Philippine Literature Through the Ages
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Questions and Answers

Which literary form is characterized by its use of dialogue simulating social network exchanges, often incorporating millennial expressions and emoticons?

  • Illustrated Novel
  • Text-Talk Novel (correct)
  • Doodle Fiction
  • Graphic Novel

    • What distinguishes a 'Tanaga' from a 'Haiku' in Filipino literature?

  • Haiku is a form of protest against Spanish occupation and Tanaga is about nature.
  • Tanaga focuses on moral lessons and has a 7-7-7-7 syllable structure, while Haiku is 5-7-5 with no rhyme. (correct)
  • Tanaga is about nature and seasons, while Haiku is about moral lessons.
  • Haiku has rhyme and is written in 7-7-7-7 syllable structure, while Tanaga is 5-7-5 without rhyme.

    • Which of the following best describes the literary concept of 'poetic license'?

  • The constraint on writers to stick to historical facts and literal interpretations.
  • The duty of writers to follow grammatical traditions and rules.
  • The requirement to adhere strictly to traditional rhyming schemes and meter.
  • The freedom writers have to interpret events or language for their artistic expression. (correct)

    • In the context of spoken word poetry, what is the significance of a 'reverse poem'?

    <p>A poem that has two opposite meanings when read from top to bottom and then bottom to top. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic that defines 'Blackout Poetry'?

    <p>It creates new meaning by highlighting text from an already written piece. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During the American Period, what common themes emerged in Filipino literature?

    <p>Romance, nationalism, cultural identity, and social realism (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a 'Balagtasan'?

    <p>A form of Filipino debate done in verse during the Spanish era. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role did pseudonyms play in Filipino Literature during the period of Enlightenment?

    <p>They were used by writers to protect their identities and avoid persecution by Spanish authorities. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What makes Paz Marquez Benitez's 'Dead Stars' significant in Philippine Literary history?

    <p>It is the first modern short story written in English by a Filipino writer. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of limiting freedom of speech on literature creation?

    <p>It restricts overt expression by writers and promotes use of allegory and symbolism. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Balagtasan

    A form of Filipino debate in verse, often performed in a competitive setting.

    Rap Poetry

    A genre of poetry that emerged in the US during the 1980s, using musical elements, and often addressing personal and social issues.

    Hyper Poetry

    A digital poetry format where links and hypertext create a multi-layered and interactive reading experience.

    Spoken Word Poetry

    Poetry that is performed live, often in open mic settings, emphasizing delivery, language, and storytelling.

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    Illustrated Novel

    Illustrated novels that incorporate a significant amount of visual storytelling, often with 50% or more of the narrative told through images.

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    Text-Talk Novel

    A genre of literature where stories are told primarily through dialogue, simulating online conversations like social media.

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    Graphic Novel

    A form of written literature that utilizes both words and pictures to create a narrative, often published in comic book format.

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    Dead Stars by Paz Marquez Benitez

    The first modern short story written in English by a Filipino author, exploring themes of love, societal pressures, and personal realizations.

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    Acrostic Poetry

    A poetic style where the first letter of each line, when read vertically, spells out a word or message.

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    Wordplay

    A literary technique where words or phrases have multiple meanings, often used for humor or to create deeper layers of interpretation.

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    Study Notes

    Philippine Literature Through the Ages

    • Pre-Colonial Period: Oral tradition dominated, encompassing myths, legends, epics, riddles, proverbs, and folk songs.

    Spanish Period

    • Cultural Influence: Spanish colonization introduced Christianity and the Spanish language.
    • Doctrina Christiana: The first religious book printed in the Philippines.
    • Pasyon: A Filipino epic narrative detailing the life, passion, death, and resurrection of Jesus Christ.
    • Florante at Laura: A love story allegorically depicting social injustices during Spanish rule.
    • Balagtasan: A form of Filipino verse debate.

    Period of Enlightenment

    • Secular and Nationalistic Themes: Literature reflected a desire to challenge Spanish authority and assert Filipino identity.
    • Illustrados: The educated class, actively involved in socio-political reform.
    • Key Figures: Jose Rizal, Marcelo H. Del Pilar, Graciano Lopez-Jaena, Antonio Luna.
    • La Solidaridad: A journal of the reform movement advocating for social and political change.

    American Period

    • Language Shift: English became prominent.
    • Themes: Romance, nationalism, cultural identity, and social realism emerged as literary themes.
    • Key Figures: Jose Garcia Villa (comma poetry, "poreglion") and Paz Marquez Benitez (short stories, Dead Stars).

    Japanese Period

    • Resistance Literature: Literature often presented a mixture of propaganda and nationalist sentiments as a form of resistance.
    • Influence: Japanese art forms like haiku (seasonal, environmental, 5-7-5 syllables) and tanaga (7-7-7-7 syllables and rhyming) were also adopted.

    The Period of the New Society

    • Limited Freedom: Restrictions on freedom of speech and censorship.
    • Protest Literature: Writers used allegory, symbolism, and satire to express protest.
    • Literary Activism: A new form of literary activism emerged to fight for freedom of expression.
    • Key Figure: Lourd De Verga, known for his satirical voice and commentaries.
    • Acrostic: Literary device to communicate hidden information in a poem.

    21st Century Literature

    • Digital and New Media: Literature integrated digital and new media platforms.
    • Themes: Themes of identity and social issues remain central.
    • Multilingualism: Multilingualism and bilingualism feature distinctively.

    Paz Marquez Benitez's Dead Stars (1925)

    • Significance: First Filipino modernist short story in English.
    • Characters:
      • Alfred Salazar: A non-stereotypical male character.
      • Esperanza: A conventionally attractive female character.
      • Julia Salas: A less overtly beautiful female character.
    • Plot Overview: Alfredo's engagement to Esperanza, his affair with Julia, and the unraveling of relationships.

    Poetry and Spoken Word Poetry

    • Forms: Rap poetry, hyper poetry, blackout poetry, and spoken word poetry, emphasizing diverse styles.
    • Content: Exploration of human experiences and societal issues.
    • Purpose: Reflect, inform, entertain, raise awareness.
    • Elements: Rhymes, figurative language, literary devices, delivery, language, and wordplay.

    Poetry Genres

    • Rap Poetry: African-American style, incorporating cadence, delivery between speaking and singing, and addressing personal and societal issues.
    • Hyper Poetry: Dynamic poems using links and hypertext responding to reader choices.
    • Blackout Poetry: Discovering new meaning in pre-existing texts through highlighting and removal.
    • Spoken Word Poetry: Performed live, often open mic style, emphasizing delivery, language, and approach to address societal issues.
    • Reverse Poem: Using conflicting notions, arranged top-to-bottom and bottom-to-top to offer contrasting meanings.
    • Poetic License: The creative freedom of the poet.
    • Wordplay: Including puns, homophones, palindromes (words/phrases reversing to yield the same word/phrase).

    Prose Forms

    • Novels: Written in prose, encompass various subgenres, and typically contain chapters.

    Other Forms

    • Graphic Novels: Narratives presented as a series of panels, including images, sound effects, word balloons, and comics; encompassing manga and webtoons.
    • Illustrated Novels: Story told predominantly with images, with or without text.
    • Doodle Fiction: Incorporations of doodles or hand-drawn graphics.
    • Text-Talk Novel: Stories entirely in dialogue simulating social networking conversations.

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    Description

    Explore the evolution of Philippine literature from the pre-colonial period through Spanish colonization and into the period of enlightenment. This quiz covers significant works, cultural influences, and key figures that shaped Filipino literary heritage. Test your knowledge on the important themes and texts that reflect the Filipino identity.

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