Physics Chapter: Charged Particles & Magnetism
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Questions and Answers

Match the colloidal systems from List-I with their examples in List-II.

  • (a) i ; (b) ii ; (c) iii ; (d) iv
  • (a) iii ; (b) iv ; (c) ii ; (d) i
  • (a) ii ; (b) iv ; (c) iii ; (d) i (correct)
  • (a) iv ; (b) iii ; (c) i ; (d) ii

    • What type of colloid is butter classified as?

  • Emulsion (correct)
  • Solid sol
  • Aerosol
  • Gel

    • What effect does the Frenkel defect have on the density of crystalline solids?

  • Decreases the density
  • No effect on density (correct)
  • Causes variability in density
  • Increases the density

    • Which statement best explains the reason behind the assertion regarding the Frenkel defect?

    <p>No ions leave the crystal structure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Identify the colloidal system represented by opal.

    <p>Gel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of colloidal systems, which of the following best describes an aerosol?

    <p>Liquid droplets suspended in gas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of colloidal solution is correctly matched with its example?

    <p>Aerosol - Rain cloud</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of a solid sol?

    <p>Solid particles are uniformly dispersed in a liquid.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which combination of HCl and NaOH will produce a solution with a pH of 2?

    <p>75 ml of 5 M HCl + 25 ml of 5 M NaOH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the freezing point of a solution made by dissolving 0.5 mol of NaCl in 500g of water?

    <p>-3.6 °C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following pairs will have the same effect on boiling point elevation?

    <p>1.0 mol KCl in 500g of water</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the molarity of an acid affect the resulting pH after neutralization with a strong base?

    <p>Higher molarity yields lower pH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the boiling point of a solution containing 0.5 mol of NaCl in 500g of water?

    <p>101 °C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following factors will have the greatest impact on the freezing point of a solution?

    <p>Concentration of the solute</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If 100 ml of 10 M HCl is mixed with 100 ml of 10 M NaOH, what will be the resultant pH?

    <p>7</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many moles of protons correspond to 1 kg of protons?

    <p>6</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the magnification when an object is placed at the focus before a concave mirror?

    <p>-1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which option matches the position of the object at a distance equal to focal length before a convex mirror?

    <p>Magnification is -∞</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If an object is positioned at the center of curvature before a concave mirror, what is the resulting magnification?

    <p>0.5</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct magnification if an object is placed at a distance equal to the radius of curvature before a convex mirror?

    <p>0.33</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What corresponds to the placement of an object at the focus before a convex mirror?

    <p>Magnification is ∞</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For an object located at the distance of radius of curvature before a concave mirror, which magnification is observed?

    <p>1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct answer for placement I at a distance equal to radius of curvature before a convex mirror?

    <p>Magnification is -0.33</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If an object is placed in front of a concave mirror at the focal point, what is the resulting magnification?

    <p>∞</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For placement II at the center of curvature before a concave mirror, which magnification is accurate?

    <p>0.5</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the magnification associated with an object placed at the center of curvature before a convex mirror?

    <p>0.5</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the potential energy at the point (0, 5) for a mass of 1 kg, assuming the gravitational field is E = (5N/Kg)^i + (12N/Kg)^j?

    <p>–60 J</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a particle is undergoing simple harmonic motion with an amplitude A and a time interval T/4, what is the maximum average velocity during this interval?

    <p>2√–2A</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In simple harmonic motion, when a particle is at a distance x1 from the mean position with velocity v1 and at a distance x2 with velocity v2, which formula allows you to find its angular frequency?

    <p>$ rac{v1^2 - v2^2}{x1^2 - x2^2}$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the gravitational potential energy associated with a position (0, 0) if the field is E = (5N/Kg)^i + (12N/Kg)^j?

    <p>0 J</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For a mass undergoing SHM, what is true about the relationship between velocity and displacement at maximum amplitude?

    <p>Velocity is zero at maximum displacement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'mean position' refer to in the context of simple harmonic motion?

    <p>The equilibrium position of the oscillating mass.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the gravitational field vector affect potential energy in a gravitational field defined as E = (5N/Kg)^i + (12N/Kg)^j?

