Physics Class 10 Quiz
47 Questions
5 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the angle called when the outer edge is raised above the inner edge?

  • Angle of repose
  • Angle of banking (correct)
  • Angle of declination
  • Angle of inclination

What will happen to a model aeroplane when the thread holding it breaks while flying in a circle?

  • Directly to the center of the circle
  • In a straight line at a tangent (correct)
  • In an upward arc
  • In a circular path, as before

What type of force acts for a small time and varies with time?

  • Electromagnetic force
  • Impulsive force (correct)
  • Electrostatic force
  • Centripetal force

What does the term 'banking of roads' refer to?

<p>Inclining the roadway at an angle (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which quantity is a vector quantity?

<p>Force (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between impulse and linear momentum?

<p>Impulse is the change in momentum (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does centripetal force act on?

<p>Objects moving in a circular path (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to a gun when a bullet is fired?

<p>It accelerates backward due to recoil (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the principle of homogeneity of dimensions state?

<p>The dimensions of all terms on both sides of an equation must be the same. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is dimensional analysis useful?

<p>It is used to check the correctness of a physical equation. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the equation S = ut + ½ at², what are the dimensions of S?

<p>[L1T-2] (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true regarding dimensional homogeneity?

<p>The left-hand side and right-hand side must have matching dimensions. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What dimensions correspond to acceleration in the context discussed?

<p>[L1T-2] (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following illustrates the principle of homogeneity of dimensions?

<p>Equating different units like meters and seconds is inappropriate. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which use of dimensional equations is primarily for converting quantities?

<p>Changing units from one system to another. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What incorrect assumption might one make about the terms in S = ut + ½ at²?

<p>Distance can be equated to time. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is linear velocity defined as?

<p>The time rate of change of displacement (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the SI unit of acceleration?

<p>m/s² (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes a vector quantity?

<p>It has both magnitude and direction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When is acceleration considered negative?

<p>When velocity decreases over time (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of a force on a body at rest?

<p>It can change the position of the body (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the resolution of a force involve?

<p>Breaking a single force into components (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the dimension formula for force?

<p>[MLT-2] (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the resultant force obtained from the components along the x and y-axis?

<p>$F = \sqrt{F_x^2 + F_y^2}$ (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the SI unit of work?

<p>Joule (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a force of 50 N is applied at an angle of 30° to move an object 10 m, what is the work done?

<p>612.4 J (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When no displacement occurs, what is the work done on an object?

<p>Zero work (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which scenario represents work done in physics?

<p>Lifting a weight vertically (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the total mass of a man weighing 50 kg who supports a body of 25 kg?

<p>75 kg (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the work done when a person carries a load along a horizontal path?

<p>Zero (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of quantity is energy in relation to work?

<p>Scalar quantity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If 1 Joule equals how many ergs in the CGS system?

<p>10^7 ergs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the resultant of two vectors represented by the two sides of a triangle provide?

<p>Magnitude and direction by the third side taken in the opposite order. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which formula correctly represents the magnitude of the resultant for two vectors using the triangle law?

<p>𝑅 = √𝐴⃗2 + 𝐵2 + 2𝐴⃗𝐵 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the vectors in the parallelogram law?

<p>They act simultaneously and can be represented by adjacent sides of a parallelogram. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of quantity is distance classified as?

<p>Scalar quantity. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The direction of the resultant vector can be derived using which formula in the triangle law?

<p>tan β = 𝐵 sin θ / (𝐴⃗ + 𝐵 cos θ) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which product is NOT a characteristic of the scalar (or dot) product?

<p>It depends on the sine of the angle between the vectors. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the vector (or cross) product produce?

<p>A vector having a magnitude equal to the product of the magnitudes and sine of the angle. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately defines velocity?

<p>It is the rate of change of displacement. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of rotational motion?

<p>Motion of a body about a fixed axis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which formula correctly represents torque?

<p>τ = F × r (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Angular momentum can be expressed as which of the following formulas?

<p>L = p × r (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the law of conservation of angular momentum?

<p>Total angular momentum remains constant when no external torque acts. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about moment of inertia is true?

<p>It is a measure of an object's resistance to angular acceleration. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect does pulling in arms have on an ice skater's rotation speed?

<p>The skater spins faster. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the absence of external torque, what happens to angular momentum over time?

