Physics Motion and Graphs Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What distinguishes speed from velocity?

  • Speed includes direction, whereas velocity does not.
  • Speed can change without affecting velocity.
  • Speed is a vector quantity, while velocity is a scalar quantity.
  • Speed is a scalar quantity, while velocity is a vector quantity. (correct)

    • Which of the following equations of motion relates the five quantities together?

  • $v = u + at$
  • $s = ut + \frac{1}{2}at^2$
  • $v^2 = u^2 + 2as$
  • All of the above (correct)

    • When a question states 'from rest', what does it imply about the initial velocity?

  • Initial velocity u is equal to final velocity v.
  • Initial velocity u = 1 m/s.
  • Initial velocity u is unknown.
  • Initial velocity u = 0 m/s. (correct)

    • If an object takes 4 seconds to reach the highest point when lifted vertically, how long will it take to fall back to Earth?

    <p>4 seconds. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must be true about vectors in a physics problem to ensure proper calculation?

    <p>All vectors in one direction should be considered positive, and the opposite direction negative. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unit for acceleration?

    <p>m/s/s (B), m/s2 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is acceleration calculated?

    <p>Change in velocity divided by time (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the area under the line in a velocity-time graph indicative of?

    <p>The distance travelled (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the area of the light-blue triangle in the graph if its width is 4 seconds and height is 8 m/s?

    <p>16 m (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a vector quantity?

    <p>Velocity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under what circumstances does a vector quantity change?

    <p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the total distance travelled if the area of the light-blue triangle is 16 m and the area of the dark-blue rectangle is 48 m?

    <p>64 m (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a scalar quantity?

    <p>Force (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a horizontal line on a distance-time graph indicate?

    <p>The object is stationary. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can you determine the speed of an object from a distance-time graph?

    <p>By finding the slope of the line at any point. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a line with a steeper slope on a distance-time graph indicate compared to a line with a shallower slope?

    <p>The object is moving more quickly. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct definition of velocity as opposed to speed?

    <p>Velocity includes direction as well as speed. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a downward sloping line on a velocity-time graph represent?

    <p>An object experiencing constant deceleration. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes a velocity-time graph for an object moving with constant velocity?

    <p>The line is horizontal. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is acceleration calculated according to the relationship between velocity and time?

    <p>Change in velocity divided by time taken. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a velocity-time graph, what does a straight line with a positive slope represent?

    <p>Constant acceleration. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Distance-time graph

    A graph showing how far an object travels over time.

    Stationary object (graph)

    Object not moving; horizontal line on distance-time graph.

    Constant speed (graph)

    Object moving at a steady speed in a straight line; straight sloped line on distance-time graph.

    Velocity

    Speed in a particular direction.

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    Velocity-time graph

    Graph showing speed and direction of an object over time.

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    Constant velocity (graph)

    Object moving at a constant speed in a constant direction; horizontal line on velocity-time graph.

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    Acceleration

    Rate of change of velocity.

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    Deceleration

    Decrease in velocity; negative acceleration.

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    Scalar vs. Vector

    Scalar quantities have magnitude only (e.g., speed, time), while vector quantities have both magnitude and direction (e.g., velocity, displacement).

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    Speed vs. Velocity

    Speed is the rate at which an object changes position, while velocity is speed in a particular direction.

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    Geostationary Satellite

    A satellite that orbits Earth at the same rate as Earth's rotation, appearing stationary from the ground.

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    Equations of Motion

    Mathematical equations used to describe and predict the motion of objects, relating initial velocity, final velocity, acceleration, time, and displacement.

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    Acceleration due to Gravity

    The constant rate at which objects fall towards Earth, approximately 9.8 m/s².

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    Acceleration Calculation

    Acceleration is calculated by dividing the change in velocity by the time taken for the change.

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    Acceleration Units

    The units of acceleration are m/s² (metres per second squared).

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    Velocity-Time Graph Area

    The area under a velocity-time graph represents the distance travelled.

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    Scalar Quantity

    A quantity with only magnitude (size), no direction.

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    Vector Quantity

    A quantity with both magnitude and direction.

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    Scalar Examples

    Examples of scalar quantities include distance, speed, time, power, and energy.

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    Vector Examples

    Examples of vector quantities include displacement, velocity, acceleration, force, weight, and momentum.

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    Difference Between Scalar and Vector

    The key difference between scalar and vector quantities is that vectors have a direction, whereas scalars do not.

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    Study Notes

    Analysing Motion

    • Average speed is calculated by dividing the distance travelled by the time taken.
    • Formula: average speed = distance moved / time taken
    • Units: Average speed is measured in meters per second (m/s), distance in meters (m), and time in seconds (s).
    • Example: A car travels 300 meters in 20 seconds, its average speed is 15 m/s.

    Distance-Time Graphs

    • Graphs show how far something travels over a specific time period.
    • Vertical axis represents distance from a starting point.
    • Horizontal axis represents time from a starting point.
    • Stationary objects show a horizontal line on the graph.
    • Objects moving at a constant speed in a straight line show a straight sloped line on the graph.

    Acceleration

    • Acceleration is calculated by the change in velocity divided by the time taken.
    • Formula: acceleration = (final velocity - initial velocity) / time.
    • Velocity is speed and direction, while speed is only magnitude.
    • Example: -15 m/s means moving backwards at 15 metres per second
    • Units: Acceleration is measured in meters per second squared (m/s²).

    Velocity-Time Graphs

    • Graphs show the speed and direction of an object over a specific time period.
    • Vertical axis represents velocity. Horizontal axis represents time from a starting point.
    • Constant velocity shows a horizontal line on the graph.
    • Constant acceleration shows a straight, sloped line on the graph.
    • The steepness of the line represents the acceleration of the object.
    • Deceleration is represented by a line sloping downwards in a velocity-time graph with negative gradient.

    Acceleration Calculation

    • Method: Calculate the acceleration by dividing the change in velocity by the time it takes.
    • Formula: a = (v - u) / t
    • Units: (m/s²). Velocity is measured in meters per second (m/s), and time in seconds (s).

    Area Under Velocity-Time Graphs

    • Area under the graph represents the distance travelled.
    • Using triangles and rectangles, calculate the area to find distance covered

    Scalar and Vector Quantities

    • Scalar quantities have magnitude only (e.g., speed, distance, time, energy).
    • Vector quantities have both magnitude and direction (e.g., velocity, displacement, acceleration, force, weight, momentum).
    • Vector quantities change when their magnitude, direction, or both change.

    Equations of Motion

    • Used to describe the motion of objects in a straight line with constant acceleration.
    • Key variables: Initial velocity (u), final velocity (v), acceleration (a), time (t), and displacement (s).
    • Four equations: v = u + at, s = ut + ½at², v² = u² + 2as, and v + u/ 2 = t.
    • If a question mentions from rest, u = 0, and you would use the equations
    • Acceleration due to gravity is 9.8 m/s².

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    Related Documents

    Analysing Motion - Kinematics PDF

    Description

    Test your understanding of motion, average speed, and acceleration with this quiz. Learn how to read distance-time graphs and apply the relevant formulas to calculate speed and acceleration. Perfect for students aiming to grasp the basics of physics.

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