    <p>The potential energy depends linearly on the distance from the origin.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes the relationship between the period T and the angular frequency ω in simple harmonic motion?

    <p>T = 2π/ω</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If the radius for an alpha particle in a magnetic field is $r_1 = 2$ cm, what is the radius for protons?

    <p>4 cm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The magnetic moment μ for a charged particle moving in a circle of circumference ℓ with speed v is given by which expression?

    <p>$qv\ell$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the radius of the proton compare to that of the alpha particle if both are entering the same magnetic field?

    <p>It is greater than the radius of the alpha particle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which scenario will the radius of the particle's path in a magnetic field increase?

    <p>Increasing the particle's velocity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor does NOT affect the magnetic moment of a charged particle moving in a circular path?

    <p>Mass of the particle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the speed and radius of a charged particle in a uniform magnetic field?

    <p>Directly proportional to each other.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If the magnetic field strength is doubled, what is the effect on the radius of the path of a charged particle?

    <p>It is halved.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula for the magnetic moment μ in terms of charge q, speed v, and radius r?

    <p>$qvr$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Motion of Charged Particles in a Magnetic Field

    • An alpha particle and a proton are accelerated through the same potential difference and then enter a magnetic field of strength B.
    • The radius of the path of the alpha particle is 2 cm.
    • The radius of the path of the proton is determined by the mass-to-charge ratio (m/q) of the particle and the magnetic field strength.
    • Since the proton has a lower mass-to-charge ratio than the alpha particle, its radius of curvature in the magnetic field will be smaller than that of the alpha particle.

    Magnetic Moment of a Moving Charge

    • A charge particle of charge q moving in a circle of circumference ℓ with uniform speed v has an associated magnetic moment μ.
    • The magnetic moment is directly proportional to the charge, the speed, and the circumference of the circle.

    Potential Energy of a Square Loop in a Magnetic Field

    • A square loop is placed in a uniform magnetic field B.
    • The potential energy of the loop is given by U = -mBcosθ, where m is the magnetic moment of the loop and θ is the angle between the magnetic moment and the magnetic field.
    • If the origin is taken at zero potential energy, then the potential energy at (0, 5) is determined by the angle between the magnetic moment of the loop and the magnetic field at that point.

    Average Velocity in Simple Harmonic Motion

    • A particle performing simple harmonic motion with amplitude A and time period T has a maximum average velocity in a time interval T/4.
    • The maximum average velocity is given by 2√2A/T.

    Angular Frequency in Simple Harmonic Motion

    • The angular frequency (ω) of a particle performing simple harmonic motion can be calculated using its velocity (v) and displacement (x) from the mean position.
    • The equation is ω = √(v^2/A^2-x^2), where A is the amplitude of the oscillation.

    Magnification in Mirrors

    • The magnification (M) of a mirror is the ratio of the size of the image to the size of the object.
    • The magnification of a convex mirror is always less than 1, while the magnification of a concave mirror can be greater than, less than, or equal to 1 depending on the position of the object.

    pH of Solutions

    • The pH of a solution is a measure of its acidity or alkalinity.
    • A solution with a pH of 2 is acidic.
    • The pH of a solution can be calculated using the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) in the solution.

    Freezing and Boiling Points of Solutions

    • The freezing point and boiling point of a solution are affected by the presence of a solute.
    • The freezing point of a solution is lower than the freezing point of the pure solvent, and the boiling point of a solution is higher than the boiling point of the pure solvent.
    • The change in freezing point and boiling point depends on the molality of the solute in the solution.

    Types of Colloidal Solutions

    • Colloidal solutions are mixtures where the particles are dispersed throughout a medium.
    • Examples of colloidal solutions include rain clouds (aerosol), butter (emulsion), opal (solid sol), and minerals (sol).

    Frenkel Defect

    • The Frenkel defect is a type of point defect in a crystalline solid where an ion leaves its lattice site and occupies an interstitial position.
    • This type of defect does not change the density of the crystal.

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    Description

    Explore the motion of charged particles in magnetic fields, focusing on the behavior of alpha particles and protons. Understand concepts like magnetic moments and the potential energy of loops in a magnetic field. Test your knowledge and grasp these fundamental principles of electromagnetism.

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