Physics Class 10: Light and Optics
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Questions and Answers

What happens to the magnetic field when the current flowing through a wire is increased?

  • The magnetic field becomes more concentrated (correct)
  • The magnetic field decreases
  • The magnetic field disappears
  • The magnetic field remains the same

    • In a solenoid, the direction of the magnetic field is the same as the direction of the current flow.

    False

    Name one application of the magnetic effect of a current in everyday devices.

    Loudspeaker

    A ______ is an example of a device that uses the magnetic effect of a current to control electrical circuits.

    <p>relay</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following components to their respective effects or applications:

    <p>Straight wire = Creates a circular magnetic field Solenoid = Generates a uniform magnetic field Loudspeaker = Converts electrical energy into sound Relay = Controls electrical circuits through electromagnetic force</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the key benefits of the Cambridge O Level syllabus?

    <p>It is designed for international learners.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Cambridge O Level Physics syllabus is intended for students aged 14 to 16.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What essential skills does the Cambridge O Level Physics syllabus aim to develop?

    <p>Transferable skills including handling data, practical problem-solving, and applying the scientific method.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Cambridge O Level is for learners whose first language may not be __________.

    <p>English</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a section listed in the Cambridge O Level syllabus?

    <p>Subjective interpretations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following components of the examination process to their descriptions:

    <p>Command words = Terms used to indicate how a question should be answered Grade descriptions = Criteria that classify student performance Making entries = Process of registering for the examination Changes to this syllabus = Updates that affect exam content and structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Understanding the scientific method is not emphasized in the Cambridge O Level Physics syllabus.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What age range is the Cambridge O Level syllabus tailored for?

    <p>14 to 16 years old</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What unit is electric current measured in?

    <p>Amperes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Like charges attract each other.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to electrons during the charging of solids by friction?

    <p>Negative charge is transferred.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Electric current is defined as the ______ passed a point per unit time.

    <p>charge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the direction of an electric field line indicate?

    <p>Direction of force on a positive charge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following terms with their definitions:

    <p>Electric Current = Charge per unit time Electric Field = Region of force around a charge Conductor = Allows free flow of electrons Insulator = Restricts the flow of electrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In electrical conduction in metals, free electrons move to create current.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between direct current (d.c.) and alternating current (a.c.)?

    <p>D.C. flows in one direction; A.C. reverses direction periodically.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes the function of a thin converging lens?

    <p>Focuses parallel rays to a point</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A virtual image is formed by converging rays of light.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula for linear magnification?

    <p>image length / object length</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The _____ of a lens is the distance from the lens to the focal point.

    <p>focal length</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match each type of electromagnetic wave to its application:

    <p>Radio waves = Photography Microwaves = Remote controllers Infrared = Radio and television communications X-rays = Medical imaging</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which color of the visible spectrum has the shortest wavelength?

    <p>Violet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Microwaves are used in Bluetooth technology.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What speed do electromagnetic waves travel in a vacuum?

    <p>3.0 × 10^8 m/s</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Exposure to excessive _____ radiation can cause skin cancer and cataracts.

    <p>ultraviolet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of lens is used to correct long-sightedness?

    <p>Convex lens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum precision required for an ammeter with full scale deflection of 1 A?

    <p>0.05 A</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A d.c. power supply can vary from 0 to 12 V.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of thermistors are specified in the content?

    <p>NTC</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The full scale deflection of the specified voltmeter is _____ V.

    <p>5</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following components with their specifications:

    <p>Ammeter = Full scale deflection 1 A or 1.5 A Voltmeter = Full scale deflection 5 V Resistors = Values within range 5–50 Ω Filament Lamps = Low voltage (e.g., 2.5 V)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Light

    • A thin converging lens brings parallel rays of light together at the principal focus
    • A thin diverging lens spreads out a beam of parallel rays of light
    • The distance between the optical centre of the lens and the principal focus is called the focal length
    • A real image can be projected onto a screen
    • A virtual image cannot be projected onto a screen
    • The magnification of a lens is the ratio of the image size to the object size.
    • A magnifying glass produces a virtual image of an object

    Dispersion of Light

    • When white light passes through a prism, it is split into a spectrum of colours, with red light being refracted the least and violet light being refracted the most.
    • The colours of the visible spectrum, in order of increasing frequency, are: red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet.

    Electromagnetic Spectrum

    • Electromagnetic radiation consists of waves that can travel through a vacuum.
    • The speed of all electromagnetic waves in a vacuum is $3.0 \times 10^8 m/s$
    • The different regions of the electromagnetic spectrum are: radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, X-rays and gamma rays.

    Electrical Charge

    • Charge is a fundamental property of matter that can be either positive or negative.
    • Objects with like charges repel each other, objects with unlike charges attract each other.
    • Charging by friction involves the transfer of electrons from one surface to another.
    • An electric field is a region where a charged object experiences a force.
    • Electrical conductors allow electrons to flow freely through them.
    • Electrical insulators do not allow electrons to flow freely through them.

    Electrical Current

    • Electric current is the rate of flow of charge.
    • The unit of current is the amp (A).
    • The equation for electric current is $I=Q/t$, where $I$ is the current, $Q$ is the charge and $t$ is the time.
    • In a metal, electrical conduction occurs due to the movement of free electrons.
    • Direct current (d.c.) flows in one direction only.
    • Alternating current (a.c.) flows in both directions.
    • Conventional current is defined to flow from the positive terminal to the negative terminal of a battery.
    • The flow of electrons is actually from the negative terminal to the positive terminal.

    Electromagnetic Effects

    • A magnetic field is a region where a magnetic force exists.
    • Magnetic field lines show the direction of the magnetic force at a point.
    • A straight wire carrying a current produces a magnetic field in circular loops around the wire.
    • A solenoid is a coil of wire that produces a strong magnetic field when a current flows through it.
    • The magnetic effect of a current is used in relays and loudspeakers.

    Forces on a Current-Carrying Conductor

    • A force acts on a current-carrying conductor in a magnetic field.
    • The direction of the force depends on the direction of the current and the magnetic field.
    • The force on a current-carrying conductor in a magnetic field can be used to make motors.

    Equipment

    • An ammeter is used to measure electric current
    • A voltmeter is used to measure potential difference
    • A cell is used to provide a source of direct current
    • A crocodile clip is used to connect wires to components
    • A d.c. power supply provides a controllable voltage
    • A diode is a semiconductor device that allows current to flow in only one direction.
    • A light-dependent resistor (LDR) is a resistor whose resistance changes with the intensity of light.
    • A thermistor is a resistor whose resistance changes with temperature.
    • A resistor is a component that resists the flow of electric current
    • A switch is used to open and close a circuit.
    • A filament lamp is a light bulb that uses a thin wire to produce light when heated by an electric current.
    • A constantan wire is a type of wire used in electrical circuits.
    • A nichrome wire is a type of wire that is used for heating elements.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on the properties of light, lenses, and the electromagnetic spectrum in this quiz. Explore concepts such as focal length, image formation, and color dispersion through prisms. Perfect for 10th-grade physics students looking to reinforce their understanding.

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