Philippine Politics & Governance Exam 2nd Semester

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Questions and Answers

Explain how decentralization can potentially lead to more efficient local governance.

By transferring authority and resources to local levels, decentralization allows local governments to respond more effectively to the specific needs of their communities, fostering innovation and accountability.

If the Supreme Court declares a law unconstitutional, what principle of judicial review are they exercising?

Judicial Review is being exercised. Through this, the judiciary ensures that all branches of government adhere to constitutional limits.

Contrast referendum and plebiscite in terms of their application in Philippine governance.

Both are votes by the people, but referendum is for approving or rejecting a law, while plebiscite is for confirming or rejecting actions of the government.

Explain the significance of local autonomy in the context of the Philippines' political structure.

<p>Local autonomy allows local government units a degree of self-governance, enabling them to address local needs and priorities with less central government intervention.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The COMELEC's powers are classified into quasi-legislative and quasi-judicial. Provide an example of a quasi-legislative power that COMELEC possesses.

<p>COMELEC’s power to promulgate rules and regulations related to the conduct of elections is quasi-legislative.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What practical challenges might COMELEC face when implementing an automated election system, based on the text?

<p>Ensuring the reliability and security of the technology, addressing potential for fraud, and ensuring accessibility for all voters would all be challenges.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe a scenario where the Sharia Court's jurisdiction would apply in the Philippines.

<p>The Sharia Court’s jurisdiction would apply in cases involving family law disputes among Muslim Filipinos.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the presence of Autonomous Regions like BARMM reflect the principle of decentralization?

<p>By granting greater self-governance to regions with distinct cultural identities, decentralization is reflected. Power is shifted away from the centralized government.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain how Intellectual Property rights relate to the voters right to suffrage.

<p>These two ideas are not related. Right to Suffrage is the right to vote, while intellectual property covers artistic works or inventions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a candidate loses an election and believes there were irregularities in the vote count, to which court would they likely appeal?

<p>Depending on the position, it could be the Regional Trial Court. Contested presidential or vice-presidential elections are handled by the Supreme Court.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Election

The formal process of selecting a person for public office or accepting a political proposition by voting.

COMELEC

The principal government agency tasked to enforce and administer laws and regulations concerning the conduct of elections.

Judiciary

The branch of Philippine Government responsible for the legal system, consisting of all the judges in the country's courts of law.

Judiciary Power

The power to decide on legal disputes.

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Plebiscite

A vote of the people expressing their choice for or against a proposed law or enactment submitted to them.

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Court of Tax Appeals

A court that reviews appeals for civil and criminal tax cases.

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Local Autonomy

The degree of self-determination exercised by a local government unit relative to the central government.

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Decentralization

Transfer of authority, responsibility, and resources from the center to lower levels of administration.

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Regular Election

Nationwide election to select officials who will succeed incumbents after their terms.

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Natural-born Citizen

Citizenship qualification for running for President

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Study Notes

  • Study notes for Philippine Politics and Governance, Second Semester, Fourth Quarterly Examination

Identification

  • State Head: The head of a state
  • Cities/Municipalities Head: A person in charge of cities or Municipalities
  • Barangays Head: In charge of the Barangay's
  • Judiciary Head: In charge of the judicary
  • Incumbent Senate President: Current serving senate president
  • Incumbent House Speaker: Current serving in the house of speakers
  • Number of Provinces: Total amount of provinces in the Philippines
  • Youth Representative: Represents the youth in the government particularly in the Barangay
  • Court for Muslim Filipinos: Court that is limited to muslim filipinos
  • Basic Local Government Unit: Basic local government unit in the Philippines

Multiple Choice

  • Election: Formal process of selecting a person for public office or of accepting/rejecting a political proposition by voting
  • R.A 7160: In 1991, congress enacted the Local Government Code of the Philippines
  • Right to Suffrage: Allows citizens to vote in electing public officials
  • Article V: Pertains to the right of every Filipino to vote according to the constitution
  • COMELEC: Principal government agency tasked by the constitution to enforce and administer the laws and regulations concerning the conduct of regular and special elections
  • 1st Monday of May: Regular elections typically held
  • Accurate Term Limit: The president has a term of six years and isn't eligible for reelection on the same office
  • Voting in Absentia: Special type of voting that allows a member of AFP, PNP, and others to vote where they are temporarily assigned to perform duties on election days
  • Automated System: A voting system using appropriate technology and devices to count the votes
  • Commissioners: 6 of these make up the COMELEC along with a chairman
  • Judiciary: Branch of the Philippine government is responsible for the legal system which consists of all the judges in the country's court of law
  • Judiciary Power: The power to decide on legal disputes
  • Court of Appeals: Function as the reviewing court
  • Sharia Court: These special courts have similar powers to regular courts but the judicial powers are limited to Muslim Filipinos
  • Philppine Sports Commission: Quasi-judicial agencies
  • Alexander Gesmundo: Incumbent Chief Justice if the Philippines
  • Referendum: Vote of the people expressing their choice for or against a proposed law
  • Court of Tax Appeals: Reviews the appeals for civil and criminal tax cases
  • Chief Justice: Highest position in the judiciary branch of the government
  • Sandiganbayan: Special court that has jurisdiction over civil cases commited by officers and those in government controlled
  • Supreme Court: Known as the court of last resort
  • Apoliticism: Judges expected to be free from political bias
  • Local Government: Political subdivision of a nation or state which is constituted by law and has substantial control of local affairs
  • Local Governance: Management and service of political, economic, and administrative affairs of the territorial and political subdivisions of the state.
  • Local Autonomy: Degree of self-determination exercised by a local government unit in comparison to other levels of government
  • Decentralization: Transfer of authority, responsibility and resources from the center to the lower levels of administration
  • Autonomous Regions: Political subdivision which includes the BARMM and CAR
  • Centralization: Type of distribution of national power in which power is concentrated at the top
  • Mayor: Person who heads the local government of the municipality or city
  • General Election: Type of election conducted nation wide to elect officials who will succeed incumbents
  • Term Limit for House of Representatives: Term of three years and cannot run for more than three consecutive terms
  • Residency: The qualifications of voters in the country except one is residency
  • Natural-born Citizen: Qualification for someone to run for the position of President
  • Administrative/Quasi-Legislative and Quasi-judicial: Power of COMELEC are classified into

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