show the speed and direction of an object over a specific time period.
- Vertical axis represents velocity. Horizontal axis represents time from a starting point.
- Constant velocity shows a horizontal line on the graph.
- Constant acceleration shows a straight, sloped line on the graph.
- The steepness of the line represents the acceleration of the object.
- Deceleration is represented by a line sloping downwards in a velocity-time graph with negative gradient.
Acceleration Calculation
- Method: Calculate the acceleration by dividing the change in velocity by the time it takes.
- Formula: a = (v - u) / t
- Units: (m/s²). Velocity is measured in meters per second (m/s), and time in seconds (s).
Area Under Velocity-Time Graphs
- Area under the graph represents the distance travelled.
- Using triangles and rectangles, calculate the area to find distance covered
Scalar and Vector Quantities
- Scalar quantities have magnitude only (e.g., speed, distance, time, energy).
- Vector quantities have both magnitude and direction (e.g., velocity, displacement, acceleration, force, weight, momentum).
- Vector quantities change when their magnitude, direction, or both change.
Equations of Motion
- Used to describe the motion of objects in a straight line with constant acceleration.
- Key variables: Initial velocity (u), final velocity (v), acceleration (a), time (t), and displacement (s).
- Four equations: v = u + at, s = ut + ½at², v² = u² + 2as, and v + u/ 2 = t.
- If a question mentions from rest, u = 0, and you would use the equations
- Acceleration due to gravity is 9.8 m/s².
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