Physics Chapter on Motion in a Straight Line
7 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

Displacement is not zero; then distance must not be zero

False (B)

Distance is not equal to zero; then displacement may equal to zero

True (A)

Which of the following option is correct for motion in 1-D, without change in direction?

  • Distance > |displacement|
  • Distance < |displacement|
  • Distance ≥ |displacement|
  • Distance = |displacement| (correct)

Which of the following option is never correct for a moving object?

<p>Distance &lt; |displacement| (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The numerical ratio of displacement to distance is..

<p>may be less than 1 or equal to 1 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Displacement independent of choice of frame of reference

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

For a particle moving on parabolic path distance always grater than displacement

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Displacement

The shortest distance between the initial and final positions of an object. It is a vector quantity, meaning it has both magnitude and direction.

Distance

The total path length travelled by an object. It is a scalar quantity, meaning it has only magnitude.

What is the relationship between distance and displacement?

Distance is always greater than or equal to the magnitude of displacement. Distance can never be less than displacement.

What happens to displacement if an object returns to its initial position?

The displacement of an object returning to its starting position is zero, regardless of the distance traveled.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is the relationship between distance and displacement in a straight line with no change in direction?

Distance is equal to the magnitude of displacement when the object moves in a straight line without changing direction.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is the relationship between distance and displacement in a straight line with a change in direction?

Distance is greater than the magnitude of displacement if the object changes direction while moving in a straight line.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is the numerical ratio of displacement to distance?

The numerical ratio of displacement to distance is always less than or equal to 1, and can be equal to 1 only when the object moves in a straight line without changing direction.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Average Speed

The total distance traveled by an object divided by the total time taken. It is a scalar quantity.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Average Velocity

The total displacement of an object divided by the total time taken. It is a vector quantity.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Instantaneous Velocity

The velocity of an object at a particular instant in time. It is the derivative of the position function with respect to time.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Instantaneous Speed

The magnitude of instantaneous velocity. It is the absolute value of the derivative of the position function with respect to time.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is the relationship between average speed and instantaneous speed?

If the instantaneous speed is constant, then the average speed is also constant and equal to the instantaneous speed.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is the relationship between average velocity and instantaneous velocity?

If the instantaneous velocity is variable, then the average velocity can be different from the instantaneous velocity at any particular point in time.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Acceleration

The rate of change of velocity with respect to time. It is a vector quantity.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Uniform Acceleration

Acceleration that remains constant over time.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Non-Uniform Acceleration

Acceleration that changes over time.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is the relationship between velocity and acceleration?

Velocity and acceleration can be in the same or opposite directions. Velocity increases if acceleration is in the same direction, and decreases if acceleration is in the opposite direction.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is the relationship between acceleration and speed?

Acceleration can be non-zero even when the speed is zero. This happens when the object is changing direction.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Motion under Gravity

The motion of an object solely influenced by the force of gravity. This is a case of uniform acceleration.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is the acceleration due to gravity?

The acceleration caused by gravity near the surface of the Earth, approximately 9.8 m/s². It is always directed downward.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is the relationship between time and distance in free fall?

The distance traveled by an object in free fall is proportional to the square of the time it falls.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is the relationship between time and velocity in free fall?

The velocity of an object in free fall increases linearly with time.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is the relationship between initial velocity, final velocity, acceleration, and displacement in uniform acceleration?

The final velocity squared is equal to the initial velocity squared plus twice the acceleration times the displacement.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Rest to Rest Motion

Motion where the object starts from rest and ends at rest. This is a special case of uniformly accelerated motion.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is the relationship between acceleration and time in rest to rest motion?

The total time taken for an object to come to rest from rest is inversely proportional to the acceleration.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is the maximum velocity reached in rest to rest motion?

The maximum velocity reached in rest to rest motion is equal to the product of the acceleration and the time taken to reach maximum velocity.

Signup and view all the flashcards

What is the total distance travelled in rest to rest motion?

The total distance travelled in rest to rest motion is equal to the average velocity multiplied by the total time.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Study Notes

Motion in a Straight Line

  • Distance and Displacement: Distance is the total path length travelled, while displacement is the change in position from the starting point.
  • Displacement can be zero even if the distance is not zero, meaning the starting and ending points are the same. Distance is always greater than or equal to the magnitude of displacement.
  • The numerical ratio of displacement to distance is always less than or equal to one.
  • The displacement is independent of the choice of the frame of reference.

Motion with Constant Acceleration

  • Equations of Motion:

    • v = u + at
    • s = ut + 1/2 at²
    • v² = u² + 2as
    • Where:
      • v = final velocity
      • u = initial velocity
      • a = acceleration
      • s = displacement
      • t = time

  • Motion under Gravity: Motion under gravity can be treated as a special case of constant acceleration, where the acceleration is due to gravity (approximately 9.8 m/s² downwards). This applies to objects falling freely or projected vertically upwards.

  • Important Concepts in this Section: Time of flight, Maximum height, velocity at any time and distance covered at any time for objects projected vertically upwards are all important considerations.

Relative Velocity

  • Relative Velocity of Two Objects Moving in Same Direction: The relative velocity of object B with respect to A is the difference between the velocity of object B and the velocity of object A. Example: If object A's velocity is 4 m/s and object B's velocity is 10 m/s, then the relative velocity of B with respect to A is 10 m/s - 4 m/s = 6 m/s.
  • Relative Velocity of Two Objects Moving in Opposite Directions: The relative velocity of object B with respect to A is the sum of the velocity of object B and the velocity of object A. Example: If object A's velocity is 10 m/s and object B's velocity is 25 m/s, then the relative velocity of B with respect to A is 10 m/s + 25 m/s = 35 m/s.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Quiz Team

Related Documents

Motion in a Straight Line PDF

Description

This quiz covers key concepts in motion, including distance, displacement, and equations of motion under constant acceleration. It highlights the differences between distance and displacement, as well as the equations used to calculate motion under gravity. Test your knowledge and grasp the fundamentals of physics!

More Like This

Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Open
Browser
Browser