Electrostatics Test Review Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What does it mean to attract?

To have no effect on a body

To exert a force on a body that tends to cause an approach (correct)

To push away from a body

To change the charge of a body

What is conduction?

Contact/touching with a charged object

What is a conductor?

Material that allows charge to move easily, gives up electrons

What does Coulombs refer to?

Charge (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is Coulomb's Law?

F=kq1q2/d^2 Signup and view all the answers

What is an electroscope?

Tells how much electron charge is present/detects charge Signup and view all the answers

What is electrostatics?

The study of electric charge held in one place Signup and view all the answers

What is the direction of electric field lines?

Forces from positive to positive are repulsive, forces from positive to negative are attractive Signup and view all the answers

Positive _____ Negative

repels Signup and view all the answers

Negative _____ Positive

attracts Signup and view all the answers

What is electric field strength (E)?

E=F/q Signup and view all the answers

What is the elementary charge?

Magnitude of charge on one electron Signup and view all the answers

What is grounding?

Allowing the charge a path to Earth Signup and view all the answers

What does induction refer to?

Charging without contact Signup and view all the answers

What is an insulator?

Does not allow charge to move, does not give up electrons Signup and view all the answers

Taking electrons from the carpet makes your feet _____

negative Signup and view all the answers

Charged objects attract ______

neutral objects Signup and view all the answers

Pulling the hat off, the electrons are pulled off hair. The hair is ________.

positive Signup and view all the answers

What is the separation of charge?

Polarization, where positive and negative charges separate Signup and view all the answers

What is voltage (V)?

Acts as an electron pump, potential difference is needed to flow Signup and view all the answers

What is electric current?

Flow of electric charges (moving electrons) Signup and view all the answers

What is electric resistance (R)?

How conductive a material is the current flows through Signup and view all the answers

What is Ohm's Law?

V=IR Signup and view all the answers

What is electric power (P)?

Watts (W) Signup and view all the answers

What is the unit for electric current?

Amperes Signup and view all the answers

What is the unit for electric resistance?

Ohms Signup and view all the answers

High resistance creates friction and thus _______

heat Signup and view all the answers

What is the unit for electric field strength?

N/C Signup and view all the answers

What is Coulomb's constant?

9.0 x 10^9 Nm^2/C^2 Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the force when the distance doubles?

Inversely proportional to distance, F is quartered Signup and view all the answers

What is the charge of one electron?

1.60 x 10^-19 coulombs Signup and view all the answers

How many electrons are in one Coulomb?

6.25 x 10^18 electrons Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for force based on Coulomb's Law?

F=kq1q2/d^2 Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for electric field strength?

E=F/q Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula relating voltage, current, and resistance?

V=IR Signup and view all the answers

What is the power formula?

P=IV Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Electrostatics Concepts

Attract: A force that brings bodies closer together.
Conduction: Involves direct contact with a charged object to transfer charge.
Conductor: A material, like metals, that facilitates the easy movement of electric charge.
Coulombs: The unit of electric charge represented as "C".

Fundamental Laws

Coulomb's Law: Defines the force between two charges; it is inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them and directly proportional to the product of the charges: F = k(q1*q2)/d².

Measurement Tools

Electroscope: An instrument used to detect and measure the presence of electric charge.
Electric Field: Describes how a charged particle influences other charges around it; attractive or repulsive forces depend on the nature of the charges involved.

Electric Charge Properties

Positive Charges: Repel positive charges and attract negative charges.
Negative Charges: Attract positive charges, creating various interaction scenarios.
Electric Field Lines: Visual representation of electric field strength and direction, indicating how charges will interact.

Key Electrical Concepts

Electric Field Strength (E): Calculated using the formula E = F/q, where F is force and q is charge.
Elementary Charge: The charge of a single electron, approximately 1.60 x 10^-19 C.
Grounding: Provides a pathway for excess charge to safely dissipate into the Earth.

Charging Methods

Induction: A method of charging objects without direct contact, leading to polarization.
Insulator: Materials that do not allow charge movement (e.g., rubber, glass) and do not release electrons.

Charge States

Negative Charge: Results from gaining electrons.
Neutral Charge: Generated when charged objects attract uncharged objects.
Positive Charge: Arises from the loss of electrons (e.g., hair losing electrons when removing a hat).

Additional Electrical Terminology

Voltage (V): The potential difference acting as an electron pump, essential for current flow.
Electric Current (I): The movement of electric charges in a unified direction, measured in Amperes.
Electric Resistance (R): A measure of how much a material opposes the flow of current, measured in Ohms.

Fundamental Equations

Ohm's Law: Relates voltage, current, and resistance: V = IR.
Electric Power (P): The rate of electrical energy transfer, calculated with P = IV.

Units of Measurement

Electric Current: Measured in Amperes (A).
Electric Resistance: Measured in Ohms (Ω).
Electric Field Strength: Measured in Newtons per Coulomb (N/C).

Constants and Calculations

Coulomb's Constant: Value is approximately 9.0 x 10^9 Nm²/C².
Charge Relationships: 1 Coulomb equals approximately 6.25 x 10^18 electrons, emphasizing the scale of charge.

Additional Facts

Heat Generation: High resistance in materials causes friction, which leads to heat production during current flow.
Force Relationship: The force between charges decreases when distance doubles, decreasing proportionality as 1/d².

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Description

Prepare for your exam with this set of flashcards focused on key concepts in electrostatics. Each card features important terms and their definitions, covering essential ideas like attraction, conduction, and Coulomb's Law. Use these to solidify your understanding of charges and forces for your upcoming test.