Phosphoglycerides and Phospholipids

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What is the primary function of lipids in the human body?

Protein synthesis

Energy storage and source (correct)

DNA replication

Cellular signaling

What is the characteristic of lipids that makes them soluble in nonpolar solvents?

Hydrophilic molecules

Amino acids

Nonpolar molecules (correct)

Polar molecules

Which of the following is a type of lipid that is not a glyceride?

Triglyceride

Steroid (correct)

Sphingolipid

Fatty acid

What is the role of lipid-soluble vitamins in the human body?

Regulation of several critical biological processes Signup and view all the answers

What is the energy yield from the breakdown of 1 gram of fat?

9 kcal Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a function of lipids in the body?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary application of FTIR spectroscopy in lipid research?

Investigation of lipid conformation and bond structure Signup and view all the answers

Which technique is commonly used in lipidomics to identify and quantify lipid species?

Mass spectrometry Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of isotope tracing in lipid research?

To trace the biosynthesis and metabolism of lipids Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of solid-phase extraction in lipid research?

To extract, purify, and concentrate lipids from complex mixtures Signup and view all the answers

Which technique provides information about the three-dimensional structure of lipid molecules?

X-ray crystallography Signup and view all the answers

What is the main application of functional assays in lipid research?

To evaluate the impact of lipids on biological processes Signup and view all the answers

What is the simplest and most common phosphoglyceride?

Phosphatidic acid Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of pulmonary surfactant in the lungs?

To reduce surface tension in the alveoli Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of sphingolipids?

Amphipathic with a polar head and nonpolar tails Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of bile salts?

To aid in the emulsification and digestion of lipids Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of cholesterol?

Amphipathic and readily soluble in hydrophobic region Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of lecithin?

To emulsify triglycerides in water Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of glycosphingolipids?

Characterized by a single monosaccharide head group Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of sphingomyelins?

Structural components of nerve cell membranes Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of steroids?

Built from one or more five-carbon units called isoprene Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of chylomicrons?

To transport lipids in the form of triacylglycerol, fatty acids, and cholesterol Signup and view all the answers