Photosynthesis and ATP Overview
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary pigment involved in photosynthesis?

  • Anthocyanin
  • Chlorophyll (correct)
  • Carotene
  • Xanthophyll
  • Where does the Calvin Cycle take place in plant cells?

  • Cytoplasm
  • Thylakoid membrane
  • Stroma (correct)
  • Mitochondrial matrix
  • Which of the following is a product of photosynthesis?

  • Oxygen (correct)
  • Carbon dioxide
  • ADP
  • NADH
  • What is the main role of ATP in cells?

    <p>Energy transfer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following processes occurs first in cellular respiration?

    <p>Glycolysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the outputs of the Krebs Cycle?

    <p>Carbon dioxide and NADH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which compound is necessary for the Electron Transport Chain to function?

    <p>Oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is true regarding the reactants and products of photosynthesis and cellular respiration?

    <p>The products of photosynthesis are used as reactants in cellular respiration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Photosynthesis

    • Photosynthesis is the process where plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy into chemical energy, storing it in glucose.
    • It occurs in chloroplasts, specifically the thylakoid membranes and stroma.
    • Chlorophyll absorbs sunlight, a crucial pigment in this process.
    • Photosynthesis has two main stages:
      • Light-Dependent Reactions:
        • Takes place in the thylakoid membrane.
        • Inputs: Light, water (H₂O), ADP, NADP⁺.
        • Outputs: Oxygen (O₂), ATP, NADPH.
      • Calvin Cycle (Light-Independent Reactions):
        • Occurs in the stroma.
        • Inputs: Carbon dioxide (CO₂), ATP, NADPH.
        • Outputs: Glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆), ADP, NADP⁺.

    ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate)

    • ATP is the primary energy currency of cells.
    • Structurally, it consists of adenine, ribose sugar, and three phosphate groups.
    • ATP releases energy when a phosphate group is removed (ATP → ADP + Pᵢ).
    • This released energy powers cellular functions like muscle contraction, active transport, and chemical reactions.

    Reactants and Products of Photosynthesis

    • Reactants: Carbon dioxide (CO₂), water (H₂O), light energy.
    • Products: Glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆), oxygen (O₂).

    Cellular Respiration

    • Cellular respiration is the process where cells convert glucose into usable energy (ATP).
    • It has three key stages:
      • Glycolysis:
        • Takes place in the cytoplasm.
        • Inputs: Glucose.
        • Outputs: 2 Pyruvate, 2 ATP, 2 NADH.
      • Krebs Cycle (Citric Acid Cycle):
        • Occurs in the mitochondrial matrix.
        • Inputs: Pyruvate (converted to Acetyl-CoA).
        • Outputs: CO₂, NADH, FADH₂, 2 ATP.
      • Electron Transport Chain (ETC):
        • Happens in the inner mitochondrial membrane.
        • Inputs: NADH, FADH₂, O₂.
        • Outputs: Water, ~32-34 ATP.

    Reactants and Products of Cellular Respiration

    • Reactants: Glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆), oxygen (O₂).
    • Products: Carbon dioxide (CO₂), water (H₂O), ATP.

    Key Comparisons: Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration

    Process Reactants Products
    Photosynthesis CO₂, H₂O, light energy Glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆), O₂
    Cellular Respiration Glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆), O₂ CO₂, H₂O, ATP

    Study Tips

    • Memorize the equations for both photosynthesis and cellular respiration.
    • Understand ATP's role and how it's used in cells.
    • Relate reactants and products between photosynthesis and cellular respiration.
    • Review the organelles—chloroplasts for photosynthesis and mitochondria for cellular respiration.
    • Use diagrams to visualize processes like the Calvin cycle and ETC.

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    Description

    This quiz covers the essential processes of photosynthesis and ATP. Learn about how plants convert light energy to chemical energy and understand the role of ATP as the primary energy currency in cells. Test your knowledge of the light-dependent reactions and the Calvin Cycle.

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