Physical Quantities and Measurement

Study Notes

Physical Quantities and Measurement

Temperature

Definition: A measure of the average kinetic energy of particles in a substance
Unit: Celsius (°C), Kelvin (K), Fahrenheit (°F)
Scales:
- Celsius: 0°C (ice point), 100°C (water boiling point)
- Kelvin: 0 K (absolute zero), 273 K (water freezing point)
- Fahrenheit: 32°F (ice point), 212°F (water boiling point)
Measurement instruments: Thermometer (digital, analog, infrared)

Time

Definition: A measure of the duration between events
Unit: Second (s)
Measurement instruments: Clocks (analog, digital), Stopwatches, Timers
Conversion:
- 1 minute = 60 seconds
- 1 hour = 3600 seconds
- 1 day = 86400 seconds

Length

Definition: A measure of the distance between two points
Unit: Meter (m)
Measurement instruments: Rulers, Tape measures, Calipers
Conversion:
- 1 kilometer = 1000 meters
- 1 centimeter = 0.01 meters
- 1 millimeter = 0.001 meters

Mass

Definition: A measure of the amount of matter in an object
Unit: Kilogram (kg)
Measurement instruments: Balances, Scales
Conversion:
- 1 gram = 0.001 kilograms
- 1 milligram = 0.000001 kilograms
- 1 ton = 1000 kilograms

Density

Definition: A measure of the mass per unit volume of a substance
Unit: Kilogram per cubic meter (kg/m³)
Formula: Density = Mass / Volume
Measurement instruments: Densitometers, Hydrometers
Conversion:
- 1 gram per cubic centimeter (g/cm³) = 1000 kg/m³

Description

Test your understanding of fundamental physical quantities such as temperature, time, length, mass, and density. Learn about their definitions, units, measurement instruments, and conversion formulas. This quiz covers the basics of physical measurement and is suitable for students of physics and science.