Philippine Literature Survey

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of love songs (harana) in Filipino culture?

To express human emotions and capture hearts (correct)

To provide commentary on political issues

To commemorate the deceased

To entertain large crowds in festivals

What is a key feature of the propaganda movement in the Philippines?

Celebration of religious rituals

Advocating for agricultural reforms

Exposing abuses of Spanish colonization (correct)

Promotion of indigenous folk tales

Which literary form describes lengthy narratives about heroes and their adventures?

Myths

Legends

Epics (correct)

Fables

Which of the following is not a category of Filipino folk literature mentioned?

Poems Signup and view all the answers

What type of songs are used during rituals such as exorcisms or harvest thanksgivings?

Religious songs Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the content of legends?

Stories about deities and nature with moral lessons Signup and view all the answers

Who is NOT recognized as a key figure of the propaganda movement?

Andres Bonifacio Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary theme of fables in Filipino literature?

Animal behavior teaching moral lessons Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic feature of Tigisik poetry?

Consists of seven syllables per line Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes the purpose of riddles (Bugtong)?

Figurative statements needing deeper answers Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes proverbs (Salawikain)?

They emphasize experience and wisdom Signup and view all the answers

Which work is known as the first printed book in the Philippines?

Doctrina Christiana Signup and view all the answers

What is the main theme expressed in folk songs?

Daily life and aspirations of Filipinos Signup and view all the answers

What type of performance is Cenaculo?

A staged re-enactment of Christ’s passion and death Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of lullabies (Hele) in Filipino culture?

To soothe babies to sleep Signup and view all the answers

What does the play Salubong depict?

The meeting of the risen Christ and His mother Signup and view all the answers

What is the structure of a haiku poem?

5-7-5 syllables Signup and view all the answers

What themes did Filipino poetry during the Third Republic commonly address?

Grief, poverty, and aspirations for freedom Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best characterizes the tanaga form of poetry?

Four lines of seven syllables each Signup and view all the answers

What significant changes in culture emerged after the Post-EDSA 1 Revolution?

New songs, newspapers, and television programs Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'karaniwang anyo' refer to in Philippine literature?

The usual form and structure of poetry Signup and view all the answers

How does formalism interpret literature?

As an independent work of art Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following newspapers played an important role during the Post-EDSA 1 Revolution?

Inquirer Signup and view all the answers

What do 21st-century learners need to be inclined towards in terms of writing?

ICT inclined writing competition Signup and view all the answers

What is the common theme of the poem 'Dasalan at Tocsohan' by Del Pilar?

Japanese brutalities Signup and view all the answers

Who is known as the 'Comma Poet' in Filipino literature?

Jose Garcia Villa Signup and view all the answers

What period did Philippine literature in English experience a dark phase?

American Period Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary cause of youth activism in the Philippines from 1970 to 1972?

Domestic and worldwide causes Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a work of Jose Garcia Villa?

Fray Botod Signup and view all the answers

What major literary event occurred during the 'Period of Activism' in the Philippines?

Bloody demonstrations and sidewalk expressions Signup and view all the answers

What thematic focus did the works recognized by the Carlos Palanca Awards generally have?

Patience and regard for native culture Signup and view all the answers

What literary feature is Jose Garcia Villa most recognized for in his work?

Innovative punctuation, especially commas Signup and view all the answers

What should be identified to understand the characters in a narrative?

The narrator and their traits Signup and view all the answers

Which literary technique involves examining images, metaphors, and symbols?

Imagery Analysis Signup and view all the answers

How do formalist analysis and new criticism approach literary texts?

By focusing on the literary text itself Signup and view all the answers

What language style is reflected in Paolo Manalo's poem 'Coñotations'?

Colloquial and humorous Filipino-English Signup and view all the answers

Which step is NOT part of connotation analysis in poetry?

Assess the historical background of the poem Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of a poem's structure can support its themes and messages?

Rhythm and rhyme scheme Signup and view all the answers

What is a key feature of formalism in literary analysis?

Focusing solely on linguistic elements of the text Signup and view all the answers

Which element is essential for analyzing the significance of symbols within a text?

Recognizing how symbols relate to character traits Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Pre-Colonial Period

Tigisik is a traditional Bicolano quatrain with seven syllables per line, celebrating themes of nature and daily life.
Oral literature includes riddles (bugtong) for entertainment, proverbs (salawikain) highlighting wisdom from experience, and folk songs depicting daily life.
Folk tales encompass stories about nature, deities, morals, and heroes with subcategories like myths, legends, fables, and epics.

Spanish Period

The Doctrina Christiana is the first printed book in the Philippines, foundational for religious practice.
Urbana at Felisa by Modesto de Castro featured letters promoting societal good behavior.
Cenaculo, Salubong, and Panunuluyan represent dramatic plays, re-enacting key religious stories.
Literary forms like Zarzuela blend comedy and melodrama, reflecting human emotions and social issues.

Period of Enlightenment and the Propaganda Movement

The Propaganda Movement (1872-1896) highlighted abuses during Spanish colonization, driven by educated Filipinos (Ilustrados).
Key figures include Jose Rizal and Marcelo H. del Pilar, known for works such as Noli Me Tangere and Pag-ibig sa Tinubuang Lupa.

The New Filipino Literature

Literature in English saw a decline, while Tagalog literature regained prominence.
Common themes included Japanese brutality, poverty, and guerrilla exploits during the Japanese occupation.
Significant writers included Jose Garcia Villa, recognized for his innovative poetry techniques.

American Period

English became the dominant literary language under American influence, with themes often emulating American literature.
Key literary movements included highlighting social issues and convictions about patriotism.
Notable personalities like Jose Garcia Villa emerged as influential poets of this era.

Japanese Period and Post-EDSA 1 Revolution

Poetry forms like haiku and tanaga became prominent in the Japanese era, with workshops focusing on structure and rhyme.
Post-EDSA 1 Revolution, literature reflected cultural shifts, with increased media independence.

21st Century Period

Focus on ICT literacy and competition in writing styles defines 21st-century literature.
Literary analysis has shifted towards formalism, analyzing structure, tone, imagery, and narrative elements.

New Criticism and Formalist Analysis

Both frameworks prioritize the text itself over external contexts such as author biography or history.
Connotation analysis involves identifying significant details within a text for deeper understanding.

Key Features of Formalism

Emphasizes independence of literary works, engaging with textual elements like language and structure rather than authorial intent.
Analyzed poems reflect everyday language and humor, revealing a multicultural and multilingual Filipino experience.

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Description

Explore the rich tapestry of Philippine literature from the Pre-Colonial period to the Propaganda Movement. This quiz covers traditional forms like Tigisik and bugtong, the influence of the Spanish period, and important literary works that emerged during the period of Enlightenment. Test your knowledge of these key themes and authors that shaped Filipino culture.