Physics Class 11: Motion, Force, Energy

Kinematics

• Motion in a Straight Line:
  • Distance and displacement
  • Speed and velocity
  • Acceleration
  • Equations of motion: v = u + at, s = ut + 0.5at^2, v^2 = u^2 + 2as
• Motion in a Plane:
  • Projectile motion: horizontal and vertical motion, time of flight, range, and maximum height
  • Relative motion: concept of relative motion, relative velocity, and relative acceleration

Dynamics

• Newton's Laws of Motion:
  • First law (Law of Inertia): an object at rest remains at rest, an object in motion remains in motion
  • Second law (Force and Acceleration): F = ma
  • Third law (Action and Reaction): every action has an equal and opposite reaction
• Types of Forces:
  • Contact forces: frictional force, normal force, tension force
  • Non-contact forces: gravitational force, electrostatic force, magnetic force
• Friction:
  • Static friction: frictional force when an object is stationary
  • Kinetic friction: frictional force when an object is moving
  • Rolling friction: frictional force when an object is rolling
  • Fluid friction: frictional force when an object is moving through a fluid

Work, Energy, and Power

• Work and Energy:
  • Work: product of force and displacement
  • Energy: capacity to do work, types of energy (kinetic, potential, thermal)
  • Conservation of energy: total energy remains constant in a closed system
• Power:
  • Rate of doing work
  • Unit: watt (W)

Rotational Motion

• Rotational Kinematics:
  • Angular displacement, angular velocity, and angular acceleration
  • Rotational motion: circular motion, rotational kinematic equations
• Rotational Dynamics:
  • Torque: rotational force that causes rotation
  • Rotational kinematics and dynamics equations
  • Moment of inertia: resistance to rotational motion