Physics Class: Motion and Speed
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Questions and Answers

Which type of motion refers to an object moving in a circular path?

  • Linear motion
  • Circular motion (correct)
  • Periodic motion
  • Straight line motion

An athlete's motion in a race is an example of circular motion.

False (B)

Name one object that exhibits periodic motion.

Motion of a swing

The _____ moves faster than a bullock cart.

<p>pedal of a bicycle</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines whether an object is moving slowly or quickly?

<p>The distance moved in a given time (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following objects with their type of motion:

<p>Bullock cart = Slow motion Pedal of a bicycle = Fast motion Motion of the Earth around the Sun = Circular motion Hands of an athlete in a race = Straight line motion</p> Signup and view all the answers

All vehicles can move only in a straight line.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which vehicle is observed to be the slowest among those moving in the same direction?

<p>Bullock cart</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the basic unit of speed?

<p>m/s (A), km/h (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which animal holds the record for the fastest speed?

<p>Falcon (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Speed is calculated by dividing distance by time.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A domestic mouse can reach a speed of 11 km/h.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Calculate the total distance covered by a car moving at 40 km/h for 15 minutes and then at 60 km/h for the next 15 minutes.

<p>25 km</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the speed of a giant tortoise in m/s?

<p>0.27</p> Signup and view all the answers

The meter that measures the distance moved by a vehicle is called an ______.

<p>odometer</p> Signup and view all the answers

The formula for calculating speed can be expressed as Speed = ______.

<p>Distance / Time</p> Signup and view all the answers

What speed would a car have if it travels 100 meters in 10 seconds?

<p>10 m/s (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At what time did Paheli note that the odometer reading was 36600 km?

<p>9:30 AM (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following types of distance-time graphs with their description:

<p>Graph 1 = Constant speed Graph 2 = Increasing speed Graph 3 = Decreasing speed Graph 4 = Resting</p> Signup and view all the answers

A rabbit runs faster than a domestic mouse.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the speed range of a blue fish in km/h?

<p>40 – 46</p> Signup and view all the answers

A truck moving with a constant speed will show a straight line on a distance-time graph.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following animals with their speeds (in km/h):

<p>Falcon = 320 Cheetah = 112 Rabbit = 56 Snail = 0.05</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of drawing a distance-time graph for the motion of a car?

<p>To represent the relationship between distance and time (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A straight line on a distance-time graph indicates that the object is moving with a changing speed.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When the time is 1 minute, what distance has the car traveled according to the given scale?

<p>1 km</p> Signup and view all the answers

The point on the graph corresponding to time 0 min and distance 0 km is known as the ______.

<p>origin</p> Signup and view all the answers

How should the time values be marked on the x-axis?

<p>In minutes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What shapes can the distance-time graph take if the speed of the object is not constant?

<p>Any shape except a straight line</p> Signup and view all the answers

At what point do the lines drawn on the graph intersect when marking a distance of 1 km at 1 minute?

<p>At the 1 km and 1 min point of the graph (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following components to their descriptions:

<p>Origin = Point where both distance and time are zero Y-axis = Represents distance traveled X-axis = Represents time taken Straight line = Indicates constant speed</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of motion is exhibited by a horse pulling a cart on a straight road?

<p>Straight line motion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The basic unit of time is the minute.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the time period of a simple pendulum that takes 32 seconds to complete 20 oscillations?

<p>1.6 seconds</p> Signup and view all the answers

The distance between two stations is ____ km, and a train takes ____ hours to cover this distance.

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What should the gnomon be aligned to when setting up a sundial?

<p>North-South direction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The sundial can be used to measure time only once during the day.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key factor to ensure accurate readings on a sundial?

<p>The gnomon must be placed in the North-South direction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The time period of a swing should be measured while it is _____ naturally.

<p>swinging</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the ancient time-measuring devices with their descriptions:

<p>Sundial = Uses the position of the sun's shadow to tell time Water clock = Measures time based on the flow of water Sand clock = Uses sand flowing through an opening to measure time Candle clock = Measures time based on the burning rate of a candle</p> Signup and view all the answers

How often should you mark the position of the gnomon's shadow on the sundial?

<p>Every hour (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A model of a sand clock can measure a time interval of 2 minutes.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can you conclude from measuring the time period of a swing with different persons sitting on it?

