Phlebotomy: Blood Collection Methods
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Questions and Answers

What is the main reason why arterial punctures are considered risky?

  • The physician is not skilled enough
  • The blood is under pressure (correct)
  • The patient may experience pain
  • The blood sample is difficult to collect
  • What type of blood gases are typically collected through arterial puncture?

  • Insulin and Glucose
  • Urea and Creatinine
  • Cholesterol and Triglycerides
  • Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide (correct)
  • What is the purpose of evacuated tubes in venipuncture?

  • To analyze blood gases
  • To collect blood samples from arteries
  • To collect blood samples from veins (correct)
  • To collect blood samples from capillaries
  • What type of physician involvement is required for arterial puncture?

    <p>Specialized physician involvement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of tool is used in capillary puncture?

    <p>Lancet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the common site for arterial puncture?

    <p>Radial, Brachial, and Femoral arteries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is capillary puncture typically used for?

    <p>Rapid tests and POCT</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of lancets used in capillary punctures?

    <p>They come in adjustable depths</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a advantage of capillary puncture over venipuncture?

    <p>It is a less invasive method</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of evacuated tube system in venipuncture?

    <p>To create a vacuum for blood collection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a tourniquet in venipuncture?

    <p>To constrict the vein and make it more accessible</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between a 25G and a 21G needle?

    <p>The 21G needle is larger</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not a type of syringe used in venipuncture?

    <p>Automatic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of gauze in phlebotomy?

    <p>To stop bleeding and apply pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Phlebotomy Overview

    • Phlebotomy involves collecting blood samples from patients through different methods
    • Three main methods of blood collection: arterial puncture, capillary puncture, and venipuncture

    Arterial Punctures

    • Collected by physicians
    • Risky due to blood being under pressure
    • Used for arterial blood gases, acidity, alkalinity, oxygen, and carbon dioxide tests
    • Common sites: radial, brachial, and femoral arteries
    • Indications: urgent ABG tests, e.g., accident victims with chest injuries, comatose patients, or patients with severe breathing problems

    Capillary Punctures

    • Uses different types of materials: lancets (simple and retractable), automatic (pen devices), and adjustable depths
    • Advantages: small volume of blood, less invasive, and rapid tests/POCT
    • Disadvantages: small volume of blood
    • Performed perpendicular to the skin, with "milking" technique
    • Different sites for different patients, easier to acquire and perform

    Venipunctures

    • Uses different types of syringes: slip tip and luer lock
    • Syringe sizes: 3 ml, 5 ml, 10 ml, and 20 ml
    • Needle sizes: 21G, 22G, 23G, and 25G (smaller gauge means larger diameter)
    • Needle lengths: 1 inch and 1.5 inch
    • Vacutainer hubs for evacuated tube system
    • Advantages: large volume of blood, accurate results
    • Disadvantages: more invasive than capillary punctures

    Other Phlebotomy Materials

    • Capillary punctures: gauze (wet and dry), iodine tincture, lancets, micro-capillary tubes, paediatric blood tubes, regular blood tubes, and rapid/POCT devices
    • Venipuncture syringe method: needles, syringes, gauze (wet and dry), iodine tincture, lancets, regular blood tubes, blood culture bottles
    • Other materials: tourniquet, spot bandages, bio bins, and sharp disposal bins

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    Description

    Learn about different methods of blood collection, including arterial, capillary, and venipuncture, and understand the advantages and disadvantages of each technique.

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