Philosophy of Science: Reasoning and Observation

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What enables humans to distinguish right from wrong?

Consequences
Reason
Freedom
Intelligence (correct)

What is the outcome of human actions that are deliberate and intentional?

They entail morality (correct)
They are only social
They are only voluntary
They are only physiological

What is the ability to 'foresee' things and decide proper actions called?

Freedom
Foresight (correct)
Intelligence
Prudence

What is the term for people who are able to practice proper actions consistently with ease?

Prudent (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the basis of accountability for human actions?

Intelligence and freedom (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of human freedom that is always conditioned by circumstances?

Limited freedom (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of Rene Descartes' 'Methodic Doubt'?

To question whatever one believes (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the core idea behind Pragmatism?

Truth has beneficial consequences (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of Phenomenology?

Investigating the nature of observable facts (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the opposite of truth, according to the lesson?

Untruth (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of a lie, according to the lesson?

An intentional false statement (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of the Existential Approach, according to the lesson?

Answering the question 'Who is man?' (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of human endeavors according to the concept of self-realization?

Pursuing happiness and eudaimonia (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the ability to anticipate the possible consequences of one's actions?

Foresight (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the etymological meaning of the term 'subject'?

To throw under (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the concept that represents the intersection of knowledge and ignorance?

Johari Window (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the unique, unrepeatable context of an individual's feelings and experiences?

Kalooban (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary distinction between philosophy and science?

One requires experimentation, and the other involves speculation. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main advantage of the mythos way of thinking?

It creates a whole social order in which all acts have meaning. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a major limitation of the mythos way of thinking?

It leads to static societies that resist innovation. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between logos and mythos?

Logos involves speculative thinking, while mythos involves supernatural explanations. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the implication of attributing natural phenomena to the actions of gods?

It leads to stagnation and a lack of innovation. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a fundamental question that philosophy addresses?

All of the above (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of death in a living organism?

The cessation of biological processes (D) Signup and view all the answers

According to Martin Heidegger, what is the existential feature of death that implies that no one can represent you or replace you in death?

Non-relationality (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the paradox of life according to Hans Jonas?

That it tends towards a natural dissolution yet clings to itself (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of death in Hannah Arendt's philosophy?

It is the end of life, but not the end for which humans were born (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the common feature of death that is shared among all living things?

Deterioration and decomposition (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the existential feature of death that implies that death is an inevitable and unavoidable event?

Inescapability (D) Signup and view all the answers