Physics Motion and Graphs Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What distinguishes speed from velocity?

Speed includes direction, whereas velocity does not.

Speed can change without affecting velocity.

Speed is a vector quantity, while velocity is a scalar quantity.

Speed is a scalar quantity, while velocity is a vector quantity. (correct)

Which of the following equations of motion relates the five quantities together?

$v = u + at$

$s = ut + \frac{1}{2}at^2$

$v^2 = u^2 + 2as$

All of the above (correct)

When a question states 'from rest', what does it imply about the initial velocity?

Initial velocity u is equal to final velocity v.

Initial velocity u = 1 m/s.

Initial velocity u is unknown.

Initial velocity u = 0 m/s. (correct)

If an object takes 4 seconds to reach the highest point when lifted vertically, how long will it take to fall back to Earth?

4 seconds. Signup and view all the answers

What must be true about vectors in a physics problem to ensure proper calculation?

All vectors in one direction should be considered positive, and the opposite direction negative. Signup and view all the answers

What is the unit for acceleration?

m/s/s Signup and view all the answers

How is acceleration calculated?

Change in velocity divided by time Signup and view all the answers

What is the area under the line in a velocity-time graph indicative of?

The distance travelled Signup and view all the answers

What is the area of the light-blue triangle in the graph if its width is 4 seconds and height is 8 m/s?

16 m Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a vector quantity?

Velocity Signup and view all the answers

Under what circumstances does a vector quantity change?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is the total distance travelled if the area of the light-blue triangle is 16 m and the area of the dark-blue rectangle is 48 m?

64 m Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a scalar quantity?

Force Signup and view all the answers

What does a horizontal line on a distance-time graph indicate?

The object is stationary. Signup and view all the answers

How can you determine the speed of an object from a distance-time graph?

By finding the slope of the line at any point. Signup and view all the answers

What does a line with a steeper slope on a distance-time graph indicate compared to a line with a shallower slope?

The object is moving more quickly. Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct definition of velocity as opposed to speed?

Velocity includes direction as well as speed. Signup and view all the answers

What does a downward sloping line on a velocity-time graph represent?

An object experiencing constant deceleration. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes a velocity-time graph for an object moving with constant velocity?

The line is horizontal. Signup and view all the answers

How is acceleration calculated according to the relationship between velocity and time?

Change in velocity divided by time taken. Signup and view all the answers

In a velocity-time graph, what does a straight line with a positive slope represent?

Constant acceleration. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Analysing Motion

Average speed is calculated by dividing the distance travelled by the time taken.
Formula: average speed = distance moved / time taken
Units: Average speed is measured in meters per second (m/s), distance in meters (m), and time in seconds (s).
Example: A car travels 300 meters in 20 seconds, its average speed is 15 m/s.

Distance-Time Graphs

Graphs show how far something travels over a specific time period.
Vertical axis represents distance from a starting point.
Horizontal axis represents time from a starting point.
Stationary objects show a horizontal line on the graph.
Objects moving at a constant speed in a straight line show a straight sloped line on the graph.

Acceleration

Acceleration is calculated by the change in velocity divided by the time taken.
Formula: acceleration = (final velocity - initial velocity) / time.
Velocity is speed and direction, while speed is only magnitude.
Example: -15 m/s means moving backwards at 15 metres per second
Units: Acceleration is measured in meters per second squared (m/s²).

Velocity-Time Graphs

Graphs show the speed and direction of an object over a specific time period.
Vertical axis represents velocity. Horizontal axis represents time from a starting point.
Constant velocity shows a horizontal line on the graph.
Constant acceleration shows a straight, sloped line on the graph.
The steepness of the line represents the acceleration of the object.
Deceleration is represented by a line sloping downwards in a velocity-time graph with negative gradient.

Acceleration Calculation

Method: Calculate the acceleration by dividing the change in velocity by the time it takes.
Formula: a = (v - u) / t
Units: (m/s²). Velocity is measured in meters per second (m/s), and time in seconds (s).

Area Under Velocity-Time Graphs

Area under the graph represents the distance travelled.
Using triangles and rectangles, calculate the area to find distance covered

Scalar and Vector Quantities

Scalar quantities have magnitude only (e.g., speed, distance, time, energy).
Vector quantities have both magnitude and direction (e.g., velocity, displacement, acceleration, force, weight, momentum).
Vector quantities change when their magnitude, direction, or both change.

Equations of Motion

Used to describe the motion of objects in a straight line with constant acceleration.
Key variables: Initial velocity (u), final velocity (v), acceleration (a), time (t), and displacement (s).
Four equations: v = u + at, s = ut + ½at², v² = u² + 2as, and v + u/ 2 = t.
If a question mentions from rest, u = 0, and you would use the equations
Acceleration due to gravity is 9.8 m/s².

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Description

Test your understanding of motion, average speed, and acceleration with this quiz. Learn how to read distance-time graphs and apply the relevant formulas to calculate speed and acceleration. Perfect for students aiming to grasp the basics of physics.