Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which classes are under Phylum Ctenophora?
Which classes are under Phylum Ctenophora?
What are the orders under Class Tentaculata?
What are the orders under Class Tentaculata?
What order is under Class Nuda?
What order is under Class Nuda?
Order Beroida
What are the defining characteristics of Phylum Ctenophora?
What are the defining characteristics of Phylum Ctenophora?
Signup and view all the answers
What are colloblasts?
What are colloblasts?
Signup and view all the answers
What are common names for Phylum Ctenophora?
What are common names for Phylum Ctenophora?
Signup and view all the answers
How many species does Phylum Ctenophora have approximately?
How many species does Phylum Ctenophora have approximately?
Signup and view all the answers
Ctenophores are bioluminescent and nearly all are predators.
Ctenophores are bioluminescent and nearly all are predators.
Signup and view all the answers
There are two parasitic species in Phylum Ctenophora.
There are two parasitic species in Phylum Ctenophora.
Signup and view all the answers
What type of symmetry does Phylum Ctenophora exhibit?
What type of symmetry does Phylum Ctenophora exhibit?
Signup and view all the answers
Ctenophores have eight plates of fused cilia that resemble combs and move by beating flagella.
Ctenophores have eight plates of fused cilia that resemble combs and move by beating flagella.
Signup and view all the answers
Most of the body of Ctenophores is jelly-like mesoglea and covered with sticky mucus.
Most of the body of Ctenophores is jelly-like mesoglea and covered with sticky mucus.
Signup and view all the answers
What are colloblasts in Ctenophores?
What are colloblasts in Ctenophores?
Signup and view all the answers
What does Euchlora rubra lack instead of colloblasts?
What does Euchlora rubra lack instead of colloblasts?
Signup and view all the answers
How does digestion occur in Phylum Ctenophora?
How does digestion occur in Phylum Ctenophora?
Signup and view all the answers
The nervous system of Phylum Ctenophora consists of a subepidermal network and statolith that rests on four tufts of balancer cilia.
The nervous system of Phylum Ctenophora consists of a subepidermal network and statolith that rests on four tufts of balancer cilia.
Signup and view all the answers
In phylum Ctenophora, all members are gonochoristic.
In phylum Ctenophora, all members are gonochoristic.
Signup and view all the answers
In most species of Ctenophores, fertilization is external.
In most species of Ctenophores, fertilization is external.
Signup and view all the answers
Ctenophores have free swimming cydippid larvae, and asexual reproduction is very rare.
Ctenophores have free swimming cydippid larvae, and asexual reproduction is very rare.
Signup and view all the answers
What do large oral lobes in Class Tentaculata assist with?
What do large oral lobes in Class Tentaculata assist with?
Signup and view all the answers
In Class Tentaculata, some tentaculate species closely resemble cydippid larvae except having functional gonads.
In Class Tentaculata, some tentaculate species closely resemble cydippid larvae except having functional gonads.
Signup and view all the answers
In other species within Class Tentaculata, the body is somewhat compressed laterally, with only four fully developed comb rows.
In other species within Class Tentaculata, the body is somewhat compressed laterally, with only four fully developed comb rows.
Signup and view all the answers
Two pairs of ciliated paddle or tentacle-like structures called ______ assist in capturing prey.
Two pairs of ciliated paddle or tentacle-like structures called ______ assist in capturing prey.
Signup and view all the answers
In cestids, the body forms a long ribbon with the mouth and apical sense organ on opposite sides at its midpoint.
In cestids, the body forms a long ribbon with the mouth and apical sense organ on opposite sides at its midpoint.
Signup and view all the answers
Some species simply float in the water and others spend their time creeping slowly over solid substrates, using (a) ______ and (b) ______ for locomotion.
Some species simply float in the water and others spend their time creeping slowly over solid substrates, using (a) ______ and (b) ______ for locomotion.
Signup and view all the answers
What is Class Nuda characterized by?
What is Class Nuda characterized by?
Signup and view all the answers
In Class Nuda, all seven comb rows are well developed.
In Class Nuda, all seven comb rows are well developed.
Signup and view all the answers
In Class Nuda, prey are captured and engulfed by (a) ______.
In Class Nuda, prey are captured and engulfed by (a) ______.
Signup and view all the answers
What are macrocilia in Ctenophores?
What are macrocilia in Ctenophores?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Phylum Ctenophora Overview
- Ctenophores, commonly known as comb jellies or sea walnuts, are exclusively marine organisms.
- Approximately 150 species exist, exhibiting various shapes such as spherical, ovoid, or elongate.
- Characterized by bioluminescence; most are transparent and predatory.
Classification
- Phylum Ctenophora includes two main classes: Tentaculata and Nuda.
- Class Tentaculata encompasses several orders: Cydippida, Lobata, Cestida, and Platyctenida.
- Class Nuda is represented by a single order, Beroida.
Physical Characteristics
- Defining features include plates of fused cilia arranged in two rows and the presence of colloblasts, which are specialized adhesive cells.
- Tentaculata have large oral lobes covered with mucus and colloblasts for prey capture.
Locomotion and Anatomy
- Ctenophores are distinguished by eight rows of comb-like cilia that facilitate movement.
- Nervous system is structured as a subepidermal network with statoliths resting on four ciliated balancer tufts.
Reproduction and Development
- Most ctenophores are hermaphroditic, with external fertilization common.
- Free-swimming cydippid larvae develop into adult forms, and asexual reproduction is rare.
Feeding Mechanism
- Predatory behavior is executed through tentacles and specialized structures like auricles.
- Species in Class Nuda lack tentacles and rely on muscular lips to capture prey, engaging in extracellular and intracellular digestion.
Mobility
- Different locomotion methods include floating and creeping on substrates, employing pharyngeal cilia and muscular contraction for movement.
- Macrocilia, formed by numerous axonemes, assist in feeding and are located just inside the mouth.
Symmetry and Structure
- Ctenophores exhibit radial or biradial symmetry.
- The body composition includes a jelly-like mesoglea, contributing to its unique structural characteristics.
Special Cases
- Certain species like Euchlora rubra do not possess colloblasts and instead utilize nematocysts for prey capture.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Explore the fascinating world of Phylum Ctenophora with this quiz. Learn about the various classes and orders, along with the unique characteristics that define these marine organisms. Test your knowledge of these simple yet intriguing creatures!
