Philippine Literature Timeline Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is literature?

Literature is any single body of written works that is considered to be an art form or has artistic or intellectual value.

What are the literary forms of pre-colonial literature in the Philippines?

Tanaga (stanza with four lines) (correct)

Proverbs (wise saying) (correct)

Essays

Riddles (bugtong) (correct)

Which period refers to the time of Spanish colonization in the Philippines?

Spanish Colonial (correct)

Revolutionary Period

Pre-colonial

American Period

What characterizes the Revolutionary Period in Philippine literature?

It planted seeds of nationalism, shifted language from Spanish to Tagalog, and addressed the masses. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following were prominent works during the Revolutionary Period?

Noli Me Tangere Signup and view all the answers

What characterized the American Period in Philippine literature?

Filipino writers imitated English and American models Signup and view all the answers

Who is known as 'Doveglion' and the 'Comma Poet'?

Jose Garcia-Villa Signup and view all the answers

During which period did the Philippines experience Japanese occupation?

Japanese Occupation Period Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes the contemporary period in Philippine literature?

It features a variety of literary styles, themes, and reflects the diversity of Filipino culture. Signup and view all the answers

Which literary form from the pre-colonial period is characterized by a stanza with four lines that expresses life lessons?

Tanaga Signup and view all the answers

What significant medium of communication was introduced during the Spanish Colonial period?

Spanish Signup and view all the answers

Which work is considered a political novel addressing the Filipino identity during colonial rule?

Noli Me Tangere Signup and view all the answers

The introduction of the printing press during the Spanish Colonial period mainly replaced which traditional form of literature?

Oral tradition Signup and view all the answers

During the Revolutionary Period, literature primarily shifted its focus to which audience?

Common masses Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic did NOT define the American Period in Philippine literature?

Mature and original Tagalog poetry Signup and view all the answers

What was a key feature of the Japanese Occupation Period in Philippine literature?

Curtailment of human rights and freedom of expression Signup and view all the answers

During which period did Filipino writers begin to break away from the Balagtas tradition?

Japanese Occupation Period Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements best describes the work of Jose Garcia-Villa?

His works incorporated elements of modern western literary forms. Signup and view all the answers

What underlying theme was prevalent in the works of writers during the Contemporary Period?

Dynamism and innovation amidst censorship Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Philippine Literature: A Timeline

Pre-Colonial Period (BC to 1564):
- Literature was based on oral tradition.
- It reflected everyday life and activities.
- Native languages were used.
- Forms: riddles (bugtong), proverbs (wise sayings), and tanaga (four-line stanzas expressing life lessons).

Spanish Colonial Period (1565-1863)

Two classifications:
- Religious: focused on spreading Christianity
- Secular: explored everyday life and social issues
Spanish became the primary language of communication.
The introduction of the printing press shifted from oral tradition to written forms.

Revolutionary Period (1864-1896)

Nationalism was a central theme.
Tagalog replaced Spanish as the dominant language.
Literature focused on the masses, not just the elite.
Propaganda movement:
- Political novels like Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo by Jose Rizal explored Filipino identity and criticized Spanish colonialism.
- Political essays like Diariong Tagalog and La Solidaridad were critical of Spanish rule.

American Period (1910-1945)

Filipino writers began to imitate English and American literary styles.
Influenced by Western literary trends like romanticism and realism.
Notable authors: Jose Garcia Villa (known as Doveglion and the Comma Poet)
- His work included Footnote to Youth, Many Voices, and Have Come.
- Focused on magical, musical, and fiery poetry.

Japanese Occupation Period (1942-1945)

Known as a period of maturity and originality.
Tagalog poets moved away from traditional forms and embraced simple language and free verse.
Fiction gained prominence over poetry.
Filipino writers honed their skills in English and experimented with diverse techniques.

Contemporary Period (1960-present)

Martial law led to censorship and repression of human rights, including freedom of the press.
Writers used symbolism and allegory to express their messages, challenging censorship.
Theater became a platform for protest.
Since the 1980s, Filipino writers have continued to be innovative and dynamic.

Literary Genres in the 21st Century

Emerging and evolving genres reflect changes in society, technology, and culture.