Philosophy: Norms, Values, and Thinkers

Systems of Norms, Values and Stereotypes

• A cultural-historical epoch is characterized by its outlook, which encompasses norms, values, and stereotypes.

Summa Theologica

• A book by St. Thomas Aquinas.

Philosophy

• A type of historical outlook encompassing human activity, place in the world, and morality, religion, beauty, and Being.

Chinese Thinker Mo Di

• Founder of Mohism.

Ancient Greek Philosopher's Task

• Socrates believed the main task was self-knowledge.

20th Century Philosophy of Language

• Directions in the 20th century regarding the philosophy of language include analytical philosophy, phenomenology, pragmatism, hermeneutics, and ontology.

Phenomenology of Spirit

• Written by G. Hegel.

Translation of "Axiology"

• Study of values

A Priori and A Posteriori

• Important categories used in philosophy—A priori refers to knowledge prior to experience, while A posteriori refers to knowledge obtained through experience.

Dualism in Philosophy

• The idea of two basic substances in the world—thinking and extended—originated with René Descartes.

Geocentric Perspective

• Claudius Ptolemy's geocentric view posits the Earth as the center of the universe.

Aristotle's Teacher

• Aristotle's teacher was Plato.

Aristotle's Education

• Aristotle was directly taught by Plato.

Theory of Knowledge

• Epistemology studies the nature and scope of knowledge.

Philosophy's Object

• The object of philosophy is the world as a whole and the position of humans within it.

Main Parts of Philosophy

• Ontology, epistemology, ethics, aesthetics, history, methodology, geometry, algebra, analytics, economics, and ecology are part of philosophy.

Meaning of Epistemé

• In Greek philosophy, epistemé signifies knowledge.

Greek Hedonism

• Epicurus was a prominent representative of Greek Hedonism.


Indian School Vedanta

• Vedanta is an orthodox school of Indian philosophy.

Kant's Critique

• Kant's most important work in metaphysics is the Critique of Pure Reason.

Second Kant's Critique

• The second Kant's critique is Critique of Practical Reason.

Kant's Third Critique

• The third Kant's critique is Critique of Judgement.

Leibniz's Philosophical Work

• Leibniz's most influential philosophical work is the Monadology.

Descartes's Dualism

• Descartes divided the world into two substances: extended (physical) and thinking (mental).

Descartes' Formula

• Descartes' famous formula "Cogito ergo sum" translates to "I think, therefore I am."

Universal Law in Indian Philosophy

• Karma is the concept in Indian philosophy which operates in past, present, and future.

Plato's Division

• Plato argued that everything can be divided into things and ideas or matter and form.

Method of Common Knowledge

• Deduction, blessedness, analysis, and induction are methods connected to common knowledge.

Author of Summa Theologica

• Thomas Aquinas authored the Summa Theologica.

Samsara

• Samsara is the concept of cyclical reincarnation.

Heliocentric System

• The heliocentric system was proposed by Copernicus and posits the Sun as the center of the solar system.

Baruch Spinoza's Works

• An important philosophical work of Baruch Spinoza is Ethics.

Baconian Social Utopia

• The Baconian social utopia is called New Atlantis.

Baconian Idols of Mind (2nd)

• Marketplace is the second Baconian idol of mind.

Baconian Idols of Mind (3rd)

• Cave is the third Baconian idol.

Baconian Idols of Mind (4th )

• Tribe is the fourth Baconian idol.

Prabhakara's School of Thought

• The Mimamsa school was founded by Prabhakara.

Al-Farabi's Borrowed Tradition

• Peripatetism is an important philosophical tradition that Al-Farabi borrowed from ancient philosophy.

Doctrine about Knowledge Based on Experience

• Empiricism is a doctrine of the importance of knowledge based on sensory experience.

Kant's Categorical Imperative

• Kant's categorical imperative emphasizes acting only according to that maxim whereby at the same time one can rationally wish that it should become a universal law.

Ancient Indian Schools of Logic

• Nyaya and Mimamsa developed logical explanations of the world.

Buddhism's Founder

• Gautama Siddhartha Shakyamuni founded Buddhism.

School of Buddhism

• Buddhism's school is Buddhism.


Meaning of "Philosophy"

• Philosophy is translated as love of wisdom.

Plato's School

• The school founded by Plato was the Academy.

Plato's First Teacher

• Plato's first teacher is not known.

Mo Di's School

• The school of Mohism was created by Mo Di.

Heraclitus' Arche

• Heraclitus believed the beginning of the world was fire.

Eleatic School Founder

• Parmenides founded the Eleatic school.

Zeno of Elea's Paradoxes

• Zeno of Elea developed paradoxes about concepts like motion.

Author of the Canon of Medicine

• Ibn Sina authored the canon of medicine.

Famous Turkic Philosopher

• Ibn Rushd was a prominent Turkic philosopher during the medieval Arab-Muslim era.

First Thinker of the Renaissance

• Nicholas of Cusa is considered one of the first thinkers of the Renaissance.

Main Category in Taoism

• Taoism centers around the concept of the Path.

Stoic Representatives

• Seneca was influential in Stoic thought.

Primordial Being in Indian Philosophy

• Brahman, Atma, Caste, Karma, and Samsara are concepts central to Indian philosophy.

Arab Category Tawhid

• Monotheism is the Arabic meaning of tawhid.

Origenes Adamantius' Philosophy

• Origenes Adamantius was a key figure in Patristics.

Social Agreement Theory Founder

• Thomas Hobbes is associated with the social contract theory (Leviathan).

Classical Philosophers in Ancient Greek-Roman Philosophy

• Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle were important classical Greek philosophers; their influence during the Roman era is also noteworthy.

Author of Divine Comedy

• Dante Alighieri wrote the Divine Comedy.

Psychoanalytic Theory in Human Nature

• Sigmund Freud is well-known for psychoanalytic theories about human nature.

Postulate of Empiricism

• All knowledge based on experience is a core principle of empiricism.

Renaissance Human

• The Renaissance human was considered a creator, artist, and microcosm, emphasizing the importance of the human form and abilities.

God's Role

• The idea that global events and human existence are controlled by God is known as providentialism.

Main Category in Taoism

• Path (Tao).

Greek School Problem

• The most crucial query of the early Greek philosophy was the origin of the world and its components.

Nietzsche's Idea about Human Nature

• Nietzsche's philosophy posited that human nature is fundamentally composed of two opposing forces: Dionysian and Apollonian.

God's Creation

• The idea that the world was created by God is known as creationism.

Second Teacher

• Al-Farabi is recognized as the second teacher and author of The Treatise of the views of the citizens of a Virtuous City.

Socrates, Plato, and Augustine's Similarity

• Socrates, Plato, and Augustine shared a common interest in the concept of the soul and its immortality.

Scholasticism

• Scholasticism refers to the Medieval approach to philosophy, and it's primarily European.

Founder of the Eleatic School

• Parmenides, not Socrates, was the founder of the Eleatic school.

Author of Apory (Paradoxes) 

• Zeno of Elea is known for his paradoxes.

An Arabic Category of Tawhid

• Monotheism. 


Explore the intricate systems of norms and values that influence philosophical thought throughout history. This quiz covers key figures and concepts, from St. Thomas Aquinas's 'Summa Theologica' to the philosophies of Mo Di and Socrates. Test your knowledge of different philosophical movements and their perspectives on language and ethics.