Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire (PAR-Q)
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of completing a PAR-Q questionnaire?

  • To assess an individual's training preferences
  • To analyze previous sports performance
  • To determine suitability for physical activity (correct)
  • To establish a nutrition plan

Which principle is NOT important for preventing overuse injuries?

  • Maximal effort principle (correct)
  • FITT principle
  • Progressive overload
  • Correct application of training principles

How can checking equipment and facilities contribute to injury prevention?

  • By promoting competition among players
  • By ensuring equipment is fashionable
  • By eliminating the need for warm-ups
  • By identifying and removing hazards (correct)

Which of the following is an example of protective clothing in sports?

<p>Shin pads for football (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are rules and laws in sports important for injury prevention?

<p>They aim to protect participants (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method is considered least effective for preventing sports injuries?

<p>Pre-event nutritional planning (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be done to minimize the risk of injury before physical training?

<p>Complete a physical readiness questionnaire (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of not properly checking the playing environment?

<p>Higher likelihood of injury (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes a greenstick fracture?

<p>A partial break that bends a young bone. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What common injury can cause cartilage tears?

<p>Excessive twisting of a joint. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom is NOT associated with a concussion?

<p>Dislocated joints. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of beta-blockers on athletes?

<p>Slow heart rate and calm nerves. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential side effect of anabolic steroids for female athletes?

<p>Development of male characteristics. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a reason athletes might be tempted to use performance-enhancing drugs?

<p>To enhance their natural ability. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the International Olympic Committee (I.O.C.) regarding sports and drugs?

<p>To maintain the integrity of sport by banning substances. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which category of performance enhancing drugs would an Olympic weightlifter choose to improve their lifting capacity?

<p>Anabolic steroids (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of fracture is specifically characterized as a hairline crack due to repetitive forces?

<p>Stress fracture. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What category of drugs is typically used to mask other substances in the body?

<p>Diuretics (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which piece of protective clothing is most effective at shielding the head from injuries in sports?

<p>Helmet (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do goggles assist performers in reducing injury risk?

<p>By protecting from debris (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do shoes play in reducing the likelihood of injury for cyclists?

<p>They increase friction on pedals (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary effect of narcotic analgesics on athletes?

<p>Masks pain from injuries (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which athlete groups are most likely to use diuretics?

<p>Boxers and jockeys (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential side effect of using peptide hormones?

<p>Cardiovascular problems (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following categories of drugs is known to raise blood pressure?

<p>Stimulants (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which competitive context are stimulants most commonly used?

<p>High-intensity sprint starts (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common effect of using diuretics?

<p>Dehydration (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a reason athletes might use narcotic analgesics?

<p>To enhance physical performance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which effect is specifically associated with peptide hormones like erythropoietin (EPO)?

<p>Enhanced oxygen transport (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common treatment method for soft tissue injuries?

<p>RICE (Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of injury is characterized as a pulled or overstretched muscle?

<p>Strain (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a typical feature of a sprain?

<p>Twisted or wrenched ligament (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Bone fractures are classified into different types. Which of the following is NOT a type of fracture mentioned?

<p>Twisted fracture (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which overuse injury is commonly associated with golfers?

<p>Golfer's elbow (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of chronic injuries?

<p>Develop over a long period due to stress (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be done first when applying the RICE method?

<p>Resting the injured part (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a complex fracture, which of the following occurs?

<p>The bone protrudes through the skin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

PAR-Q Questionnaire

A health assessment used to determine the suitability of an individual for physical activity.

Purpose of the PAR-Q

The questionnaire identifies potential health risks and informs the intensity and types of activities suitable for an individual.

Injury prevention

Methods to avoid physical harm during physical activity.

Progressive Overload

Gradually increasing the intensity, duration, or difficulty of training.

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FITT principle

A guideline for structuring training with intensity, frequency, time, and type.

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Equipment & Facility Checks

Ensuring sports equipment is in good condition and that the playing area is safe before use.

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Protective equipment

Wearing gear to prevent injury when participating in sports.

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Sport Rules & Injury Prevention

Rules in sports are designed to protect participants and prevent injuries.

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Soft tissue injuries

Injuries to muscles, ligaments, or tendons, often caused by overuse or sudden movements.

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Strain

A pulled or overstretched muscle.

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Sprain

A twisted or wrenched ligament.

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RICE treatment

Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation; a common first-aid method for soft tissue injuries.

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Chronic injury

An injury that develops over time from continuous stress.

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Overuse elbow injury (e.g., tennis elbow)

Inflammation of tendons connecting muscles to the elbow joint, often due to repetitive motions.

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Bone fracture

A break or crack in a bone.

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Simple fracture

Bone break with unbroken skin.

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Anabolic Steroids

A category of performance-enhancing drugs that promote muscle growth and strength. Often used by athletes in power-based sports like weightlifting.

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Diuretics

Drugs that increase urine production, leading to water loss from the body. Used by some athletes to mask the presence of other banned substances in their system.

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Helmet

A protective headgear worn by athletes in certain sports, such as cycling, to reduce the risk of skull fractures, brain damage, and concussions.

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Protective clothing

Specialized gear used to prevent injuries in various sports. Examples include helmets, gloves, knee pads, and padded clothing.

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Why wear protective clothing?

Protective clothing safeguards athletes by reducing the risk of injuries, such as fractures, cuts, scrapes, and head injuries. It creates a barrier against impacts and hazards in the sport.

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Greenstick fracture

A bone fracture common in children where the bone bends and partially breaks due to its flexibility.

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Stress fracture

A hairline crack in a bone caused by repetitive or intense forces applied over time.

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Dislocation

When bones in a joint become separated or misaligned due to a sudden impact.

