Phosphate in the Body

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Which condition is characterized by a concentration of total calcium in the serum greater than 2.53 mmol/l?

Hypercalcemia (correct)

Hypocalcemia

Hypermagnesemia

Hypophosphatemia

What is a potential cause of hypercalcemia related to excessive intake of calcium?

Granulomatous diseases (correct)

Parathyroid gland dysfunction

Renal insufficiency

Electrolyte imbalance (hypomagnesemia)

How does alkalosis affect the concentration of ionized calcium in the body?

Decreases it (correct)

Increases it

Stabilizes it

No effect

Which condition results in an increased urinary excretion of calcium?

Renal insufficiency Signup and view all the answers

What can contribute to decreased reabsorption of calcium in the tubules?

Renal insufficiency Signup and view all the answers

In hypercalcemia, what condition is characterized by a concentration of ionized calcium greater than 1.3 mmol/l?

Hypercalcemia Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential consequence of reduced oxidative transport capacity in erythrocytes?

Hypoxia Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is characterized by a serum phosphate concentration greater than 1.6mm/L?

Hyperphosphatemia Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential cause of hyperphosphatemia related to the transfer of phosphate from intracellular fluid to extracellular fluid?

Therapy with cytostatics Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone increases resorption of bones, reabsorption in kidneys, and absorption in intestines in response to increased calcium levels?

Parathyroid hormone Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of calcitonin on calcium metabolism?

Increases postponement of calcium in bones Signup and view all the answers

Which mineral disorder is characterized by a serum concentration greater than 1.05mmol/L?

Hypermagnesemia Signup and view all the answers

Where is phosphate mostly found in the body?

In bones and intracellularly Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal concentration range of phosphorus in the serum?

0.9 to 1.6 mmol/l Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of phosphate in the body?

Building and teeth production Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is characterized by a serum concentration of inorganic phosphate less than 0.9 mmol/l?

Hypophosphatemia Signup and view all the answers

What can cause decreased absorption of phosphate in the gastrointestinal tract?

Chronic alcoholism Signup and view all the answers

Which condition can lead to increased renal phosphate excretion?

Primary hyperparathyroidism Signup and view all the answers

What is the clinical manifestation of increased sequestration of calcium in tissues?

Skeletal muscle spasms Signup and view all the answers

In acute pancreatitis, what causes the formation of large amounts of free fatty acids that bind calcium and are deposited in tissues?

Released lipases Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a clinical consequence of hypercalcemia in the nervous system?

Hypertensive encephalopathy Signup and view all the answers

What disorder is characterized by reduced ability to concentrate urine, leading to natriuresis and polyuria?

Diabetes insipidus Signup and view all the answers

What leads to the development of hypercalciuria through increased absorption of calcium in the gastrointestinal tract?

Sarcoidosis Signup and view all the answers

What clinical consequence is associated with chronic administration of thiazide diuretics that increase calcium absorption in the distal tubules?

Hypocalciuria Signup and view all the answers

What is a common cause of increased magnesium due to nutrition and absorption disorders?

Malnutrition and malabsorption Signup and view all the answers

Which condition can lead to reduced excretion of magnesium?

Aldosteronism Signup and view all the answers

What is a clinical consequence of hypomagnesemia?

Muscle weakness and hyporeflexia Signup and view all the answers

How does hypocalcemia manifest in terms of neuromuscular excitability?

Increased excitability Signup and view all the answers

What role does parathormone play in magnesium regulation?

Increases magnesium excretion Signup and view all the answers

Why does energy deficit in cells contribute to magnesium imbalance?

Causes deficit in synthesis and use of ATP Signup and view all the answers