Physical and Chemical Properties Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What is the definition of physical property?

A feature or characteristic of matter which can be observed without changing the identity of the matter.

What are some examples of physical properties?

Color, density, conductivity, smell, malleability, melting point, taste, ductility, boiling point, texture, solubility, and magnetism.

What is malleability?

How well something can be flattened or stretched without breaking.

What tends to be malleable?

Metals Signup and view all the answers

What tends to not be malleable?

Woods and glass Signup and view all the answers

What is ductility?

The ability to be stretched into a wire. Signup and view all the answers

What is solubility?

How well one material dissolves in another material. Signup and view all the answers

What does insoluble mean?

It cannot be dissolved. Signup and view all the answers

What affects solubility?

Temperature, stirring, surface area, and amount of solute. Signup and view all the answers

What is a solute?

The chemical being dissolved: the material you add to a solvent. Signup and view all the answers

What is a solvent?

A chemical that dissolves things: the material in which you add a solute. Signup and view all the answers

In chocolate milk, what is the solvent?

Milk Signup and view all the answers

In chocolate milk, what is the solute?

Chocolate syrup Signup and view all the answers

In tea, what is the solvent?

Hot water Signup and view all the answers

In tea, what is the solute?

Tea leaves Signup and view all the answers

What is magnetism?

How well something sticks to a magnet. Signup and view all the answers

What is thermal conductivity?

How well heat travels through a substance. Signup and view all the answers

What is electrical conductivity?

How well electricity travels through a substance. Signup and view all the answers

What is melting point?

The point at which a solid becomes a liquid. Signup and view all the answers

What is boiling point?

The point at which a liquid becomes a gas. Signup and view all the answers

What is characteristic property?

A feature of matter that is specific to the substance and does not change with the amount of substance. Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of chemical property?

A characteristic of a pure substance that describes its ability to change into different substances. Signup and view all the answers

What are examples of chemical properties?

Flammability, reactions with acids, non-reactivity, etc. Signup and view all the answers

What is flammability?

How well something reacts with oxygen to produce heat/flame. Signup and view all the answers

What are reactions with acids?

How well something reacts with an acid (e.g., bubbling, hydrogen released). Signup and view all the answers

What is non-reactivity?

The failure to react. Signup and view all the answers

What are the main points to take away with regard to chemical reactions?

They always produce a new substance and most cannot be reversed. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Physical Properties

Defined as features of matter that can be observed without altering the identity of the material.
Examples include color, density, conductivity, smell, malleability, melting point, taste, ductility, boiling point, texture, solubility, and magnetism.

Malleability and Ductility

Malleability refers to the ability of a substance to be flattened or stretched without breaking; metals exhibit high malleability.
Ductility is the ability of a substance to be stretched into a wire.

Solubility

Solubility is the measure of how well one material dissolves in another, influenced by temperature, stirring, surface area, and the amount of solute.
A solute is the material that is being dissolved, while a solvent is the substance that does the dissolving.

Examples of Solvent and Solute

In chocolate milk, milk acts as the solvent and chocolate syrup as the solute.
In tea, hot water serves as the solvent and tea leaves as the solute.

Other Physical Properties

Magnetism relates to how well a substance adheres to a magnet.
Thermal conductivity indicates how effectively heat travels through a material.
Electrical conductivity measures how well electricity flows through a substance.
Melting point is the temperature at which a solid becomes a liquid; boiling point is where a liquid transforms into a gas.
Characteristic properties, such as density, melting point, and boiling point, remain constant regardless of the quantity of substance.

Chemical Properties

A chemical property describes the ability of a pure substance to undergo chemical changes, resulting in new substances.
Examples include flammability, which assesses a material's ability to react with oxygen to produce heat or flame, and reactions with acids, which may produce bubbling or hydrogen release.

Non-reactivity

Non-reactivity refers to the inability of a substance to undergo a chemical reaction.

Chemical Reactions

Chemical reactions typically produce new substances and are usually irreversible.

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Description

This quiz focuses on the definitions and examples of physical properties of matter. Each flashcard presents a term or concept related to physical properties, enhancing your understanding of the characteristics that can be observed without altering the identity of matter. Perfect for students learning about chemistry.