Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the purpose of the gray or antihalation backing in a black and white film?
What is the purpose of the gray or antihalation backing in a black and white film?
What is the primary function of the gelatin in a black and white film?
What is the primary function of the gelatin in a black and white film?
What is the relationship between the ASA rating of a film and its sensitivity?
What is the relationship between the ASA rating of a film and its sensitivity?
What is the difference between the ASA and DIN ratings of a film?
What is the difference between the ASA and DIN ratings of a film?
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What is the primary component of the emulsion in a black and white film?
What is the primary component of the emulsion in a black and white film?
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What is the function of the base in a black and white film?
What is the function of the base in a black and white film?
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What is the ISO rating expressed in?
What is the ISO rating expressed in?
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What type of film is sensitive to all colors?
What type of film is sensitive to all colors?
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What is the relationship between emulsion speed rating of the film and the size of the metallic silver grains?
What is the relationship between emulsion speed rating of the film and the size of the metallic silver grains?
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What is the characteristic of the top emulsion in a color film?
What is the characteristic of the top emulsion in a color film?
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What is the term for the sensitivity of the film as a function of the wavelength of the exposing light?
What is the term for the sensitivity of the film as a function of the wavelength of the exposing light?
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What is the common characteristic of films manufactured by different companies?
What is the common characteristic of films manufactured by different companies?
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What is the purpose of the yellow filter layer above the middle emulsion?
What is the purpose of the yellow filter layer above the middle emulsion?
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Which emulsion is sensitive to blue light but is not exposed to it due to the yellow filter layer?
Which emulsion is sensitive to blue light but is not exposed to it due to the yellow filter layer?
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What is the characteristic of the bottom layer of a color film?
What is the characteristic of the bottom layer of a color film?
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What is the suffix given to reversal film?
What is the suffix given to reversal film?
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What is the composition of a photographic paper's emulsion?
What is the composition of a photographic paper's emulsion?
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What is the characteristic of chloride paper?
What is the characteristic of chloride paper?
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Which type of paper is recommended for projection printing or enlarging?
Which type of paper is recommended for projection printing or enlarging?
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What is the purpose of adjusting the paper contrast in B&W paper printing?
What is the purpose of adjusting the paper contrast in B&W paper printing?
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What is the characteristic of a photographic paper with a cold tone?
What is the characteristic of a photographic paper with a cold tone?
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What is the result of printing a negative in complementary colors on a non-reversal print?
What is the result of printing a negative in complementary colors on a non-reversal print?
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What is the primary difference between photographic papers for B&W and color printing?
What is the primary difference between photographic papers for B&W and color printing?
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What is the purpose of using different surface textures in photographic papers?
What is the purpose of using different surface textures in photographic papers?
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Study Notes
Film Classification
- ASA (American Standard Association) rating is expressed in arithmetical value, with higher numbers indicating more sensitivity.
- DIN (Deutsche Industri Normen) rating is expressed in logarithmic value.
Spectral Sensitivity
- Blue sensitive film: sensitive to UV rays and blue light only.
- Orthochromatic film: sensitive to UV rays and blue light only.
- Panchromatic film: sensitive to UV radiation to blue, green, and red light or all colors.
- Infra-red film: sensitive to UV rays, to blue, green, red light and infrared rays.
Granularity
- Refers to the size of metallic silver grains formed after development of an exposed film.
- Lower emulsion speed rating of the film results in finer grains, while higher emulsion speed rating results in bigger grains.
Color Films
- Multi-layer emulsion coated on the same support or base.
- Top emulsion: sensitive to blue light only, with green and red light passing through without effect.
Black and White Films
- Consist of emulsion, gray or anti-halation backing, and a support base.
- Emulsion: contains crystals of light-sensitive compounds (silver nitrate) evenly distributed throughout the plastic base material.
- Gray or anti-halation backing: prevents light from passing through the emulsion and forming a halo.
- Base: generally made of plastic material that serves as a support to the emulsion.
Characteristics of B&W Films
- ASA, DIN, and ISO ratings are used to classify films according to their sensitivity.
- Emulsion speed affects the size of metallic grains, with slower speeds resulting in finer grains.
Characteristics of Photographic Papers
- Composed of a light-sensitive coating (emulsion) on a paper base or support made of wood pulp.
- Emulsion is suspended on a gelatin and is made of silver halide salts.
- Characteristics include:
- Emulsion speed: chloride paper (low speed), bromide paper (fast speed), and chloro-bromide paper (multi-speed).
- Contrast range or grade: adjusts paper contrast to yield a natural-scene result from negatives with varying density ranges.
- Physical characteristics: surface texture, base weight or thickness, and color.
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Description
Test your knowledge of photographic films and papers! This quiz covers the basics of photographic film, including its composition, characteristics, and types. Learn about emulsion, silver halide crystals, and more!