<p>It remains constant. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Principle of Homogeneity of Dimensions

The principle states that all terms in an equation must have the same dimensions for the equation to be physically meaningful.

Dimensionally Homogeneous Equation

A physical equation is considered dimensionally homogeneous if all the terms on both sides have the same dimensions.

Dimensional Analysis

Analyzing the dimensions of physical quantities in a relation to understand its behavior and relationships among variables.

Checking Correctness of a Physical Equation

The process of using dimensional analysis to verify the correctness of a physical equation by checking if all terms have the same dimensions.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Converting Units

Converting a physical quantity from one unit system to another using dimensional analysis and canceling out units.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Deriving Relations Among Quantities

Deriving relationships among physical quantities using dimensional analysis and observing how they relate to each other in terms of dimensions.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Dimensional Equations

The study of dimensions and units of physical quantities in equations and how they affect the relationships between them.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Applications of Dimensional Analysis

The process of applying dimensional analysis to understand and solve problems involving physical quantities and their relationships.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Resultant Vector

The sum of two or more vectors, resulting in a single vector that represents the combined effect.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Triangle Law of Vector Addition

A method of finding the resultant vector of two vectors by constructing a triangle where the two vectors are represented by two sides.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Magnitude of a Vector

The length of a vector, representing its magnitude or size.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Direction of a Vector

The direction of a vector, represented by an angle relative to a reference point.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Parallelogram Law of Vector Addition

A method of finding the resultant vector of two vectors by constructing a parallelogram where the two vectors are represented by two adjacent sides.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Scalar (Dot) Product of Vectors

The product of two vectors that results in a scalar quantity.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Vector (Cross) Product of Vectors

The product of two vectors that results in a vector quantity that is perpendicular to the plane containing the original vectors.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Commutativity of Vector Multiplication

A property of vectors where the order of multiplication does not affect the magnitude of the result, but it does affect the direction.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is linear velocity?

The time rate of change of displacement. Mathematically, velocity is calculated by dividing displacement by the time taken.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is acceleration?

The rate of change of velocity over time. It represents how quickly velocity is changing.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Define force.

A push or pull that can change an object's motion. It causes an object to accelerate.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What are the units of velocity?

Units of velocity are meters per second (m/s).

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is the dimensional formula for velocity?

The dimension formula for velocity is [M0L1T-1].

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is the resolution of a force?

The process of breaking down a force into its component forces acting in different directions.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Is force a scalar or vector quantity?

Force is a vector quantity because it has both magnitude and direction.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is the SI unit of force?

The SI unit of force is the Newton (N).

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is energy?

Capacity of a body to do work.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is work?

Work done by a force when it displaces an object through a distance in the direction of the force.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is the SI unit of work and energy?

Joule (J)

Signup and view all the flashcards

When is work done zero?

Work done is zero when the force is perpendicular to the displacement.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is the law of conservation of energy?

Energy can transform from one form to another, but the total amount remains constant.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is potential energy?

The ability to do work due to an object's position or state.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is kinetic energy?

The ability to do work due to an object's motion.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What are some forms of potential energy?

Forms of potential energy include gravitational potential energy (due to height), elastic potential energy (due to stretched springs/rubber bands), and chemical potential energy (stored in chemical bonds).

Signup and view all the flashcards

Angle of banking

The angle through which the outer edge of a curved road or track is raised above the inner edge to allow vehicles to safely navigate at higher speeds.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Centripetal force

The force that acts perpendicular to the direction of motion of an object moving in a circular path, keeping it on the circular path.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Impulse

A force that acts for a very short duration, causing a significant change in the momentum of an object.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Circular motion

The motion of an object along a circular path. The object's direction constantly changes while its speed can be constant or changing.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Resolution of a vector

The process of resolving a vector into its components along two perpendicular directions. This helps to analyze the independent effects of each component.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Laws of vector addition

The addition of vectors, which are quantities that have both magnitude and direction. This is achieved by following specific rules to find the resultant vector.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Scalar quantities

Quantities that have only magnitude, such as mass, speed, or temperature.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Vector quantities

Quantities that have both magnitude and direction, such as velocity, displacement, or force.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is Torque?

The turning effect of a force around a fixed axis. It's calculated by multiplying the force by the perpendicular distance from the axis to the force's line of action.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is Moment of Inertia?

