Physical Examination Techniques
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Physical Examination Techniques

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@ExaltedElder

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Questions and Answers

Where is the dorsalis pedis pulse typically located?

  • Posterior surface of the calf
  • Medial surface of the ankle
  • Superior surface of the foot between the bases of the 1st and 2nd metatarsals (correct)
  • Lateral surface of the ankle

    • What is the normal respiratory rate in an adult?

  • 10-14 breaths per minute
  • 18-22 breaths per minute
  • 20-25 breaths per minute
  • 14-18 breaths per minute (correct)

    • What is the term for a respiratory rate below 12 breaths per minute?

  • Bradypnea (correct)
  • Dyspnea
  • Hypoxia
  • Tachypnea

    • What is the unit of measurement for blood pressure?

    <p>mmHg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the maximal pressure that occurs during ventricular contraction?

    <p>Systolic pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical format for recording blood pressure?

    <p>Systolic/diastolic mmHg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the importance of standing on the patient's right-hand side during an examination?

    <p>To give the patient a feeling of control over the situation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first step in the general examination framework?

    <p>Mentality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the 'C' in ABCD stand for during a general examination?

    <p>Colors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of assessing a patient's built during an examination?

    <p>To determine their body mass index</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the AVPU score used for?

    <p>To determine a patient's conscious level</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is included in the vital data collection during a general examination?

    <p>Temperature, heart rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate, oxygen saturation, and blood sugar level</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of regional examination during a general examination?

    <p>To identify any abnormalities or signs of disease in specific regions of the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of inspecting a patient's facial features during a general examination?

    <p>To identify any characteristic facial features associated with certain medical conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal oral temperature in Celsius?

    <p>37</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a pulse rate less than 60 beats per minute?

    <p>Bradycardia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a cause of hypothermia?

    <p>Shock</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the site of measurement for axillary temperature?

    <p>Armpit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a pulse rate more than 100 beats per minute?

    <p>Tachycardia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the best place to assess the pulse volume?

    <p>Carotid artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the position of the patient in lateral decubitus?

    <p>Lying on one side</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is included in the ABCD (appearance-built-colors-decubitus) examination?

    <p>General appearance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Patient Assessment

    • Lateral decubitus: patient lies on one side
    • Prayer position: leaning forward, commonly seen in pericardial effusion

    General Examination

    • Mentality
      • Mental status exam
        • Orientation: name, place, and date
        • Concentration
    • ABCD (Appearance-Built-Colors-Decubitus)
      • Appearance
        • Physical appearance: body type, race, personal hygiene
        • Behavior: alert, lethargic, calm, agitated
        • Characteristic facial features
      • Built: body type and weight
      • Colors: skin color and features
      • Decubitus: patient's position
    • Vital data
      • Temperature (Temp)
      • Heart Rate (H R)
      • Blood Pressure (BP)
      • Respiratory Rate (RR)
      • Oxygen Saturation (O2sat)
      • Random Blood Sugar (RBS)
    • Regional examination
      • Head
      • Neck
      • Upper limb
      • Lower limb
      • Lymph nodes

    Vital Signs

    • Temperature (Temp)
      • Normal oral temperature: 37°C
      • Rectal temperature: 0.5°C higher than oral
      • Axillary temperature: 0.5°C lower than oral
      • Fever: temperature > 37.2°C
      • Hypothermia: temperature < 35°C
    • Pulse examination
      • Pulse rate: expressed in beats per minute
      • Pulse rate < 60 bpm: bradycardia
      • Pulse rate > 100 bpm: tachycardia
      • Pulse examination sites:
        • Radial artery
        • Brachial artery
        • Carotid artery
        • Femoral artery
        • Popliteal artery
        • Posterior tibial artery
        • Dorsalis pedis artery
    • Blood Pressure (BP)
      • Measured in mmHg
      • Recorded as systolic pressure/diastolic pressure
    • Respiratory Rate (RR)
      • Normal RR in adults: 14-18 breaths per minute
      • RR in children:
        • 0-6 months: 30-40 breaths per minute
        • 3 years: 20-30 breaths per minute
        • 6 years: 18-25 breaths per minute
        • 10 years: 17-23 breaths per minute
      • RR < 12: bradypnea
      • RR > 20: tachypnea

    Examination Framework

    • Each system examination is divided into general and local examination
    • Local examination for each system:
      • Inspection (looking)
      • Palpation (feeling)
      • Percussion (tapping)
      • Auscultation (listening)

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    Description

    This quiz covers various physical examination techniques, including patient positions, general examination, and vital signs assessment.

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