Philosophies of Education Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What is Essentialism in education?

A theory of learning based on observable behaviors.

A philosophy focusing on individual choice and standards.

The belief that ideas are the only true reality.

The view that all children should be taught the ideas and methods deemed essential to the prevalent culture. (correct)

What does Existentialism focus on?

Individual choice and the development of authentic individuals. (correct)

Understanding observable data.

The ideas that have lasted over centuries.

The physical world has inherent meaning.

What is a central tenet of Idealism?

Behavior is learned through environmental conditions.

Learning is focused on observable behaviors.

Ideas are the only true reality. (correct)

Reality is defined by social reform.

What does Realism emphasize?

The ultimate reality is the world of physical objects. Signup and view all the answers

Pragmatism teaches that:

We learn best through applying our experiences to problems. Signup and view all the answers

Behaviorism focuses on which of the following?

Objectively observable behaviors. Signup and view all the answers

What does Reconstructionism aim to emphasize in education?

Addressing social questions and promoting democracy. Signup and view all the answers

What is the belief of Perennialism in education?

Education should reflect the ideas that have lasted over centuries. Signup and view all the answers

Progressivism believes education should focus on:

The whole child and their experiences. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Essentialism

Advocates for teaching children essential ideas and methods of the prevailing culture.
Emphasizes traditional educational practices.

Existentialism

Asserts that the physical world lacks inherent meaning without human experience.
Centers on individual choice and personal standards, rejecting external philosophical systems.
Focuses on defining oneself through personal choices and the quest for authentic living.

Idealism

Positions ideas as the only true reality, emphasizing their worth in education.
Pursues truth, beauty, and justice through conscious reasoning and intellectual exploration.

Realism

Defines ultimate reality as the objective physical world, focusing on observable truths.
Associated with Aristotle, known as the father of Realism and the scientific method.
Encourages understanding of objects through careful observation and analysis of their unchanging essence.

Pragmatism

Views reality as fluid and evolving, emphasizing learning through practical experience.
Rejects absolute truths in favor of truths defined by their utility; termed experientialism.

Behaviorism

Learning is defined strictly through observable behaviors, minimizing the role of mental processes.
Considers behavior acquisition as influenced by external environmental conditions and stimuli.

Reconstructionalism

Focuses on addressing social issues and promoting societal improvement through education.
Aims for social reform within educational curriculum, fostering worldwide democracy.

Perennialism

Argues for a curriculum centered on enduring ideas that have held significance over centuries.
Considers these ideas as perpetually relevant in contemporary education.

Progressivism

Advocates for an educational approach centered around the holistic development of the child.
Emphasizes active experimentation and learner-driven inquiries to engage with the world meaningfully.

Description

Explore essential concepts in educational philosophies with these flashcards. Delve into the definitions and principles of Essentialism and Existentialism, key ideas shaping modern education. Perfect for students and educators alike!