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Questions and Answers
What does Chapter 14 discuss?
What does Chapter 14 discuss?
What is a 'Law of Nature'?
What is a 'Law of Nature'?
A general rule discovered through reason that affirms human self-preservation and condemns acts destructive to human life.
Natural law demands that we seek peace because __________.
Natural law demands that we seek peace because __________.
to seek peace is to fulfill our natural right to defend ourselves.
What does the second law of nature entail?
What does the second law of nature entail?
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Why can the right of self-preservation never be given up?
Why can the right of self-preservation never be given up?
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What does the contract, or covenant, represent according to natural law?
What does the contract, or covenant, represent according to natural law?
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What are the two types of persons described?
What are the two types of persons described?
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Define a 'natural person'.
Define a 'natural person'.
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Define an 'artificial person'.
Define an 'artificial person'.
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The contract becomes a representative of __________.
The contract becomes a representative of __________.
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Why does the contract fit the definition of an artificial person?
Why does the contract fit the definition of an artificial person?
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Study Notes
Natural Laws and Contracts
- Chapter 14 discusses the first and second Natural Laws in the context of social contracts.
- A "Law of Nature" reflects a universal principle derived from reason promoting self-preservation while denouncing actions harmful to human life.
Seeking Peace
- Natural law compels individuals to pursue peace as a way to uphold the natural right to self-defense.
Second Law of Nature
- The second law necessitates the relinquishment of certain rights, including the right to kill, to avoid perpetual conflict inherent in the state of nature.
Right of Self-Preservation
- The right to self-preservation remains inviolable, forming the foundational basis for social contracts.
The Contract and Natural Law
- The social contract, guided by natural law, embodies and represents all individuals engaged in the covenant.
Types of Persons in Contracts
- Distinction between two types of persons: natural persons and artificial persons.
Definition of Natural and Artificial Persons
- A "natural person" articulates personal words and opinions autonomously.
- An "artificial person" conveys words or views articulated by another individual.
Representation in Contracts
- The social contract serves as a representative of natural persons, encapsulating their collective agency.
Artificial Person Concept
- Since the contract acts as a representative echoing the voices of natural persons, it constitutes an "artificial person" by definition.
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Description
Explore the concepts of natural law and social contracts in this chapter. Delve into the first and second laws of nature, the importance of self-preservation, and the implications for personal rights and peace. Understand the distinction between natural and artificial persons within the context of contracts.