<p>The time period of the swing is independent of the weight of the person sitting on it.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of motion is exhibited by the motion of a child in a merry-go-round?

<p>Circular motion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The speed of a train is commonly measured in kilometers per minute.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Calculate the time period of a simple pendulum that takes 32 seconds to complete 20 oscillations.

<p>1.6 seconds</p> Signup and view all the answers

The distance traveled by a train in 4 hours at a speed of 60 km/h is __________ km.

<p>240</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match each motion type with its corresponding example:

<p>Straight line motion = Motion of a horse pulling a cart on a straight road Circular motion = Motion of a child in a merry-go-round Oscillatory motion = Motion of a hammer of an electric bell Constant speed = Motion of a train on a straight bridge</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is incorrect?

<p>Every object moves with a constant speed. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A car parked on a side road shows a straight line on a distance-time graph.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the speed of a bicycle if Salma takes 15 minutes to travel to school and the speed is noted as 2 m/s?

<p>2 m/s</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Motion

A change in position of an object over time.

Distance

The distance covered by an object in a given interval of time.

Speed

Describes how quickly or slowly an object is moving.

Linear Motion

Motion that happens along a straight line.

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Circular Motion

Motion that happens in a circular path.

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Periodic Motion

Motion that repeats itself in regular intervals.

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Comparing Speeds

Comparing the speeds of two objects to determine which is faster.

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Comparing Speeds in the Same Direction

Objects moving at different speeds can be easily compared when they move in the same direction.

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Speedometer

A device that measures and displays the speed of a vehicle.

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Odometer

A device that measures the total distance traveled by a vehicle.

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Graph

A visual representation of data using lines, bars, or other symbols to show relationships between variables. Often used to represent information concisely and make it easier to understand.

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Distance-Time Graph

A type of graph that shows the relationship between distance traveled and time taken. It helps visualize how distance changes over time.

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Displacement

The distance traveled by an object in a particular direction. It is a vector quantity, meaning it has both magnitude and direction.

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Velocity

A measure of how fast an object is moving. It is represented in units like km/h or m/s.

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Acceleration

A change in the speed or direction of motion of an object. It requires an external force to occur.

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Distance-Time Graph for Constant Speed

The distance-time graph for an object moving at a constant speed is a straight line. This means that the object covers equal distances in equal intervals of time.

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What is Linear Motion?

Motion along a straight line is movement in a single direction without any curves or turns.

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What is Circular Motion?

Circular motion is movement along a circular path. The object constantly changes direction while maintaining a constant distance from the center of the circle.

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What is Oscillatory Motion?

Oscillatory motion is repetitive back-and-forth movement about a fixed point. The object moves from one extreme position to another and back again.

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What is the time period of a pendulum?

The time period of a pendulum is the time it takes to complete one full swing, from one extreme position to the other and back again.

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What is Speed?

Speed is how fast an object is moving. It is calculated by dividing the distance traveled by the time taken. Speed = Distance / Time

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What is an Odometer?

The odometer of a car measures the total distance traveled. It's like a mileage tracker.

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How is Speed Measured?

The speed of a car is typically measured in kilometers per hour (km/h). This means how many kilometers the car travels in one hour.

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Constant Speed on a Graph

A straight line on a distance-time graph indicates that an object is moving at a constant speed. This means the object covers the same distance in the same amount of time.

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Changing Speed on a Graph

If the speed of an object changes, the distance-time graph will not be a straight line. It can take on different shapes depending on how the speed varies.

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Initial Position on Graph

The point where the distance-time graph crosses the y-axis represents the initial position of the object at time zero. This is also called the starting point.

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Speed and Slope on a Graph

The slope of a distance-time graph represents the speed of the object. A steeper slope indicates a faster speed, while a shallower slope indicates a slower speed.

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Axes on a Distance-Time Graph

On a distance-time graph, the x-axis is the horizontal axis, representing time. The y-axis is the vertical axis, representing distance.

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Marking Points on Graph

To represent a point on a distance-time graph, you need to find where the time value on the x-axis intersects with the distance value on the y-axis. The intersection point represents that specific time and distance.

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Scale on a Distance-Time Graph

The scale used on a distance-time graph determines how much distance or time each unit on the axes represents. This helps to accurately represent the data.

