Philippine Penal Code - Key Articles
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Questions and Answers

What type of felony is considered consummated?

  • When the offense is proposed to another person.
  • When the offender performs all necessary acts for its execution. (correct)
  • When the offender begins to execute it but fails.
  • When the felony is not carried out due to unforeseen circumstances.

Light felonies are punishable regardless of whether they are consummated or not.

False (B)

What is required for an act to be classified as an attempted felony?

The offender must commence the commission of a felony but does not perform all acts necessary due to external causes.

A felony is _____ when the offender performs all acts that lead to the felony but it does not occur due to causes independent of their will.

<p>frustrated</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the types of felonies with their definitions:

<p>Grave felonies = Capital punishment or afflictive penalties Less grave felonies = Penalties less severe than grave felonies Light felonies = Punishable only if consummated, except against persons or property Conspiracy = Agreement between two or more persons to commit a felony</p> Signup and view all the answers

When does the Code take effect?

<p>January 1, 1932 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Only acts within the Philippine Archipelago are enforceable under this Code.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are felonies as defined in the Code?

<p>Acts and omissions punishable by law.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Criminal liability is incurred by any person committing a __________.

<p>felony</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a basis for applying the provisions of this Code outside the Philippine jurisdiction?

<p>Being a mere bystander in a crime (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used for deceit in committing a felony?

<p>dolo</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their definitions:

<p>Deceit = Deliberate intent in an act Fault = Wrong act due to negligence Felony = Act punishable by law Impossibility = Inability to accomplish an offense</p> Signup and view all the answers

A court must report to the Chief Executive if it believes an act should be made punishable by law.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Consummated Felony

A crime is considered consummated when all the steps necessary for its completion have occurred, resulting in the crime being fully carried out. This means the offender successfully accomplished all the intended acts.

Frustrated Felony

A crime is frustrated when the offender performs all the necessary actions to commit the crime, but something outside of their control prevents the crime from being fully completed. The offender intended to cause the result but failed due to factors beyond their will.

Attempted Felony

An attempted felony occurs when the offender starts taking actions to commit a crime but doesn't complete all the steps necessary for its execution. The offender is interrupted before reaching the final stage due to reasons other than their voluntary decision to stop.

Conspiracy

A conspiracy happens when two or more individuals agree to commit a crime and plan how to carry it out. The intent to commit the crime is present, but the actual act may not have been carried out.

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Proposal to Commit a Felony

A proposal to commit a felony occurs when an individual suggests the execution of a crime to another person or group. It involves initiating the idea or plan for the crime, but the actual agreement or participation of others may not be confirmed.

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Felonies (Delitos)

Acts or omissions that are punishable by law. These acts can be committed either intentionally or by negligence.

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Deceit (Dolo)

When a person commits an act with deliberate intent, aiming to accomplish a specific wrongful act.

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Fault (Culpa)

When a wrongful act is committed due to carelessness, recklessness, or lack of proper skill.

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Criminal Liability - Different Outcome

A person can be held responsible for a crime even if the actual outcome was not what they intended.

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Criminal Liability - Impossible Act

A person can still be held criminally liable even if their act was impossible to complete or they used inadequate methods.

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Court's Duty for Unpunished Acts

Courts may determine punishments for acts that are not specifically covered by law.

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Court's Duty - Excessive Penalties

When a court deems a punishment to be excessive, it can recommend legislation to change the penalty.

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Application of the Code

The Philippine legal code applies to acts committed within and outside of the country.

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Study Notes

Philippine Penal Code - Key Articles

  • Effective Date: The Code takes effect January 1, 1932.

Application of the Code

  • Territorial Scope: Applies within the Philippine Archipelago (including atmosphere, interior waters, and maritime zone) and outside its jurisdiction under specific circumstances.

  • Offenses Covered: Applies to those who commit offenses on Philippine ships/airships, forge/counterfeit Philippine currency/securities, are liable for acts related to the introduction of these items into the Islands, commit offenses while being public officials, or commit crimes against national security/international law. These crimes are outlined in Title One, Book Two of the Code.

Definitions and Criminal Liability

  • Felonies (Delitos): Acts/omissions punishable by law. They are committed by deceit (dolo) or fault (culpa). Deceit involves deliberate intent and fault results from negligence, lack of skill, etc.

  • Criminal Liability: Applies even when the wrongful act differs from the intended one. Also applies to acts attempting offenses against persons/property, if the failure is due to impossible accomplishment or inadequate means.

  • Court Duty (Unpunishable Acts/Excessive Penalties): Courts must report to the Chief Executive when an act warrants repression but isn't covered. They also must report if the enforcement of the Code results in excessive penalties. This would include details about malice and injury caused by offense.

Classification of Felonies

  • Consummated, Frustrated, and Attempted Felonies: All three are punishable.

    • Consummated: All necessary elements for execution and accomplishment are present.
    • Frustrated: All acts of execution leading to the crime are committed, but no consequence due to external factors.
    • Attempted: Commencement of a crime is made but full execution doesn't happen due to some other cause.

  • Light Felonies: Only punishable when consummated, with exceptions for offenses against persons/property.

  • Conspiracy and Proposal: Punishable only when explicitly outlined in the law.

    • Conspiracy: Agreement and decision to commit a felony.
    • Proposal: A felony's execution being proposed.

  • Grave, Less Grave, and Light Felonies:

    • Grave Felonies are punishable by capital punishments/afflictive penalties defined in Article 25.

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Description

Explore the essential articles of the Philippine Penal Code, effective since January 1, 1932. This quiz covers the territorial scope, definitions of felonies, and criminal liability under the code. Test your knowledge on the offenses outlined in Title One, Book Two.

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