Physics Chapter: Electrostatics and Inductance

A property of matter that causes it to experience a force in an electromagnetic field.

A law stating that the force between two charges is proportional to the product of their charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.

The SI unit of electric charge, defined as the amount of charge transported by a constant current of one ampere in one second.

Electrons that are not bound to an atom and can move freely within a material, contributing to electrical conduction.

A constant used in Coulomb's Law to calculate the force between two charges, equal to 9 × 10^9 N·m²/C².

Capacitance is the ability of a system to store charge per voltage and is measured in farads (F).

1 F equals the capacitance of a capacitor that stores 1 coulomb of charge at 1 volt.

The total capacitance (C) for capacitors in series is given by the equation 1/C_total = 1/C1 + 1/C2 + 1/C3.

The capacitance value indicates how much charge a capacitor can store per unit voltage (C/volt).

For combined capacitors in an arrangement, total capacitance LAB = L1 + L2 + L3 for parallel configurations.

The rate at which electrical energy is transferred, expressed in watts (W). P = VI

A material that does not conduct electricity well, like plastic.

The component that generates heat, typically made of nichrome wire.

A device used in temperature control, made of two different metals that expand differently when heated.

A type of resistor whose resistance changes with temperature, often used in devices for temperature sensing.

The opposition to the flow of electric current, measured in ohms (Ω).

The relationship between voltage (V), current (I), and resistance (R): V = IR.

The voltage developed by a battery or cell under load, driving current through a circuit.

The temperature range within which electrical components operate safely without damage.

The energy provided by a cell or battery per coulomb of charge, measured in volts.

The standard unit for electromotive force is the Volt (V).

The total resistance to the flow of current in an AC circuit, measured in ohms.

The flow of electric charge measured in Amperes (A).

The device used for heating such as an electric kettle, typically relying on resistive heating.

The number of cycles per second in an electrical signal, measured in Hertz (Hz).

The electrical potential difference between two points in a circuit, providing energy to move charge.

Bureau of Indian Standards, the national standards body of India.

Class D fires involve combustible metals such as magnesium or sodium.

The ability of a system to store an electrical charge, measured in farads (F).

Insulating materials that do not conduct electricity but can store electric energy.

Unit of current density, measuring current flow per unit area.

Stage in the process of matter, particularly in relation to electric circuit behavior.

The amount of electric current flowing per unit area of a conductor.

Standard International Unit, which is the modern metric system of measurement.

A unit of energy equivalent to 1000 watt-hours.

1 KWH is equal to 36 × 10^5 Joules.

A unit of energy representing one watt of power used for one hour.

Energy can be expressed in Joules, like 3.6 × 10^5 J.

Alternating Current (AC) and Direct Current (DC) describe two types of electrical current flow.

Conversion between different energy units, like KWH to Joules.

Power is energy divided by time, often measured in watts.

Example given in the content includes energy values like 36 × 10^5 J.