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What is distance?

The distance covered by an object in a specific amount of time.

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What is m/s?

The standard unit of speed in the metric system; it measures meters per second.

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What is a distance-time graph?

A visual representation showing how the distance traveled by an object changes over time. The steeper the line, the faster the object is moving.

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What kind of distance-time graph shows constant speed?

A graph with a straight line represents an object moving at a constant speed. The line's slope indicates the speed.

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What kind of distance-time graph shows a changing speed?

A graph with a curved line represents an object whose speed is changing. The steeper the curve, the faster the change in speed.

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What is the formula triangle?

A diagram showing the connection between distance, time, and speed, using formulas to directly calculate any of these values.

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What is the significance of the formula triangle?

A tool that helps visualize and calculate various relationships, and directly finds a value if the other two are known.

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Sundial

A device that measures time using the shadow cast by a pointed object (gnomon) as the sun moves across the sky.

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Sand Clock

A time-measuring device that uses the flow of sand to measure time intervals.

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Time Period (of a pendulum or swing)

The time taken for one complete swing or oscillation of a pendulum or other oscillating object.

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Study Notes

Motion and Time

  • Various motions include linear, circular, and periodic motion types.
  • table 9.1 provides examples of various types of motion (e.g., soldiers marching, a bullock cart moving on a straight road, the pedal of a bicycle, the Earth's motion around the sun).
  • It's common for some motions to be slow and others to be fast.
  • Activity 9.1 demonstrates how to identify faster and slower moving objects based on their positions at different times.
  • Speed is distance per unit time (e.g., 50 km/h).Average speed is calculated by dividing the total distance covered by the total time taken to cover that distance.
  • The basic unit of time is a second (s).
  • Larger units of time include minutes (min) and hours (h).
  • Speed measurement relies on measuring time and distance. Different time-measuring devices exist, including clocks, watches, sundials, water clocks, and sand clocks.
  • A simple pendulum exhibits periodic motion; its period remains constant for a fixed length, regardless of displacement.
  • Table 9.2 shows the relationship between the length of a pendulum and the time taken for a set number of oscillations.
    • Galileo's observation of a pendulum’s constant period led to the development of pendulum clocks.
    • Average speed is the total distance traveled divided by the total time taken.
    • Different units of time exist, and it's crucial to use appropriate units based on the context (e.g., years for age, seconds for timing a race).
    • Measuring speed depends on calculating distance over time.
    • Special clocks can measure very small time intervals, such as microseconds and nanoseconds.
    • A distance-time graph can visualize motion using time along the x-axis and distance along the y-axis.
    • Choosing appropriate scales (e.g., 1 km = 1 cm) is essential for accurately representing data on a graph without overcrowding.
    • Consistent scales ensure effective graphs.

Types of Motion

  • Straight line motion: motion in a single direction without changing direction (e.g., a car moving on a highway)
  • Circular motion: motion in a circular path (e.g., a fan blade, a spinning wheel)
  • Periodic motion: motion that repeats itself in a regular cycle (e.g., a swinging pendulum, the Earth orbiting the Sun)

Activities

  • Activity 9.3 involves measuring the speed of a rolling ball.

Speed

  • Speed is calculated by dividing the distance traveled by the time it took to travel that distance.
  • The unit of speed is meters per second (m/s) or kilometers per hour (km/h).
  • Table 9.4 and other examples showcase the varying speeds of different objects and animals.

Distance-Time Graphs

  • Distance-time graphs display the relationship between distance and time during a period of motion.
  • A straight line on a graph indicates a constant speed.

Exercises

  • Classify different motions as straight-line, circular or oscillatory.
  • Provide correct statements related to basic units of time, distance and speed and simple pendulum calculations.
  • Calculate speeds from given distances and times.
  • Identify the fastest moving object from given graphs.

Extend Learning Activities

  • Creating your own sundial to measure time.
  • Collecting information about various time-measuring devices used in the past.
  • Building a simple sand clock.

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Motion and Time PDF

Description

Test your knowledge on different types of motion, including circular and periodic motion, as well as key concepts related to speed. This quiz covers fundamental principles applicable to vehicles and animals in motion, along with related calculations. Perfect for students studying physics or reviewing motion concepts.

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