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Torn cartilage

A tear in the cartilage, often in joints, caused by twisting or sudden movements.

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Concussion

A brain injury caused by a blow to the head, resulting in symptoms like dizziness, confusion, and memory loss.

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Performance Enhancing Drugs

Substances used by athletes to improve performance, often illegally, with potential health risks.

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Beta Blockers

Drugs that slow heart rate and steady hands, used by athletes in target sports like shooting.

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Narcotic Analgesics

Drugs that reduce pain, often used by athletes to mask injuries. Examples include paracetamol, morphine, and heroin.

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Side Effects of Narcotic Analgesics

These drugs can cause nausea, addiction, and can worsen injuries.

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Diuretic Use in Sport

Used by athletes like boxers and jockeys who need to meet weight requirements.

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Stimulants

Drugs that boost physical and mental performance by reducing tiredness and increasing alertness.

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Stimulant Risks

Can lead to high blood pressure, masked fatigue, and addiction.

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Peptide Hormones

Naturally occurring hormones like EPO and GH, sometimes synthesized for performance enhancement.

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Peptide Hormone Effects

Increase oxygen transport for endurance, but can cause blood clots and cardiovascular problems.

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Study Notes

Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire (PAR-Q)

  • The PAR-Q is the first step in determining suitability for physical activity.
  • It assesses health status and conditions that may affect exercise.
  • The questionnaire asks about past and current heart problems, chest pain, medication use, bone/joint issues, and major illnesses/surgeries.
  • Answers are used to determine appropriate exercise intensity and type.
  • The PAR-Q form must be completed, returned to a fitness advisor, and assessed before any fitness induction services are given. The advisor assesses the answers to the questionnaire.

How to Optimize Training and Prevent Injury

  • Understand the purpose of a PAR-Q questionnaire and how results should be used.
  • Describe how to prevent injuries during physical activity.
  • Explain typical sports injuries.
  • Identify the main types of performance-enhancing drugs and their side effects.

Injury Prevention

  • Correct application of training principles prevents overuse injuries.
  • Progressive overload and FITT principles are essential.
  • Check equipment and facilities for safety and suitability.
  • Use protective clothing and equipment appropriately to minimize injury risk.
  • Adhering to the rules of the activity is important for injury prevention.
  • Officials ensure rules are followed and discipline players when necessary.
  • Consequences of rule breaking may include injury or penalties for the athletes.

Typical Sports Injuries

  • Strains involve a pulled or overstretched muscle.
  • Sprains involve a twisted or wrenched ligament.
  • Soft tissue injuries can occur at various joints.
  • RICE treatment (Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation) is used to heal soft tissue injuries.
  • Overuse injuries can develop over time and are often caused by repetitive stress on a particular joint.
    • Tennis elbow involves inflamed and painful tendons.
  • Bone fractures are breaks or cracks in the bone.
    • Simple fracture - non-broken skin, but internal tissue damage may cause swelling.
    • Complex fracture - broken skin (compound), and bone may stick out.
    • Greenstick fracture - occurs in children as a bending and partial break of a soft bone.
    • Stress fracture - hairline crack due to prolonged forces.
  • Dislocation occurs when a sudden impact injures a joint, and bones are disconnected.
  • Torn cartilage means cartilage is torn from excessive twisting and excessive or sudden changes in direction.
  • Concussion results from brain injury caused by a blow to the head. Symptoms include unconsciousness, nausea, dizziness, confusion, and memory loss.
  • Treatment may include rest and/or medical attention.
  • Abrasions are superficial skin injuries.

Performance Enhancing Drugs

  • Athletes may take drugs to improve performance.
  • Reasons include greater rewards associated with winning.
  • The International Olympic Committee (IOC) categorizes banned substances for use in sports.
  • Banned substances are categorized into groups.
    • Beta blockers: Slows heart rate, calms hands, side effects can include low heart rate, low blood pressure and tiredness. Used by shooting and snooker athletes.
    • Anabolic steroids: Artificially produced testosterone that can promote muscle growth and enable harder training sessions. Side effects can include male features, liver and heart damage. Used by athletes, power, 100m and shot put events.
    • Narcotic analgesics: Mask pain (ex. paracetamol, morphine, methadone, heroin). Side effects can include nausea, serious injuries and addiction.Used in events that require pain to be masked.
    • Diuretics: Promote fluid removal, causing rapid weight loss. Side effects can include dehydration and headaches. Used in boxing and horse racing.
    • Stimulants: Stimulate the body (ex. tea, coffee, cocaine). Effect reduces tiredness, improves alertness and endurance. Side effects include high blood pressure, hide symptoms of fatigue, addiction. Used in sports requiring quick bursts of sprinting.
    • Peptide hormones: Naturally occurring or artificially produced. EPO and GH increase oxygen transport. Side effects: blood clots, heart problems. Used in cycling and marathon running.

Exam Questions and Answers

  • Question 1: When should a PAR-Q be completed? -Answer: Before planning a Personal Exercise Programme (PEP)

  • Question 2: Which category of performance enhancing drugs would an Olympic weightlifter take to increase the weight they can lift? -Answer: Anabolic Steriods

  • Question 3: Which category of drugs could mask the presence of other drugs? -Answer: Diuretics

  • Question 4: (Diagram) Identify and explain protective items in a sporting circumstance, explaining the protective role of the items. (example answer, helmet protects the head from injury during a fall.)

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Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire (PAR-Q) PDF

Description

This quiz evaluates your understanding of the PAR-Q and its significance in determining suitability for physical activity. You'll explore how to prevent injuries, identify common sports injuries, and the effects of performance-enhancing drugs. Prepare to enhance your fitness journey safely and effectively.

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