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Questions and Answers
What role do surfactants, such as Di Palmitoyl Lecithin, play in the lungs?
Which of the following is a base component of Lecithin?
What condition can result from the absence of surfactants in premature infants?
Cephalin, a type of phosphoglyceride, is important for which biological function?
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Which of the following statements about Phosphatidyl Inositol is true?
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Which phospholipid is primarily associated with preventing alveolar collapse?
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What is a significant function of Cephalin in the body?
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Which of the following describes the base component of Phosphatidyl Serine?
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In which tissues is Phosphatidyl Inositol particularly notable for containing three moles of phosphoric acid?
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What condition in premature infants is associated with the absence of phospholipids like Lecithin?
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Study Notes
Lecithin (Phosphatidyl Choline)
- Most prevalent phosphoglyceride in plants and animals
- Base is choline
- Found in animal cell membranes
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Di Palmitoyl Lecithin:
- Positions 1 and 2 of glycerol are occupied by palmitate
- Major lipid component of lung surfactants
- Surfactants are the extracellular fluid lining the alveoli
- Surfactants decrease surface tension of the fluid layer, preventing alveolar collapse
- Absence of surfactants in premature infants' lungs causes Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS)
Cephalin (Phosphatidyl Ethanolamine)
- Another abundant phosphoglyceride, found in animal cell membranes
- Base is ethanolamine
- There are 3 and 2 cephalin variations
- An important blood clotting factor
Phosphatidyl Serine
- Similar to cephalin and present in many tissues
- Base is the amino acid serine
Lipositol (Phosphatidyl Inositol)
- Polar head is the cyclic hexose sugar alcohol inositol (myoinositol)
- 2 or 3 moles of phosphate may be present in inositol phosphatide
- In the brain and muscles, it contains 3 moles of phosphoric acid (1, 4, 5)
Lecithin (Phosphatidyl Choline)
- Most abundant phosphoglyceride in plants and animals
- Base is choline
- Present in animal cell membranes
- Di Palmitoyl Lecithin:
- Positions 1 and 2 of glycerol are occupied by palmitate
- Major lipid component of lung surfactants
- Lung surfactants:
- Extracellular fluid lining the alveoli
- Decrease surface tension of fluid layer
- Prevent alveolar collapse
- Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS):
- Caused by the absence of surfactants in premature infants' lungs
Cephalin (Phosphatidyl Ethanolamine)
- Another abundant phosphoglyceride
- Found in animal cell membranes
- Base is ethanolamine
- Cephalin 3 and 2 exist
- One of the important blood clotting factors
Phosphatidyl Serine
- Similar to cephalin
- Present in many tissues
- Base is the amino acid serine
Lipositol (Phosphatidyl Inositol)
- Polar head is the cyclic hexose sugar alcohol inositol (myoinositol)
- 2 or 3 moles of phosphate may be present in inositol phosphatide
- In brain and muscles:
- Contains 3 moles of phosphoric acid (1, 4, 5)
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Description
This quiz covers key phosphoglycerides including Lecithin, Cephalin, Phosphatidyl Serine, and Lipositol. Learn about their structures, functions, and importance in biological systems, particularly in cell membranes and lung surfactants. Test your knowledge on these essential lipids and their roles in health and disease.
