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Questions and Answers
Which factor does NOT contribute to low back pain?
Which factor does NOT contribute to low back pain?
What is the mechanism of injury for the posterior cruciate ligament?
What is the mechanism of injury for the posterior cruciate ligament?
What is a strangulated stump with distal edema commonly referred to as?
What is a strangulated stump with distal edema commonly referred to as?
How can a patient reduce the risk for deep venous thrombosis?
How can a patient reduce the risk for deep venous thrombosis?
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Which structure can cause posterior interosseous nerve compression?
Which structure can cause posterior interosseous nerve compression?
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At what age can a hearing aid be given to a hearing impaired child?
At what age can a hearing aid be given to a hearing impaired child?
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Which involuntary movement is least likely to respond to physical or occupational therapy?
Which involuntary movement is least likely to respond to physical or occupational therapy?
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What is the most objective test for diagnosing Carpal Tunnel Syndrome?
What is the most objective test for diagnosing Carpal Tunnel Syndrome?
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Which condition is characterized by a short or absent neck due to fusion of cervical vertebrae?
Which condition is characterized by a short or absent neck due to fusion of cervical vertebrae?
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In mat activities for a T11 paraplegic who wishes to roll from supine to prone, which technique is NOT applicable?
In mat activities for a T11 paraplegic who wishes to roll from supine to prone, which technique is NOT applicable?
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Which milestone is not expected to be achieved before 9 months of age for a normal baby?
Which milestone is not expected to be achieved before 9 months of age for a normal baby?
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What is the average effort required for stair climbing in METS?
What is the average effort required for stair climbing in METS?
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In anterior spinal cord syndrome, which sensation is preserved?
In anterior spinal cord syndrome, which sensation is preserved?
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Which condition is characterized by painful dysesthesias at the soles and toes with weakness of the intrinsic muscles of the foot?
Which condition is characterized by painful dysesthesias at the soles and toes with weakness of the intrinsic muscles of the foot?
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What cardiac complication is a consequence of immobilization?
What cardiac complication is a consequence of immobilization?
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Which activity is NOT expected to be performed independently by a C7 quadriplegic patient?
Which activity is NOT expected to be performed independently by a C7 quadriplegic patient?
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What is the MOST appropriate physical therapy goal for a child with Duchenne muscular dystrophy?
What is the MOST appropriate physical therapy goal for a child with Duchenne muscular dystrophy?
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Children with trisomy 21 should avoid contact sports primarily due to which reason?
Children with trisomy 21 should avoid contact sports primarily due to which reason?
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A suction suspension for an above-knee prosthesis is typically indicated in which population?
A suction suspension for an above-knee prosthesis is typically indicated in which population?
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Which spinal cord injury level is at the highest risk for autonomic dysreflexia?
Which spinal cord injury level is at the highest risk for autonomic dysreflexia?
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For Carpal Tunnel Syndrome, what position does a static wrist orthosis typically place the wrist in?
For Carpal Tunnel Syndrome, what position does a static wrist orthosis typically place the wrist in?
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Which type of exercise is not recommended for patients with osteoporosis?
Which type of exercise is not recommended for patients with osteoporosis?
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Volkmann's ischemic contracture is associated with a fracture of which bone?
Volkmann's ischemic contracture is associated with a fracture of which bone?
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A person's maximum heart rate can be estimated by subtracting their age from which value?
A person's maximum heart rate can be estimated by subtracting their age from which value?
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Which disorder is classified as a neuromuscular junction disorder?
Which disorder is classified as a neuromuscular junction disorder?
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What stage of emotional adjustment is characterized by anger and non-compliance to rehabilitation?
What stage of emotional adjustment is characterized by anger and non-compliance to rehabilitation?
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For which condition is an anterior stop in an AFO mainly used?
For which condition is an anterior stop in an AFO mainly used?
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What is the major complication associated with pressure ulcers?
What is the major complication associated with pressure ulcers?
