Questions and Answers
What is the role of chlorophyll in photosynthesis?
To absorb energy from sunlight
Desert plants take up carbon dioxide during the day for photosynthesis.
False
What happens to the starch in a plant when it is kept in a dark room for three days?
All the starch gets used up.
The energy absorbed by chlorophyll is used to act upon an intermediate prepared at _______________________.
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What is the purpose of keeping a potted plant in sunlight for six hours in Activity 5.1?
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Chloroplasts are found in all cells of a leaf.
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Match the following components with their roles in photosynthesis:
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What is the purpose of dipping the leaf in boiling water and then in alcohol in Activity 5.1?
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What is the purpose of sealing the bottom of the bell-jars with vaseline in the experiment?
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Photosynthesis can occur in the absence of sunlight.
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What is the essential element used in the synthesis of proteins and other compounds in plants?
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Plants take up water from the soil through their ______.
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Match the following elements with their functions in plants:
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What is the primary function of sunlight in photosynthesis?
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Heterotrophic organisms can synthesize their own food.
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What is the role of chlorophyll in photosynthesis?
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Photosynthesis occurs in the absence of sunlight.
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What is the purpose of storing carbohydrates in the form of starch in plants?
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During photosynthesis, carbon dioxide and water are converted into _______________ in the presence of sunlight and chlorophyll.
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Why is sunlight necessary for photosynthesis?
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Plants can produce their own food in the absence of sunlight.
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Match the following components with their roles in photosynthesis:
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How do plants utilize the energy stored in carbohydrates?
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Study Notes
Photosynthesis and Nutrition
- Autotrophic organisms fulfill their carbon and energy requirements through photosynthesis, a process that converts carbon dioxide and water into carbohydrates in the presence of sunlight and chlorophyll.
- Carbohydrates are utilized for providing energy to the plant, and excess energy is stored in the form of starch, serving as an internal energy reserve.
- Chlorophyll is essential for photosynthesis, and it is present in cell organelles called chloroplasts.
Experiment to Demonstrate Photosynthesis
- Cover a plant with a bell-jar, seal the bottom with vaseline, and keep it in sunlight for about two hours.
- Pluck a leaf and check for the presence of starch, which indicates photosynthesis has taken place.
- Repeat the experiment without potassium hydroxide to demonstrate the importance of sunlight in photosynthesis.
Other Raw Materials for Plant Growth
- Water is taken up from the soil by the roots in terrestrial plants.
- Nitrogen, phosphorus, iron, and magnesium are essential elements taken up from the soil for building the plant's body.
- Nitrogen is taken up in the form of inorganic nitrates or nitrites or as organic compounds prepared by bacteria from atmospheric nitrogen.
Heterotrophic Nutrition
- Each organism is adapted to its environment, and the form of nutrition differs depending on the type and availability of food material.
- Desert plants take up carbon dioxide at night and prepare an intermediate, which is acted upon by the energy absorbed by chlorophyll during the day.
Importance of Chlorophyll
- Chlorophyll is essential for photosynthesis and is present in cell organelles called chloroplasts.
- An activity can be performed to demonstrate the importance of chlorophyll, involving a potted plant with variegated leaves, starch, sunlight, and boiling water.
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Description
An experiment to demonstrate the effect of potassium hydroxide on photosynthesis in plants. Students will set up an air-tight system with bell-jars and observe the results.
