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Questions and Answers
What is the correct definition of density as it pertains to dental materials?
What is the correct definition of density as it pertains to dental materials?
Which dental property is described as the amount of heat per second that passes through a material?
Which dental property is described as the amount of heat per second that passes through a material?
What is a clinical disadvantage of using metallic filling materials close to the pulp?
What is a clinical disadvantage of using metallic filling materials close to the pulp?
What is the linear coefficient of expansion of acrylic resin?
What is the linear coefficient of expansion of acrylic resin?
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What can result from a high difference in the coefficient of thermal expansion between a filling material and tooth structure?
What can result from a high difference in the coefficient of thermal expansion between a filling material and tooth structure?
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Which type of denture base is said to better support healthy tissue response due to its thermal properties?
Which type of denture base is said to better support healthy tissue response due to its thermal properties?
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Why is it important for porcelain and metal to be compatible in ceramo-metallic restorations?
Why is it important for porcelain and metal to be compatible in ceramo-metallic restorations?
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What is the significance of low density alloys in dental casting?
What is the significance of low density alloys in dental casting?
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What consequence can high water sorption in plastic denture base materials lead to?
What consequence can high water sorption in plastic denture base materials lead to?
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What property allows for better retention of upper dentures according to their mass?
What property allows for better retention of upper dentures according to their mass?
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Which physical property of dental materials is not related to force application?
Which physical property of dental materials is not related to force application?
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What is the main physiological response related to optical properties in dentistry?
What is the main physiological response related to optical properties in dentistry?
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What is a key factor when determining the melting temperature for indirect metallic restorations?
What is a key factor when determining the melting temperature for indirect metallic restorations?
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Which dental material does not require an insulator placed under it?
Which dental material does not require an insulator placed under it?
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What visual range of electromagnetic radiation is detectable by the human eye?
What visual range of electromagnetic radiation is detectable by the human eye?
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What issue can arise due to the tendency of hydrocolloid impressions to imbibe water?
What issue can arise due to the tendency of hydrocolloid impressions to imbibe water?
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What type of reflection occurs on a smooth surface where the angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection?
What type of reflection occurs on a smooth surface where the angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection?
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Which property of a material allows it to scatter some light while allowing some light to pass through?
Which property of a material allows it to scatter some light while allowing some light to pass through?
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What is the immediate emission of energy when electrons return to a lower energy level known as?
What is the immediate emission of energy when electrons return to a lower energy level known as?
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Which material property prevents the passage of light, ensuring objects can't be seen through it?
Which material property prevents the passage of light, ensuring objects can't be seen through it?
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In terms of color parameters, which term describes the strength or saturation level of a color?
In terms of color parameters, which term describes the strength or saturation level of a color?
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Which type of surfaces will reflect light in all directions, resulting in a non-shiny appearance?
Which type of surfaces will reflect light in all directions, resulting in a non-shiny appearance?
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What occurs in perfectly transparent materials regarding light?
What occurs in perfectly transparent materials regarding light?
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How do sound human teeth appear brighter and more vital in terms of light absorption?
How do sound human teeth appear brighter and more vital in terms of light absorption?
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Study Notes
Physical Properties of Dental Materials
- Physical properties are those not related to force application
- Mass related properties include density, the mass per unit volume of a material (e.g., gm/cm³ or pound/in³).
- Thermal properties include thermal conductivity (amount of heat transferred) and coefficients of thermal expansion and contraction.
- Less specific properties include water sorption, fluidity, viscosity, and plasticity
- Optical properties deal with light in relation to dental materials, including color.
- Lighter dentures offer better retention, and lighter dental base materials (non-metallic) are preferred over metallic materials.
- Low-density alloys require more casting force, such as cobalt chromium alloys; special equipment is needed.
- Thermal conductivity - the amount of heat transferred through a material per unit time, given a specific thickness and temperature difference.
- Thermal coefficient of expansion - the change in length of a material per unit length per degree Celsius temperature change.
- Materials with similar coefficients of thermal expansion to teeth reduce the chance of problems like discoloration or recurrent cavities resulting from marginal percolation (leaks).
- Water sorption involves the amount of water absorbed by a material, which might lead to dimensional changes (especially in plastic denture bases).
- Light reflection (specular—one direction, diffuse—multiple directions) is important for polishing anterior restorations.
- Light transmission is important for transparent materials.
- Fluorescence occurs when light activates electrons to high energy levels, and then they return to a lower energy level and release the excess as light. Phosphorescence releases light in a delayed manner.
- Properties of materials include transparency, allowing light to pass through; translucency, scattering some light, and opacity, preventing light passage.
- Color parameters include hue (color), chroma (saturation), and value (lightness/darkness); these factors relate to the vitality of a tooth, and materials can be chosen to match.
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Description
Explore the essential physical properties of dental materials in this quiz. Learn about mass-related properties like density, thermal properties, and optical characteristics, specifically in relation to dental applications. Test your knowledge of how these properties influence the performance and selection of dental materials.
