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Questions and Answers
Which condition is characterized by a concentration of total calcium in the serum greater than 2.53 mmol/l?
Which condition is characterized by a concentration of total calcium in the serum greater than 2.53 mmol/l?
- Hypercalcemia (correct)
- Hypocalcemia
- Hypermagnesemia
- Hypophosphatemia
What is a potential cause of hypercalcemia related to excessive intake of calcium?
What is a potential cause of hypercalcemia related to excessive intake of calcium?
- Granulomatous diseases (correct)
- Parathyroid gland dysfunction
- Renal insufficiency
- Electrolyte imbalance (hypomagnesemia)
How does alkalosis affect the concentration of ionized calcium in the body?
How does alkalosis affect the concentration of ionized calcium in the body?
- Decreases it (correct)
- Increases it
- Stabilizes it
- No effect
Which condition results in an increased urinary excretion of calcium?
Which condition results in an increased urinary excretion of calcium?
What can contribute to decreased reabsorption of calcium in the tubules?
What can contribute to decreased reabsorption of calcium in the tubules?
In hypercalcemia, what condition is characterized by a concentration of ionized calcium greater than 1.3 mmol/l?
In hypercalcemia, what condition is characterized by a concentration of ionized calcium greater than 1.3 mmol/l?
What is a potential consequence of reduced oxidative transport capacity in erythrocytes?
What is a potential consequence of reduced oxidative transport capacity in erythrocytes?
Which condition is characterized by a serum phosphate concentration greater than 1.6mm/L?
Which condition is characterized by a serum phosphate concentration greater than 1.6mm/L?
What is a potential cause of hyperphosphatemia related to the transfer of phosphate from intracellular fluid to extracellular fluid?
What is a potential cause of hyperphosphatemia related to the transfer of phosphate from intracellular fluid to extracellular fluid?
Which hormone increases resorption of bones, reabsorption in kidneys, and absorption in intestines in response to increased calcium levels?
Which hormone increases resorption of bones, reabsorption in kidneys, and absorption in intestines in response to increased calcium levels?
What is the effect of calcitonin on calcium metabolism?
What is the effect of calcitonin on calcium metabolism?
Which mineral disorder is characterized by a serum concentration greater than 1.05mmol/L?
Which mineral disorder is characterized by a serum concentration greater than 1.05mmol/L?
Where is phosphate mostly found in the body?
Where is phosphate mostly found in the body?
What is the normal concentration range of phosphorus in the serum?
What is the normal concentration range of phosphorus in the serum?
What is the primary role of phosphate in the body?
What is the primary role of phosphate in the body?
Which condition is characterized by a serum concentration of inorganic phosphate less than 0.9 mmol/l?
Which condition is characterized by a serum concentration of inorganic phosphate less than 0.9 mmol/l?
What can cause decreased absorption of phosphate in the gastrointestinal tract?
What can cause decreased absorption of phosphate in the gastrointestinal tract?
Which condition can lead to increased renal phosphate excretion?
Which condition can lead to increased renal phosphate excretion?
What is the clinical manifestation of increased sequestration of calcium in tissues?
What is the clinical manifestation of increased sequestration of calcium in tissues?
In acute pancreatitis, what causes the formation of large amounts of free fatty acids that bind calcium and are deposited in tissues?
In acute pancreatitis, what causes the formation of large amounts of free fatty acids that bind calcium and are deposited in tissues?
Which of the following is a clinical consequence of hypercalcemia in the nervous system?
Which of the following is a clinical consequence of hypercalcemia in the nervous system?
What disorder is characterized by reduced ability to concentrate urine, leading to natriuresis and polyuria?
What disorder is characterized by reduced ability to concentrate urine, leading to natriuresis and polyuria?
What leads to the development of hypercalciuria through increased absorption of calcium in the gastrointestinal tract?
What leads to the development of hypercalciuria through increased absorption of calcium in the gastrointestinal tract?
What clinical consequence is associated with chronic administration of thiazide diuretics that increase calcium absorption in the distal tubules?
What clinical consequence is associated with chronic administration of thiazide diuretics that increase calcium absorption in the distal tubules?
What is a common cause of increased magnesium due to nutrition and absorption disorders?
What is a common cause of increased magnesium due to nutrition and absorption disorders?
Which condition can lead to reduced excretion of magnesium?
Which condition can lead to reduced excretion of magnesium?
What is a clinical consequence of hypomagnesemia?
What is a clinical consequence of hypomagnesemia?
How does hypocalcemia manifest in terms of neuromuscular excitability?
How does hypocalcemia manifest in terms of neuromuscular excitability?
What role does parathormone play in magnesium regulation?
What role does parathormone play in magnesium regulation?
Why does energy deficit in cells contribute to magnesium imbalance?
Why does energy deficit in cells contribute to magnesium imbalance?
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