Physics Light Waves Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following statements correctly defines its wavelength?

It corresponds to the distance between points A and G.
It corresponds to the distance between points D and G. (correct)
It corresponds to the horizontal distance between points E and G.
It corresponds to the vertical distance between points F and E.

Which statement below best defines frequency?

The average amplitude of the wave over a period of time
The average length of the wave per second
The number of cycles of the wave per second (correct)
The number of seconds per cycle of the wave

Identify which graph represents the blue light. Explain your answer.

Graph B represents the blue light because it has a smaller wavelength than graph A. The smaller the wavelength, the higher the energy, and blue light has higher energy than red light.

What is the wavelength of the red light?

650 nm Signup and view all the answers

Which of the waves shown below has the lowest frequency? Explain your answer.

Wave 1 (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true for electromagnetic waves?

The greater the wavelength, the smaller the energy carried by the wave (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following waves has the longest wavelength?

Radio waves (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which wave carries the most energy? Explain.

Wave A carries the most energy because it has the shortest wavelength. Wavelength and energy are inversely proportional, meaning that shorter wavelengths correspond to higher energy. Signup and view all the answers

Which diagram best represents refraction through a rectangular prism? Explain.

Diagram C (B) Signup and view all the answers

Using the diagram below, identify the focal point.

C Signup and view all the answers

Using what you know about reflective surfaces, explain why you see your image when you look in the mirror.

When you look in a mirror, light rays from your body hit the mirror, and the incident light is reflected. The reflected light rays then travel towards your eyes, and your brain interprets these reflected rays as if they are coming from a point behind the mirror, which is where you see your image. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following shows how the original light ray would be reflected in the mirror?

Diagram B (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the angle of reflection if the angle of incidence is 35°?

35° (B) Signup and view all the answers

If the angle between an incident ray and reflected ray is 120°, then what is the angle of incidence?

60° Signup and view all the answers

Complete the following ray diagram of light hitting a reflective surface (include the reflected ray and the angle of reflection).

50 Signup and view all the answers

Elias needs reading glasses because he has hyperopia (the focused image of his eye's lens is beyond his retina). In order to read properly, the focused image must fall directly on his retina.

a) What type of lens does he need for their new glasses?

b) Why would this type of lens be an appropriate choice?

a) Elias needs a convex lens for his reading glasses. b) A convex lens will converge light rays more, bringing the focal point forward so that it reaches the retina. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following are examples of organs?

2, 3 and 4 only (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements best explains why an organ can be said to 'be differentiated'?

Organs are made up of specialized tissues that are different from the rest of the body. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the process by which an organism monitors and reacts to changes in its internal or external environment?

Coordination ('relationships') (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which letters on the diagram below belong to the central nervous system? What are their names?

A: Brain, C: Spinal cord Signup and view all the answers

Where is the central nervous system located?

Head, neck and back. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Indicate 'brain' or 'spinal cord' for each of the statements below: a) Controls vital body functions b) Sends messages to the body c) Passes messages along to the body d) Controls reflexes e) __Studying for final exam

a) brain b) brain c) spinal cord d) spinal cord e) brain Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a function of the spinal cord?

Sends messages from one side of the body to the other. (A) Signup and view all the answers

How does a neuron pass its message along in the synapse?

The axon releases neurotransmitters that cross the synapse and reach the dendrite of the next cell to pass on the message. (D) Signup and view all the answers

If you are sitting on a chair that is too hard and it is painful, what would each part of the nervous system do, in order, to respond to the stimulus?

<ol> <li>Sensory receptors would pick up the pain signal from the body.</li> <li>Sensory nerves will pass this signal along to your central nervous system.</li> <li>The central nervous system processes and analyzes the received signal and decides to move the body to stop the pain.</li> <li>Motor nerves then pass the message along to the muscles.</li> <li>Muscles will then respond according to the message received and change your position to stop the pain.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes the correct pathway for your body's nervous system to prevent a bright light from damaging your eyes:

You close your eyes.

Your optic nerve sends a message to your brain that there is too much light.

The sensors in your retina pick up large quantities of light entering your eye.

The brain sends out a message for your eyelids to close.

The brain analyzes the information it receives and decides to ask your body to close the eyelids.

3→2→5 → 4 → 1 (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT considered to be an action caused by a reflex arc?

An athlete starts to run when a starter gun makes a noise. (C) Signup and view all the answers

In a patient who is in a coma, why is it possible to have a reflex action but not voluntary action?

A reflex action is controlled by the spinal cord, while a voluntary action is controlled by the brain. When a patient is in a coma, the brain is not functioning, but the spinal cord can still process and respond to sensory stimuli, allowing for reflex actions to occur. Signup and view all the answers

Which structure of the eye focuses light onto the retina?

Lens (D) Signup and view all the answers

On a very bright and sunny day, Jamal goes outside to play. How will his eyes adjust to the extra amount of light?

Jamal's eyes will adjust to the bright light by contracting his irises, which will cause the pupil to become smaller. This reduces the amount of light entering the eye, preventing overexposure. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is NOT a function of mitosis?