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Where is the most common site of pressure ulcers in individuals on bed rest?
Where is the most common site of pressure ulcers in individuals on bed rest?
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Which classification of cerebral palsy is often secondary to Rh incompatibility?
Which classification of cerebral palsy is often secondary to Rh incompatibility?
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What type of skin graft involves a donor from a different patient?
What type of skin graft involves a donor from a different patient?
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Which statement is true regarding fertility in female patients with spinal cord injuries?
Which statement is true regarding fertility in female patients with spinal cord injuries?
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What should be the primary focus of care for a patient with a 7-year history of Parkinson’s disease who is ambulatory but requires close supervision?
What should be the primary focus of care for a patient with a 7-year history of Parkinson’s disease who is ambulatory but requires close supervision?
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What is the most appropriate recommendation for an elderly patient in early stages of ALS who refuses to use a bedpan?
What is the most appropriate recommendation for an elderly patient in early stages of ALS who refuses to use a bedpan?
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In treating a patient with late-stage bronchial carcinoma, which treatment should be prioritized?
In treating a patient with late-stage bronchial carcinoma, which treatment should be prioritized?
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What does decreased breath sounds and decreased fremitus most likely indicate in a respiratory assessment?
What does decreased breath sounds and decreased fremitus most likely indicate in a respiratory assessment?
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Where is the respiratory center located in the brain?
Where is the respiratory center located in the brain?
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What is the normal volume of dead space air in the lungs?
What is the normal volume of dead space air in the lungs?
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In the context of gait deviations for an AK prosthesis, which issue does NOT typically occur during the swing phase?
In the context of gait deviations for an AK prosthesis, which issue does NOT typically occur during the swing phase?
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Which of the following conditions is characterized by increased fremitus during a respiratory assessment?
Which of the following conditions is characterized by increased fremitus during a respiratory assessment?
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Study Notes
Klippel-Feil Syndrome
- Characterized by a short or absent neck due to fusion of cervical vertebrae.
Paraplegia
- T11 Paraplegic rolling from supine to prone:
- Techniques include flexion of the trunk, crossing the ankles, and bilateral UE rocking with outstretched arms.
- Extension of the head and neck is NOT recommended.
Infant Development
- Milestones expected by 9 months of age:
- Creeping
- Rolling from prone to supine
- Sitting independently
- Cruising
METS
- Average stair-climbing effort requires 6-8 METS.
Anterior Spinal Cord Syndrome
- Unilateral loss of temperature.
- Sacral sparing occurs.
- Pain and temperature sensations are intact.
- Proprioception and position sense are spared.
Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome
- Characterized by painful dysesthesias at the soles and toes, with weakness of the intrinsic foot muscles.
Immobilization and Cardiac Complications
- Immobilization can lead to decreased cardiac output and increased cardiac size.
- Stroke volume and heart rate may be affected.
Quadriplegia
- C7 quadriplegic patients should be able to perform independently:
- Sitting board transfer
- Sliding board transfer
- Wheelchair to car transfer
- Floor to wheelchair transfer is NOT typically expected independently.
Downhill Running
- Commonly associated with Achilles tendonitis.
Low Back Pain Contributing Factors
- Height, age, and smoking can contribute to low back pain.
- Muscle strength is NOT typically considered a contributing factor.
Posterior Cruciate Ligament Injury
- Mechanism of injury:
- Forceful landing on anterior tibia with knee hyperflexed.
Strangulated Stump
- Characterized by a strangulated stump with distal edema.
Deep Venous Thrombosis Risk Reduction
- Elevating the leg reduces the risk of deep venous thrombosis.
- Shallow breaths, dangling the head, and immobilization do not reduce the risk.
Posterior Interosseous Nerve Compression
- Structures that can compress the posterior interosseous nerve include:
- Ligament of Struthers
- Arcade of Frohse
- Pronator teres
- Osborne's fascia
Hearing Aid Use
- A hearing aid can be given to a hearing-impaired child starting at 3 years old.
