Physical Geology Chapter 13 Quiz

Physical Geology: Chapter 13 Study Running Water

• Study Preparation: Study diligently for the exam. Find a quiet place away from distractions (home, apartment, dorm). Turn off your phone. Dedicate about an hour for each study session, taking breaks as needed (ideally two sessions a day). Expect three to four hours of study time for every hour of class time.
• Study Materials: Use eCampus resources (lectured notes, slides, projected drawings, video lectures, textbook, mastering geology study aids, and lecture notes) for study.
• Study Material Review: Thoroughly review chapter materials, and lecture notes as well as the video recordings. Do not solely rely on the review. Complete course materials are important for the exam.
• Hydrologic Cycle: Water moves through the hydrosphere, evaporating, condensing into clouds, falling as precipitation, and running off the surface. It can soak into the soil or be returned to the atmosphere through plant transpiration.
• Running Water: Stream flow velocity depends on channel gradient, size, shape and roughness, and discharge. Cross sectional views of a stream show a longitudinal profile. Gradient and roughness generally decrease and channel size, discharge, and flow velocity increase downstream. Drainage basins are areas that contribute water to streams. Sediment is transported by solution, suspension, or along the bottom. Stream capacity refers to the total amount of sediment a stream can carry and competence is the largest grain size a stream can move. Streams efficiently sort sediment.
• Stream Channels: Meanders are enhanced by erosion at the cut bank (outside edge) and by deposition of sediment on the point bar (inside edge). These can form oxbow lakes. Streams erode downward until they reach base level (typically the level where the stream enters another stream, a lake, or ocean). Streams that have reached equilibrium with their base level primarily transport sediment. Meanders occur in rivers that erode from side to side, while canyons form in rivers that vigorously downcut.
• River Work: Sediment is carried in solution, suspension, or along the bottom. Fast-moving rivers have greater capacity (total sediment) and competence (larger particles). Flooding increases both capacity and competence.
• Depositional Landforms: Deltas form where rivers deposit sediment at their mouths. Streamflow is partitioned into distributaries. Natural levees are formed by sediment along the river margins. Alluvial fans are fan-shaped deposits that form where mountain fronts descend into valleys.
• Floods & Flood Control: Strategies for dealing with floods include artificial levees, channel improvements, and dams (temporary storage). Nonstructural methods such as floodplain management are also considered.

Prepare for your exam with this quiz focused on Chapter 13 of Physical Geology, covering the essential concepts of running water and the hydrologic cycle. Review important study materials and ensure you have a solid understanding of how water moves through the environment. This quiz will help reinforce your knowledge and readiness for the exam.