Philippine Values: Family, Identity & Society

• The Institutes of Philippine Culture (IPC) is a social science and research organization at the Ateneo de Manila University.
• The IPC conducts research and disseminates knowledge in the social sciences.
• The IPC focuses on issues related to poverty, social inequality, and sustainable development.
• The IPC has contributed significantly to the understanding of Philippine values.

Studies on Philippine Values

• Studies on Philippine values are numerous and diverse.
• Many studies attempt to identify core values that are characteristic of Filipinos.
• Common Philippine values include family orientation, "pakikipagkapwa-tao" (shared identity), and religiosity.
• These values influence behavior and decision-making across various aspects of life like family, work, and community.

Key Philippine Values

Family Orientation

• Family is central to Filipino society.
• Strong ties and obligations exist among family members.
• Filipinos often prioritize the needs of the family over individual desires.
• The family provides emotional, social, and economic support.
• Decisions are often made collectively, considering the impact on the entire family.
• "Utang na loob" (debt of gratitude) within the family reinforces commitment and loyalty.

Pakikipagkapwa-tao (Shared Identity)

• "Pakikipagkapwa-tao" emphasizes interpersonal relationships and harmony.
• It involves treating others with respect, empathy, and compassion.
• This value promotes a sense of community and social solidarity.
• Concepts related to it include "pakikisama" (getting along), "pakikiramdam" (shared feelings), and "bayanihan" (community spirit).
• "Pakikisama" aims to maintain smooth interpersonal relations by avoiding conflict.
• "Pakikiramdam" involves sensitivity to the feelings of others.
• "Bayanihan" is the spirit of communal unity, work, and cooperation to achieve a particular goal.

Religiosity

• Religion plays a significant role in the lives of many Filipinos.
• Christianity is the dominant religion, influencing moral and ethical values.
• Religious beliefs and practices permeate daily life.
• Many Filipinos seek guidance and strength from their faith.
• Religious events and celebrations are integral to Filipino culture.

Other Important Values

• "Hiya" (shame) is a sensitivity to social approval and disapproval.
• It can influence behavior to conform to social norms and avoid embarrassment.
• "Bahala na" (come what may) reflects a fatalistic acceptance of events.
• It also expresses determination in the face of uncertainty.
• "Utang na loob" (debt of gratitude) is the obligation to repay kindness.
• It creates reciprocal relationships and strengthens social bonds.

Influence of Values

• Philippine values influence many aspects of Filipino life.
• In the workplace, values impact leadership styles, teamwork, and decision-making.
• In education, values shape the way students learn and interact with teachers.
• In politics, values influence voting behavior and public service.
• Understanding Philippine values is essential for effective communication and collaboration with Filipinos.
• Foreigners doing business may benefit from this comprehension.
• Cultural sensitivity is important to building trust and fostering positive relationships.

Criticisms and Challenges

• Some Philippine values have been criticized for hindering progress and development.
• "Bahala na" can lead to passivity and a lack of planning.
• "Hiya" can stifle creativity and discourage risk-taking.
• Strong family ties can result in nepotism and corruption.
• The challenge lies in harnessing the positive aspects of these values while mitigating the negative ones.
• Adapting traditional values to modern contexts is an ongoing process.

Studies by the IPC

• The IPC has conducted research on the changing nature of Philippine values.
• Studies examine how globalization, urbanization, and technology influence values.
• Research explores the ways in which values contribute to or hinder social development.
• The IPC aims to provide evidence-based insights to inform policy and practice.
• The IPC helps promote a deeper understanding of Filipino culture and society.