Involuntary Movements
- Chorea is an involuntary movement that does not respond to physical or occupational therapy.
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Diagnosis
- The most objective test for diagnosing Carpal Tunnel Syndrome is EMG-NCV.
Athletic Trauma
- The most common site of athletic trauma to joints and overuse injury is the knee.
Superficial Peroneal Nerve Innervation
- Innervates the skin on the web space between the first and second toes.
Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
- The most appropriate physical therapy goal is the prevention of contractures and determination of the best method of mobility.
Trisomy 21 and Contact Sports
- Children with Trisomy 21 should be advised NOT to engage in contact sports due to their predisposition to atlanto-axial instability.
Suction Suspension Prosthesis
- Usually indicated for children with above-knee prostheses.
Autonomic Dysreflexia
- SC1 patients at the T10-T12 level are at the highest risk for autonomic dysreflexia.
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Orthosis
- Static wrist orthosis for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome positions the wrist at 0-18 degrees of extension.
Osteoporotic Patient Exercise
- Avoid trunk flexion exercises for patients with osteoporosis.
- Weight-bearing exercises, swimming, and bicycling are recommended.
Volkmann's Ischemic Contracture
- A complication of a fracture of the radius.
Benign Tumors
- Osteogenic sarcoma is NOT a benign tumor.
- Osteoma, osteochondroma, and chondroma are benign tumors.
Maximum Heart Rate Estimation
- Estimated by subtracting age from 220.
Froment's Test
- Tests the function of the ulnar nerve.
Neuromuscular Junction Disorders
- Myasthenia gravis is a disorder of the neuromuscular junction.
Emotional Adjustment Disability Stages
- The anger reaction stage is characterized by animosity, anger, negativism, and non-compliance with rehabilitation procedures.
AFO Anterior Stop
- Used in patients with weak calf muscles.
Pressure Ulcer Complications
- The most common complication associated with pressure ulcers is infection.
Pressure Ulcer Location
- The most common site for pressure ulcers in bed-level patients is the sacrum.
Cerebral Palsy Classification
- Spastic cerebral palsy can be secondary to Rh incompatibility or kernicterus.
Skin Grafts
- A heterograft (xenograft) is a skin graft taken from a donor of a different species.
Spinal Cord Injury and Fertility
- The ability to bear children is usually NOT affected for women with spinal cord injuries.
Prosthetic Hand Pinch
- Prosthetic hands provide a 3-jaw chuck pinch.
Object Identification
- Sensory testing with object identification should be performed in a quiet environment, ideally the patient's room.
Parkinson's Disease
- The focus of physical therapy for a patient with Parkinson's disease is to address mobility and safety concerns like falls. This includes:
- Transfer and wheelchair training
- Caregiver training for contact guarding during level walking and stairs
- Locomotor training using a rolling walker
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)
- Physical therapy for early-stage ALS focuses on maintaining functional independence and addressing mobility challenges:
- Recommend use of a commode chair for the bedroom.
Palliative Care
- The most important aspect of physical therapy in palliative care is to provide pain control and comfort for patients with late-stage conditions.
Respiratory Assessment
- Decreased breath sounds and decreased fremitus are most indicative of atelectasis.
Respiratory System
- The respiratory center is located in the pons and medulla oblongata.
- The normal volume of dead space air is approximately 150 ml.
AK Prosthesis Gait Deviations
- Swing phase deviations can include:
- Insufficient knee flexion
- Excessive knee flexion
- Knee hyperextension
- Inadequate foot clearance
- Circumduction
- Abduction/Adduction
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Description
This quiz covers various physical therapy conditions, including Klippel-Feil Syndrome, Paraplegia, and Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome. Additionally, it addresses infant development milestones and the implications of immobilization on cardiac health. Test your knowledge on these critical topics in physical rehabilitation and development.
