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Questions and Answers
What method was used to determine the age of the Callao Man's foot bone?
What method was used to determine the age of the Callao Man's foot bone?
What was the profession of Dr. Armand Mijares who led the team of archaeologists in 2007?
What was the profession of Dr. Armand Mijares who led the team of archaeologists in 2007?
What was the estimated age of the Callao Man compared to the Tabon Man?
What was the estimated age of the Callao Man compared to the Tabon Man?
What was the main source of living for the inhabitants of the Philippine Archipelago who lived in water areas?
What was the main source of living for the inhabitants of the Philippine Archipelago who lived in water areas?
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What was the characteristic of the tribal groups that lived in forests?
What was the characteristic of the tribal groups that lived in forests?
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What was the common spiritual tradition practiced by the prehistoric people in the Philippines?
What was the common spiritual tradition practiced by the prehistoric people in the Philippines?
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What was the name of the supreme God for the Tagalog people?
What was the name of the supreme God for the Tagalog people?
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How many individuals composed the communities formed by the early Filipinos?
How many individuals composed the communities formed by the early Filipinos?
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Who discovered the Tabon Man skull cap in 1962?
Who discovered the Tabon Man skull cap in 1962?
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What was the name used by the Chinese to refer to the Philippines?
What was the name used by the Chinese to refer to the Philippines?
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What was the name of the vessel used by the Proto-Malays to arrive in the Philippines?
What was the name of the vessel used by the Proto-Malays to arrive in the Philippines?
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What was the name of the theory introduced by Henry Otley Beyer?
What was the name of the theory introduced by Henry Otley Beyer?
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What was the name of the people who came to the Philippines through land bridges?
What was the name of the people who came to the Philippines through land bridges?
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What was the name of the ancient human who lived in the Stone Age?
What was the name of the ancient human who lived in the Stone Age?
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What was the name of the former name of Thailand?
What was the name of the former name of Thailand?
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What was the occupation of the Negritos?
What was the occupation of the Negritos?
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Study Notes
Pre-Colonial Period
- The Philippines was named after Ruy López de Villalobos, a Spanish explorer.
- The name "Ma-i" was used by Chinese to refer to the Philippines, specifically Luzon.
- Siam was the former name of Thailand.
Early Migrants
- Negritos, including Aeta, Agta, and Ayta, were the first settlers in the Philippines, arriving through land bridges.
- They were skilled hunters and food gatherers, and were considered nomads.
- Proto-Malays, a Mongol-Asiatic race, arrived around 2500 BC, using oceanic vessels called balangays.
- They brought seafaring, farming, and other skills, including building houses from trees and creating fire for cooking.
Deuterio-Malays
- Deuterio-Malays, an India-Asiatic race, arrived later, with a more advanced culture.
- They possessed their own systems of writing, knowledge, and skills in agriculture, metallurgy, jewelry-making, and boat-building.
Early Philippine Society
- The Tabon Man, discovered in 1962, lived in the Stone Age and knew how to make and use tools.
- Negritos were early settlers, but their arrival in the Philippines has not been reliably dated.
- The Callao Man, discovered in 2007, is believed to be 20,000 years older than the Tabon Man.
Peopling of the Pre-Colonial Philippines
- By 3000 BC, the inhabitants of the Philippine Archipelago had developed into four distinct kinds of peoples, including tribal groups.
- These groups, such as the Aetas, Hanunoo, and Mangyan, depended on hunter-gathering and were concentrated in forests.
Pre-Colonial Culture
- Early Filipinos formed their own communities, systems of education, and religious beliefs.
- They grouped into different communities, with 50 to 2000 individuals, and built shelters in different areas according to their lifestyle and source of living.
- They had a strong connection to nature, with water areas providing fish, shells, and pearls, and land areas used for cultivating rice, bananas, and crops.
Animistic Beliefs
- Early Filipinos practiced animistic spiritual traditions, believing in good and bad spirits.
- Anito or Diwata were believed to be good and bad spirits, with the good spirits considered as relatives and the bad as enemies.
- Different regions had their own supreme gods, including Bathala (Tagalog), Laon or Abba (Visayan), Ikasi (Zambal), Gugurang (Bicol), Kabunian (Ilocano and Ifugao), and Idialao (others).
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Description
Explore the early history of the Philippines, from the arrival of the first migrants to the development of ancient civilization. Learn about the Negritos, the first inhabitants of the islands.
