27 Questions
What is the primary function of the systemic system?
To carry oxygenated blood from the heart through the body and deoxygenated blood back to the heart
Which type of vessel carries deoxygenated blood to the heart?
Vein
What is the function of white blood cells (WBCs)?
To provide immunity and protect the body
What is the smallest type of vein called?
Venule
Which system's functions include filtration, reabsorption, and secretion?
Urinary system
Which type of muscles are included in the muscular system?
Cardiac, skeletal, and visceral
What is the primary function of the female reproductive system?
Procreation
Which part of the nervous system functions in communication and body control?
Brain and spinal cord
What is the main function of the pulmonary system?
Carrying deoxygenated blood to the lungs and oxygenated blood back to the heart
What is another name for a red blood cell?
Erythrocyte
Which system is responsible for gas exchange and transport?
Respiratory system
Which cell is primarily responsible for blood clotting?
Platelet
What does the sinoatrial (SA) node initiate?
Heart contractions
Which vessel carries oxygenated blood away from the heart?
Artery
What is the complete contraction and relaxation of the heart called?
Cardiac cycle
What are the formed elements found in blood?
Red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets
Which site is primarily used for venipuncture?
Antecubital fossa
What is a semisolid gel composed of clumps of RBCs in fibrin called?
Blood clot
What type of blood vessel connects arterioles and venules?
Capillary
Which system's primary function is to provide a barrier between the body and the external environment?
Integumentary system
What is the main function of the heart in the circulatory system?
Transporting gases and nutrients
Which component is NOT part of the endocrine system?
Spleen
Which of the following best describes the process of coagulation?
The process of turning blood into a semisolid gel
Which of the following best describes hemostasis?
The process of stopping bleeding and repairing blood vessels after injury
Which system is responsible for regulating the biological functions of the body through the secretion of hormones?
Endocrine system
Which of the following is NOT a function of the circulatory system?
Eliminating undigested food
Hemostasis disorders can include which of the following?
All of the above
Study Notes
Anatomy
- Study of the structure of an organism, including bones and organs.
Circulatory System
- Made up of the heart and blood vessels (aorta, arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, veins, and vena cava).
- Functions include transporting gases, nutrients, waste, and hormones, protecting against infections, and regulating body temperature.
Blood
- Liquid connective tissue composed of fluid (plasma) and formed elements (red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets).
Blood Vessel
- Tubular structure that carries blood throughout the body, including arteries, veins, and capillaries.
Body Systems
- Related structures and organs that work together to perform specific functions.
Cardiac Cycle
- Complete contraction and relaxation of the heart.
Coagulation
- Process that turns blood into a semisolid gel.
Digestive System
- Made up of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, liver, pancreas, and gallbladder.
- Functions include ingestion, digestion, absorption, and elimination.
Endocrine System
- Made up of the thyroid, parathyroid, pituitary, sex and adrenal glands, and the pancreas.
- Primary function is to regulate the biological functions of the body through the secretion of hormones.
Heart
- Pump of the circulatory system made up of four chambers (two atria and two ventricles) and enclosed in the pericardium (outer protective membrane).
Hemostasis
- Ongoing process of the body to stop bleeding and repair blood vessels after vascular injury without interrupting blood flow through the circulatory system.
Hemostasis Disorder
- Disorder in which there is an abnormality of blood function, examples include deep vein thrombosis (DVT), disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), hemophilia, and thrombocytopenia.
Homeostasis
- State of balance and optimal functioning of all body systems.
Integumentary System
- Made up of the skin, hair, nails, and sweat and sebaceous glands.
- Primary function is to provide a barrier between the body and the external environment.
Lymphatic System
- Made up of lymph nodes, spleen, and thymus.
- Primary function is a natural and adaptive immune response.
Muscular System
- Made up of different types of muscles including cardiac, skeletal, and smooth (visceral).
- Functions are movement, posture, and heat.
Nervous System
- Made up of the brain, spinal cord, nerves, and collections of nerves.
- Functions are communication, sensation, response, integration, and body control.
Physiology
- Function(s) of an organism's anatomy, including chemical and physical processes.
Platelet
- Smallest blood cell responsible for clotting of blood when an injury occurs, also known as a thrombocyte.
Pulmonary System
- Made up of the lungs and their associated organs.
- Function is to carry deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs and oxygenated blood back to the heart.
Red Blood Cell (RBC)
- Blood cell that contains hemoglobin (Hgb) and carries oxygen throughout the body, also known as an erythrocyte.
Reproductive System (Female)
- Made up of the ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, vagina, mammary glands, and vulva.
- Primary function is procreation.
Reproductive System (Male)
- Made up of the spermatic cords, scrotum, testes, sperm, epididymis, seminal vesicles, prostate gland, seminal ducts, urethra, and penis.
- Primary function is procreation.
Respiratory System
- Made up of the nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchial tubes, and lungs.
- Functions are acid-base balance, gas exchange and transport, and respiration.
Sinoatrial (SA) Node
- Electrical impulse that initiates the contraction of the heart, also known as the pacemaker.
Skeletal System
- Made up of bones, cartilage, joints, and marrow.
- Functions are support, protection, movement, storage, and production of blood cells.
Systemic System
- Made up of blood vessels that creates a path between the heart and the rest of the body.
- Function is to carry oxygenated blood from the heart through the body and deoxygenated blood back to the heart.
Urinary System
- Made up of the kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra.
- Functions are filtration, reabsorption, and secretion.
Vein
- Vessel that carries deoxygenated blood to the heart.
Vena Cava
- Largest type of vein.
Venule
- Smallest type of vein.
White Blood Cell (WBC)
- Blood cell that develops from stem cells and provides immunity to help protect the body, also known as a leukocyte.
Learn key terms related to anatomy and venipuncture for phlebotomy technicians, including antecubital fossa, aorta, and arteriole.
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