Production of sex cells (B) Signup and view all the answers

Identify the mitotic function that is being illustrated in each example below: a) A strawberry plant will extend its roots to make a second, genetically identical plant. b) An athlete's broken arm heals. c) Red blood cells are replaced approximately every 3 months. d) In its first 6 months, a baby will increase in size from 1 cm - 2.5 cm every month.

a) Asexual reproduction b) Tissue repair c) Tissue repair d) Growth Signup and view all the answers

The process of meiosis is important for sexual reproduction. Explain.

Meiosis is important for sexual reproduction because it produces haploid gametes (sex cells) that contain half the number of chromosomes as a parent cell. When these gametes fuse during fertilization, they form a diploid zygote with a full set of chromosomes, ensuring genetic diversity in offspring. Signup and view all the answers

Identify whether the following are examples of mitosis or meiosis. Explain your answers. a) A baby's first tooth is coming in. b) Spermatozoa are produced in the testicles. c) A woman's ovaries produce an ovum every month. d) After several days, a student's paper cut is healed.

Mitosis (A), Meiosis (B), Meiosis (C), Mitosis (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the choices below correctly shows the result of mitosis and meiosis for this parent cell?

Option D (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true about genetic diversity?

Genetic diversity includes all the genetic variation that occurs in a species. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Anna, Andrea and Anita are triplets. Anna and Andrea are identical, but Anita is not. How can this be possible?

Anna and Andrea are identical twins, meaning they developed from the same fertilized egg. Anita is a fraternal twin, meaning she developed from a separate egg that was fertilized at the same time. Signup and view all the answers

A population of birds has developed over several years on an isolated island. Ecologists in the region have noticed that many of these birds have a shortened life span because the population has a higher occurrence of a defective gene. These ecologists would like to save the population from disappearing.

One option they are considering is to bring in the same species of birds, from a different community, which does not show this defective gene.

What effect would introducing this new population of birds have on the genetic diversity of the existing bird community? Explain your answer.

Introducing a new population with a different genetic makeup would likely increase the genetic diversity of the existing bird community. When birds from the new population breed with the existing population, their offspring will inherit a wider range of genes, including those that are not present in the original population, leading to increased genetic diversity. This increased diversity could be beneficial for survival, as it provides a greater chance for the population to adapt to changing environmental conditions. Signup and view all the answers

At the end of which time period did the Permian mass extinctions occur?

The Paleozoic (A) Signup and view all the answers

In which type of rocks are most fossils found?

Sedimentary rocks (A) Signup and view all the answers

The femur of a mammoth preserved in the rocks is considered a fossil. The footprint of the T-rex is also considered a fossil, despite being very different than a femur. Explain why both are fossils, despite their differences.

Both the femur and the footprint are considered fossils because they are traces of past organisms preserved in rock. The femur is a body fossil, while the footprint is a trace fossil. Both provide evidence of the existence of these organisms in the past. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the statements below are true?

A deeper fossil is younger than a shallower fossil.

Two fossils in the same stratigraphic layer are the same relative age.

Two fossils in the same stratigraphic layer come from the same organism.

2 only (D) Signup and view all the answers

Sort the following fossils from the youngest to the oldest. Explain.

The youngest fossil is B, followed by A and C, and finally D. Fossil B is located in the uppermost layer, while D is in the deepest layer. Fossils A and C are in the same layer and are therefore the same relative age. Signup and view all the answers

When describing distances in our Solar System, what unit should you use? Why?

It's best to use the Astronomical Unit (AU) to describe distances in our Solar System. The AU is the average distance between Earth and the Sun, which is 150 million kilometers. Using AU helps to avoid working with incredibly large numbers. Signup and view all the answers

When expressing distances between objects in space it is best to use the appropriate unit. What unit should you use when expressing the distance between Venus and the Sun?

The most appropriate unit to use for distances between planets in the solar system is Astronomical Units (AU). Signup and view all the answers

Indicate which unit is most appropriate to express the distances between the celestial bodies listed in the table below:

From To Unit The Sun Alpha-Centauri (another star) The Milky Way Andromeda Galaxy Earth Pluto

The Sun to Alpha-Centauri: Light Year The Milky Way to Andromeda Galaxy: Light Year Earth to Pluto: Astronomical Unit Signup and view all the answers

Mars has been the topic of scientific investigation for a long time. Water in a frozen state as well as carbon-based rock has been found on the planet. Mars is part of our solar system. Given this information and your knowledge of factors conducive to life, do you think that Mars could support life?

While Mars is a cold and dry planet, the presence of water ice and carbon-based rocks suggests that conditions necessary for life may have existed or could exist in the future. However, further research is crucial to determine the potential for life on Mars, whether life has existed previously or if life could emerge in the future. Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What is DNA?

A molecule found in the nucleus of cells, shaped like a twisted ladder (double helix), which contains an organism's genetic information.

What are genes?

Segments of DNA that carry specific instructions for traits like eye color, protein production, or other functions.

What is mitosis?

The process of cell division where one parent cell divides into two identical daughter cells, each containing the same number of chromosomes as the parent.