A measure of a rotating body's inertia. It resists changes in the body's rotational motion. It's equivalent to mass for linear motion.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is Radius of Gyration?

The perpendicular distance from the axis of rotation to a point where the total mass of the object can be assumed to be concentrated for rotational motion. It's related to the object's shape and how its mass is distributed.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is Angular Momentum?

A measure of a rotating body's rotational motion. It's calculated by multiplying the moment of inertia by the angular velocity.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is the Law of Conservation of Angular Momentum?

The total angular momentum of a system remains constant if no external torque acts on it. This means a rotating body will continue to rotate at a constant angular velocity unless acted upon by an external force.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is Rotational Inertia?

It's the tendency of an object to resist changes in its rotational motion. The more massive the object, the more inertia it has.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is Angular Velocity?

The rate at which angular displacement changes over time. Think of it as how fast an object is spinning.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is Angular Acceleration?

The rate at which angular velocity changes over time. Like linear acceleration, it describes how quickly something is speeding up or slowing down in rotation.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Study Notes

General Physics Phys.101 (Properties of Matter)

  • This course covers the properties of matter
  • The course is instructed by Dr. Maha Reda
  • Learning objectives include understanding physical quantities, fundamental and derived units, different systems of units, defining dimensions, formulating dimensional formulae, writing dimensional equations and applications

Units and Dimensions

  • Physics: The branch of science dealing with the study of nature and properties of matter and energy
  • Physical Quantities: Quantities in terms of which laws of physics can be expressed and measured
  • Measurement: The process of comparing an unknown physical quantity with a known fixed quantity (known as a unit)
  • Unit: A known fixed quantity used for measurement; for example, metre for length
  • Fundamental Units: Independent quantities not dependent on other physical quantities (e.g., mass, length, time)
  • Derived Units: Quantities derived from fundamental quantities (e.g., area, speed)
  • Systems of Units: Common systems used for measurement (e.g., CGS, FPS, MKS, SI)
  • SI system: An improved and extended version of the MKS system of units. It's the International System of Units
  • Advantages of SI System:
    • It's a coherent system where derived units are easily obtained
    • It's a rational system with only one unit per physical quantity
    • It's a metric system allowing for multiples and submultiples expressed in powers of 10
  • Basic Units of SI System:
    • Length: Metre (m)
    • Mass: Kilogram (kg)
    • Time: Second (s)
    • Temperature: Kelvin (K)
    • Electric Current: Ampere (A)
    • Luminous Intensity: Candela (Cd)
    • Amount of Substance: Mole (mol)
  • Supplementary Units of SI System:
    • Plane angle: Radian (rad)
    • Solid angle: Steradian (sr)

Definition of Basic and Supplementary Units

  • Metre (m): The length of the path traveled by light in vaccum during a time interval of 1/299,792,458 of a second
  • Kilogram (kg): The mass of the platinum-iridium prototype kept by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures
  • Second (s): The duration of 9,192,631,770 periods of the radiation corresponding to the transition between two hyperfine levels of the ground state of cesium-133 atom
  • Ampere (A): The intensity of a constant current that, if maintained in two straight parallel conductors of infinite length, negligible circular cross-section, and placed 1 metre apart in vacuum, would produce between these conductors a force equal to 2 × 10⁻⁷ Newton per metre of length
  • Kelvin (K): The fraction 1/273.16 of the thermodynamic temperature of the triple point of water
  • Candela (Cd): The luminous intensity, in a given direction, of a source that emits monochromatic radiation of frequency 540 x 10¹² hertz and that has a radiant intensity in that direction of 1/683 watt per steradian
  • Mole (mol): The amount of substance of a system which contains as many elementary entities as there are atoms in 0.012 kilogram of carbon-12
  • Radian (rad): The plane angle subtended at the center of a circle by an arc of the circle equal to its radius
  • Steradian (sr): The solid angle subtended at the center of a sphere by a surface area of the sphere having magnitude equal to the square of its radius

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Quiz Team

Related Documents

General Physics (Properties of Matter) 2023-2024 PDF

Description

Test your understanding of key concepts in Physics Class 10 with this quiz. Questions cover topics like forces, motion, and the dynamics of objects in circular paths. Challenge yourself and see how well you grasp these fundamental principles!

More Like This

Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Open
Browser
Browser