Physical Science Density Practice Problems LT 3 & 4

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Questions and Answers

What is the density of tin if its mass is 16.52 g and its volume is 2.26 cm³?

7.31 g/cm³ (correct)

6.25 g/cm³

9.45 g/cm³

8.22 g/cm³

If a liquid has a mass of 163 g and a volume of 50.0 cm³, what is its density?

5.00 g/cm³

2.00 g/cm³

6.50 g/cm³

3.26 g/cm³ (correct)

What is the mass of pine wood if its volume is 800 cm³ and its density is 0.5 g/cm³?

600 g

400 g (correct)

800 g

200 g

A metal's mass is 325 g and its density is 9.0 g/cm³. What is its volume?

36.11 cm³ Signup and view all the answers

If the density of water is 1 g/cm³, what is the mass of 150,000 cm³ of water?

150,000 g Signup and view all the answers

What is the volume of copper if the initial water level is 40.0 mL and the final water level is 63.4 mL?

23.4 mL Signup and view all the answers

If a substance has a mass of 0.36 g and a volume of 2500 cm³, what is its density?

0.000144 g/cm³ Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes accuracy in scientific measurement?

How close a measurement is to the true value. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of an electronic balance in measuring mass?

To provide a digital readout for accurate mass measurement. Signup and view all the answers

When measuring the mass of a substance with a tray, what is the procedure?

Weigh the tray, then weigh the tray with substance and subtract the first measurement. Signup and view all the answers

What is the meniscus when using a graduated cylinder?

The bottom curve of the liquid surface in the cylinder. Signup and view all the answers

What would happen if you mistakenly read the highest point of the meniscus?

You would obtain a volume that is 1 mL higher than the correct measurement. Signup and view all the answers

What was the cause of the Mars Climate Orbiter flying off course?

Human error with measurement units. Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to use a standard system of measurement in science?

To ensure consistency and accuracy across experiments. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT one of the seven basic SI units?

Liter (volume) Signup and view all the answers

What maximum volume can the graduated cylinder mentioned in the content measure?

100 mL Signup and view all the answers

What does the concept of precision in measurement refer to?

How close measurements are to each other Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a correct unit for measuring density?

g/mL Signup and view all the answers

If a block of aluminum has a mass of 8.1 g and a volume of 3 cm³, what is its density?

2.7 g/cm³ Signup and view all the answers

What is the most appropriate measuring tool for obtaining accurate liquid volume?

Graduated cylinder Signup and view all the answers

What is the SI unit of length equivalent to 0.001 meters?

millimeter (mm) Signup and view all the answers

How should you approach solving a density problem using a scientific formula?

List the givens, write the formula, and then plug in your numbers Signup and view all the answers

What is the prefix used for a unit multiplied by 1000 in the SI system?

kilo- (k) Signup and view all the answers

When converting from SI units to English units, what is essential for accuracy?

Using a consistent measurement system Signup and view all the answers

How many inches are there in 2.5 meters?

78.74 in Signup and view all the answers

In SI units, which of the following is the basic unit of mass?

kilogram (kg) Signup and view all the answers

If water has a density of 1 g/mL, what is the mass of 75 mL of water?

75 g Signup and view all the answers

What is the volume of a piece of iron with a mass of 31.6 g and a density of 7.9 g/mL?

4.0 mL Signup and view all the answers

What is the SI unit that is one-millionth (0.000001) of a meter called?

micrometer (µm) Signup and view all the answers

If Rod needs 39.37 inches of wire, how much will he have if he buys 1.5 yards?

60 in Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following conversions is incorrect?

1 m = 30.48 in Signup and view all the answers

What factor does the prefix 'nano-' represent in the SI system?

0.000000001 Signup and view all the answers

What is density a measure of?

The amount of matter in a given space Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about density is true?

More tightly packed particles result in greater density. Signup and view all the answers

If a bowling ball feels heavier than a volleyball, what can be inferred about the densities?

The bowling ball has a higher density than the volleyball. Signup and view all the answers

Using the formula for density, what is the density of an object that has a mass of 5 kg and a volume of 50 cm³?

10 kg/cm³ Signup and view all the answers

Which phenomenon can be explained by differences in density?

Why ice floats on water Signup and view all the answers

What would happen to a helium balloon in air, based on its density?

It would rise until it reaches the ceiling. Signup and view all the answers

If a liquid has a mass of 300 g and a volume of 30 mL, which of the following is the calculated density?

10 g/mL Signup and view all the answers

In what way does density explain ocean currents like the Gulf Stream?

Currents flow from high-density areas to low-density areas. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Density Fundamentals

Density is the mass per unit volume of a material.
Density formula: ( D = \frac{m}{V} ), where ( D ) is density, ( m ) is mass, and ( V ) is volume.
Common units: grams per cubic centimeter (g/cm³) or grams per milliliter (g/mL).

Density Calculation Examples

Density of Tin: Mass = 16.52 g, Volume = 2.26 cm³, Density = 7.31 g/cm³.
Density of Liquid: Mass = 163 g, Volume = 50.0 cm³, Density = 3.26 g/cm³.
Density of Wood: Mass = 25 g, Volume = 35 cm³, Density = 0.71 g/cm³.
Mass of Pine: Volume = 800 cm³, Density = 0.5 g/cm³, Mass = 400 g.
Volume of Metal: Mass = 325 g, Density = 9.0 g/cm³, Volume = 36.11 cm³.
Mass of Water: Volume = 150,000 cm³, Mass = 150,000 g (density = 1 g/cm³).
Volume Displacement for Copper: Initial water level = 40.0 mL, Final = 63.4 mL, Volume of copper = 23.4 mL, Density = 8.9 g/cm³, Mass = 208.26 g.
Density of a Substance: Mass = 0.36 g, Volume = 2500 cm³, Density = 0.000144 g/cm³.

Measurement Precision

Accuracy: Closeness of a measurement to the true value.
Precision: Closeness of repeated measurements to each other.
Examples: Accurate shots in golf land in the hole; precise shots land close together.

Measurement Techniques

Length: Use a metric ruler; record in mm and cm.
Mass: Use a balance (triple beam or electronic).
Volume: Use a graduated cylinder; read the meniscus.

International System of Units (SI)

Standardized measurement system used in science (meters for length, kilograms for mass).
SI units are based on powers of ten for easy conversion.
Prefixes for SI units: kilo- (1000), deci- (0.1), centi- (0.01), milli- (0.001), micro- (0.000001), nano- (0.000000001).

Unit Conversion

Examples of conversions between SI and English units.
1 meter = 39.37 inches, 1 kilogram = 2.20 pounds.

Practical Applications

Understand how differences in density explain phenomena, like why helium balloons rise.
Recognize that denser materials contain more tightly packed particles.

Summary Insights

Density acts as an important property to compare materials.
Utilization of accurate measurement techniques is crucial in forming reliable scientific conclusions.
SI units standardization prevents errors in calculations, as demonstrated by the Mars Climate Orbiter incident.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Description

Test your understanding of density with these practice problems based on Physical Science topics LT 3 and LT 4. The quiz includes calculations using the density formula and real examples like the density of tin. Enhance your skills in measuring mass and volume as you solve these problems.