Philippine Literature Quiz: Pre-Colonial Period

Which literary form involves wise statements typically given by parents?

What is the main function of riddles in pre-colonial literature?

What song, known as 'Hele,' is traditionally sung to babies?

What book, published in 1593, represents the first printed work in the Philippines?

Which of the following types of folk songs is used by young men to express love?

What represents the alphabet used in the Philippines after Spanish colonization?

Which of the following describes the genre of lyrics created by Ladino poets?

What type of folk song serves as a lamentation for the deceased?

What is the primary focus of the Pasyon?

Which of the following is a dramatization of the Pasyon?

What form of literature showcases Filipino chivalric tales meant for singing?

What literary form became popular during the Spanish period, characterized by precision and structure?

Who among the following is known as the most influential writer during the late 19th century?

What does the term 'secular' indicate in a literary context?

Which form of drama involves spoken dialogue along with songs and dances?

What role did the ilustrados play during the reformist movement in the 19th century?

Pre-Colonial Period (900-1500s)

Philippine literature originated during pre-colonial times as diverse ethnic cultures developed.
Key literary forms included riddles, proverbs, folk tales, and songs, reflecting the values and customs of different communities.
Riddles: Metaphorical questions used as a form of entertainment and wisdom to engage listeners.
Proverbs: Wise sayings often shared by elders, conveying important life lessons.
Folk tales: Comprising epics, myths, legends, and fables that encapsulate cultural narratives.
Folk Songs: Included lullabies (local term "Hele"), drinking songs (known as "Tagay"), love songs (referred to as "Harana"), songs of death, and religious songs.

Spanish Period

Spanish colonization introduced the Roman alphabet, replacing the earlier Albita script.
Doctrina Christiana: The first book printed in the Philippines in 1593, serving as a guide to Catholic practices.
Religious Literature: Derived from Ladino poets, incorporating both Spanish and Tagalog to educate Filipinos in the language.
Pasyon: A crucial form of religious poetry narrating the life and sufferings of Jesus Christ, traditionally sung during Lent.
Senakulo: A dramatization of the Pasyon highlighting the passion and death of Christ.
Secular Literature: Flourished alongside religious texts; marked by the rise of the ilustrados (educated middle class).
Awit: Colorful tales of chivalry intended for performance through singing.
Sarswela: Spanish musical plays incorporating spoken dialogue, songs, and dances.
Komedya: A traditional Filipino theatrical performance adapted from Spanish comedia, often spectacle-driven.

Enlightenment Period

The emergence of the ilustrados contributed to a new literary paradigm focused on secular themes.
José de la Cruz (Huseng Sisiw): Notable for his piece "O Caauaauang Buhay Co sa Iba".
Francisco “Balagtas” Baltazar: Known for "Labindalawang Sugat ng Puso," a significant work in literature.
The 19th century reformist movement marked a critical shift in literary expression, with writers confronting the realities of colonization.
José Rizal: A pivotal figure in Philippine literature, recognized for both poetry and prose that highlighted the struggles of the oppressed Filipinos.

Test your knowledge of the rich and diverse roots of Philippine literature during the pre-colonial period. This quiz covers early literary forms and cultural influences that shaped the archipelago's narratives and artistic expressions. Rediscover the gems of literature that continue to resonate today.