Physical Geography vs Human Geography

Study Notes

Geography is divided into two main branches: physical geography and human geography, each focusing on different aspects of the Earth.
Physical geography examines natural environments, including landforms, climates, ecosystems, weather patterns, and geological processes.
Human geography explores human activities, cultures, economies, and social systems, emphasizing their interaction with the environment.
Understanding both branches is essential for addressing global challenges as they highlight the complex relationship between nature and human society.

Southeast Asia is located between the Indian Ocean and Pacific Ocean, featuring diverse landscapes that influence its history and culture.
The region is characterized by tectonic activity, volcanic formations, erosion, and a varying topography from mountainous terrains to low-lying plains.
Major mountains include the Himalayas and Annamite Range, serving as natural barriers, while significant rivers like the Mekong and Irrawaddy facilitate transportation and agriculture.
Coastal areas, enriched with islands and peninsulas, are crucial for trade and maritime activities, enhancing regional connectivity.

Southeast Asia is home to a wide array of ecosystems, including tropical rainforests and arid deserts, contributing to its status as a biodiversity hotspot.
The region supports diverse flora and fauna, essential for ecological stability and human livelihoods.

Comprises two main areas: mainland Southeast Asia and insular or maritime Southeast Asia, with distinct geographical and cultural characteristics.
The Malay Peninsula acts as a bridge between the mainland and surrounding islands, playing a vital role in ecological and cultural exchange.
Mainland Southeast Asia includes countries such as Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar (Burma), Thailand, Vietnam, and Singapore.

Southeast Asia is part of the Pacific Ring of Fire, a zone with high volcanic and seismic activity, leading to frequent earthquakes and eruptions.
The region's geological complexity greatly influences its ecosystems and human settlement patterns.