Physics Chapter 2: Forces and Motion

Resultant Vector

• The combined effect of multiple forces acting on an object
• Represents the single force that would have the same effect as all the individual forces

Normal Force

• Force exerted by a surface on an object in contact with it
• Always acts perpendicular to the surface

Newton's First Law of Motion

• Also known as the law of inertia
• An object at rest will stay at rest, and an object in motion will stay in motion at a constant velocity unless acted upon by an unbalanced force

Newton's Second Law of Motion

• Defines the relationship between force, mass, and acceleration
• Acceleration is directly proportional to the net force and inversely proportional to the mass
• Formula: F = ma (Force = mass x acceleration)

Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation

• Every object in the universe attracts every other object
• The force of attraction is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them
• Formula: F = G(m1m2)/r^2 (G is the gravitational constant, m1 and m2 are the masses of the objects, and r is the distance between them)

Coulomb's Law

• Describes the electrostatic force between two point charges
• Force is directly proportional to the product of the charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them
• Formula: F = k(q1q2)/r^2 (k is Coulomb's constant, q1 and q2 are the charges, and r is the distance between them)

Faraday's Law of Electromagnetic Induction

• An electromotive force (EMF) is induced in a closed circuit when there is a change in magnetic flux through the circuit
• The induced EMF is directly proportional to the rate of change of magnetic flux
• Formula: EMF = -dΦ/dt (Φ is the magnetic flux and t is time)

Ohm's Law

• For a material at a constant temperature, the current flowing through a conductor is directly proportional to the potential difference across its ends
• Formula: V = IR (V is the voltage across the conductor, I is the current flowing through it, and R is the resistance)

Test your understanding of key concepts from Physics Chapter 2, including resultant vector, normal force, and Newton's laws of motion. This quiz covers essential principles like inertia and universal gravitation. Challenge yourself and see how well you grasp these fundamental ideas in physics!