Photosynthesis: Making Energy Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What is photosynthesis?

This is a process where the energy from sunlight is used to make glucose.

Where does photosynthesis occur?

Photosynthesis occurs in the chloroplast.

What are chloroplasts and where are they found?

Chloroplasts are green plant organelles that are used to make food and store food energy.

What are the two main functions of chloroplasts?

To make food and store food energy. Signup and view all the answers

Why do most leaves appear green?

They absorb most of the colors in the color spectrum and reflect green light. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary pigment found in chloroplasts?

Green. Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for photosynthesis?

CO2 + H2O + Sunlight ----> C6H12O6 + O2 Signup and view all the answers

What three things are used to make glucose in photosynthesis?

Carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight. Signup and view all the answers

What is produced in photosynthesis?

Glucose and oxygen. Signup and view all the answers

What is the glucose used for?

Energy and growth. Signup and view all the answers

What process happens in the mitochondria?

Cell respiration happens in the mitochondria. Signup and view all the answers

What does cell respiration create?

Cell respiration creates energy. Signup and view all the answers

What happens to carbohydrates during cellular respiration?

During cellular respiration, carbohydrates are broken down and release energy. Signup and view all the answers

What is the chemical energy in the cell called?

Adenosine Triphosphate aka ATP. Signup and view all the answers

What is a product of cellular respiration?

Carbon Dioxide. Signup and view all the answers

How many parts does photosynthesis have?

Photosynthesis has 2 parts: Light-dependent reactions and Light-independent reactions. Signup and view all the answers

What does photosynthesis require?

Water, carbon dioxide, light, and chlorophyll. Signup and view all the answers

What are pigments?

Light absorbing molecules. Signup and view all the answers

What is chlorophyll?

Plant's principle pigment. Signup and view all the answers

What is glycolysis?

Cells gradually release energy from glucose. Signup and view all the answers

What does glycolysis begin with?

Glycolysis begins with glucose. Signup and view all the answers

What does aerobic mean?

Oxygen is present. Signup and view all the answers

What does anaerobic mean?

Without oxygen. Signup and view all the answers

In the presence of O2, how many molecules of ATP can a cell produce per glucose molecule?

36 molecules of ATP. Signup and view all the answers

Calories are defined as what?

A calorie is the energy needed to raise the temperature of 1g of H2O by 1 degree Celsius. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Photosynthesis Overview

Photosynthesis utilizes sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen.
Occurs in chloroplasts, specialized organelles in plant cells.

Chloroplasts

Chloroplasts are green organelles that produce and store food energy.
Function: food production and energy storage.
Contain chlorophyll, the primary pigment that captures light energy.

Pigments and Light

Chlorophyll reflects green light, making most leaves appear green.
Chloroplasts contain thylakoids, structures arranged in stacks called grana, which are crucial for photosynthesis.

Photosynthesis Process

Formula: CO2 + H2O + sunlight → C6H12O6 + O2.
Requires three main ingredients: carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight.
Light-dependent reactions occur in thylakoid membranes; the Calvin Cycle (light-independent) occurs in the stroma.

Cellular Respiration

Occurs in mitochondria, breaking down glucose to release energy.
Formula: C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6H2O + 6CO2 + energy.
Produces adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the cell's chemical energy.

Energy Conversion

Glycolysis initiates cellular respiration, breaking down glucose in the cytoplasm and yielding a small amount of energy (2 ATP).
Aerobic respiration produces up to 36 ATP in the presence of oxygen; more efficient than anaerobic processes.
Anaerobic respiration includes alcoholic and lactic acid fermentation, occurring without oxygen and yielding less energy.

Energy Measurement

A calorie is defined as the required energy to raise the temperature of 1g of water by 1°C.

Key Processes

Glycolysis leads to the release of energy from glucose.
The Krebs Cycle and Electron Transport Chain are parts of aerobic respiration in mitochondria.

Summary of Key Differences

Photosynthesis captures energy; cellular respiration releases energy.
Photosynthesis occurs in chloroplasts; cellular respiration takes place in mitochondria.

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Description

Enhance your understanding of photosynthesis with these informative flashcards. Explore key concepts such as the process, location, and role of chloroplasts. Perfect for students looking to review essential biology terms.