Philosophy of the Self and Identity

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Questions and Answers

What are the two main parts of the self according to Socrates?

Body and Soul (correct)

Holistic self and Extended self

Physical self and Emotional self

Proto-self and Core self

What does the Core Self represent in the theory of the self?

The collection of memories from past experiences

The network of biochemical circuits

The awareness of physical existence

The individual's emotional state (correct)

Which level of self is considered the basis of the holistic self?

Proto-self (correct)

Extended self

Physical self

Core Self

What characterizes the Extended or Autobiographical self?

The conscious concept of personal identity Signup and view all the answers

According to the holistic model, what happens to the body and soul at the time of death?

The body remains in the physical realm while the soul ascends Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of self is characterized by neural patterns that map physical structures?

Proto-self Signup and view all the answers

In Socratic philosophy, which element of the self is considered immortal?

Soul Signup and view all the answers

Which philosopher is known for his dialogues regarding the concept of self?

Plato Signup and view all the answers

What does a robust inner self imply about managing emotions?

It suggests effective emotional management. Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of a conflict between one's inner and outer self?

Greater conflict in actions and beliefs. Signup and view all the answers

According to Kant, how can one gain a complete understanding of the self?

Through understanding both the inner and outer self. Signup and view all the answers

What does apperception refer to?

The ability to reflect on mental states and modify behavior. Signup and view all the answers

How does Kant characterize self-love or selfishness?

As natural but not constitutive. Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of a person's life significantly molds their personality according to Freud?

Childhood experiences. Signup and view all the answers

What does excessive gap between inner and outer self lead to?

Heightened internal conflict. Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between feeling pain and recognizing that you are in pain?

One is a physical experience, the other is a mental recognition. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the concept of sexuality?

A central aspect of being human that encompasses multiple dimensions Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'sex' refer to in the context of human identity?

The classification of individuals as female or male at birth Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following areas is NOT considered a genital-specific erogenous zone?

The ear lobes Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by 'sexual health'?

A fundamental aspect of overall health and well-being Signup and view all the answers

What are the phases of the sexual response cycle?

Excitement, Plateau, Orgasm, Resolution Signup and view all the answers

Which dimension does sexuality NOT typically include?

Astrological signs Signup and view all the answers

What can understanding one's sexual response cycle help improve?

Quality of sexual relationships and identification of issues Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of gender?

Biological genetics Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'sex' refer to?

The biological distinction between male and female Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately describes 'gender'?

It encompasses societal roles and personal perception. Signup and view all the answers

How does 'transgender' differ from 'transsexual'?

Transgender refers to gender identity, while transsexual involves medical interventions. Signup and view all the answers

What does consumer psychology primarily study?

Cognitive processes influencing purchasing behavior Signup and view all the answers

According to the economic model of consumer behavior, what do individuals prioritize when making purchasing decisions?

Maximizing satisfaction based on preferences and prices Signup and view all the answers

Which model emphasizes the influence of cultural norms on consumer decisions?

Social-Psychological model Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of studying consumer psychology for marketing professionals?

To gain insights into consumer decision-making processes Signup and view all the answers

What aspect does the fertility awareness-based method focus on?

Monthly fertility cycle awareness Signup and view all the answers

How do material possessions play a role in an individual's identity?

They help maintain a sense of self during changes. Signup and view all the answers

What is one negative effect of increasing consumerism mentioned?

Shifts toward competition and materialism. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about debt and consumerism is true?

Consumerism encourages the use of credit cards. Signup and view all the answers

What role do social media influencers play in consumer behavior?

They influence individuals to buy more products. Signup and view all the answers

In what way can a focus on appearance and fitness positively impact individuals?

It can enhance self-esteem and health when approached sensibly. Signup and view all the answers

How can material possessions provide a sense of connectedness?

By documenting personal history and relationships. Signup and view all the answers

What impact does consumerism have on the moral fabric of society?

It shifts values towards materialism and competition. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a perspective on the relationship between consumerism and the self?

Understanding this relationship is essential for informed purchasing choices. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

The Self

The self is our unique combination of emotions, thoughts, feelings, etc.
Socrates believed the self has two parts:
- The physical/tangible part (mortal)
- The soul (immortal)
Damaso's Holistic Self model:
- Composed of three levels:
  - Proto-self: Physical being
  - Core-self: Emotional state
  - Extended/Autobiographical self: Identity
A robust inner self allows you to manage emotions, have self-awareness, understand your values, and purpose.
When the inner and outer self are not aligned, conflict arises.

Immanuel Kant

Kant argued we have both inner and outer selves.
Apperception is the ability to be aware of your own mental states, leading to recognizing pain and attributing it to oneself.

Sigmund Freud

Childhood experiences shape our personality and adult lives.
Sexuality is fundamental to being human, encompassing sex, gender, orientation, pleasure, intimacy, and reproduction.
The sexual response cycle includes four distinct phases:
- Excitement
- Plateau
- Orgasm
- Resolution

Sex vs Gender

Sex: Biological distinction between male and female.
Gender: More complex, encompassing societal role and individual perception.

Transgender vs Transexual

Transgender: Individuals whose gender identity doesn't match assigned sex.
Transexual: Individuals seeking medical interventions to align their appearance and anatomy with their gender identity.

Sexual Health

Is crucial for individual and societal well-being.

Economic/Material Self

Consumer psychology focuses on the cognitive decision-making process and how external factors influence our choices.
Understanding consumer psychology helps marketers sell more effectively.
The economic model suggests individuals allocate income to goods that bring the most satisfaction.
The social-psychological model emphasizes how culture and social groups shape our behavior and needs.
Material possessions play a significant role in identity and self-continuity.

Arguments against Consumerism

The economy takes precedence over the environment.
Consumerism changes society's moral fabric.
It encourages debt, health problems, and does not offer fulfillment.
It can be used as a political tool and often leaves the poor behind.
Consumerism conflicts with spiritual beliefs.
Increasing consumerism shifts values from community and spirituality to competition, materialism and disconnectedness.

The Self in Economics

Understanding the relationship between consumerism and the self is crucial for making informed choices about purchasing behaviors and values.

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Description

Explore the concepts of self as proposed by great philosophers such as Socrates, Kant, and Freud. This quiz delves into the duality of the self, emotional awareness, and the impact of childhood experiences on identity. Test your understanding of the holistic model of self and its implications.