Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which literary form, common during the Japanese period, consists of seventeen syllables arranged in three lines?
Which literary form, common during the Japanese period, consists of seventeen syllables arranged in three lines?
- Haiku (correct)
- Tanaga
- Karaniwang Anyo
- Salawikain
What significant change in Philippine literature occurred during the American period?
What significant change in Philippine literature occurred during the American period?
- Exclusive use of religious prose and poetry.
- Suppression of English literature and the rise of Tagalog literature.
- The dominance of recreational plays exclusively in poetic form.
- Introduction of English as a medium of instruction and the rise of short stories, free verse, poetry, and essays in English. (correct)
Which literary period in Philippine history is often referred to as the 'Dark Period' due to the suppression of English literature?
Which literary period in Philippine history is often referred to as the 'Dark Period' due to the suppression of English literature?
- Spanish Period
- American Period
- Japanese Period (correct)
- Period of Enlightenment
During which period were literary works primarily transmitted through oral tradition?
During which period were literary works primarily transmitted through oral tradition?
Which of the following best describes the focus of fiction during the Rebirth of Freedom period (1946-1970)?
Which of the following best describes the focus of fiction during the Rebirth of Freedom period (1946-1970)?
Which of the following statements best characterizes Philippine literature during the Period of Activism (1970-1972)?
Which of the following statements best characterizes Philippine literature during the Period of Activism (1970-1972)?
Which event is considered to have significantly influenced the themes and styles of literary works during the Period of the New Society (1972-1980)?
Which event is considered to have significantly influenced the themes and styles of literary works during the Period of the New Society (1972-1980)?
Which of the following best describes a key characteristic of 21st-century Philippine literature?
Which of the following best describes a key characteristic of 21st-century Philippine literature?
What was a significant effect of the Post EDSA 1 Revolution (1986-1995) on Philippine media and arts?
What was a significant effect of the Post EDSA 1 Revolution (1986-1995) on Philippine media and arts?
What was the primary objective of the Propaganda Movement during the Period of Enlightenment (1872-1898)?
What was the primary objective of the Propaganda Movement during the Period of Enlightenment (1872-1898)?
Flashcards
Pre-Colonial Literature
Pre-Colonial Literature
Literature passed down orally through folktales, folksongs, riddles (bugtong), proverbs (salawikain), idiomatic expressions (sawikain), and sayings (kasabihan).
Spanish Period (1565-1898)
Spanish Period (1565-1898)
A period where religious and secular prose and poetry were introduced, and the Roman alphabet replaced Baybayin.
Propaganda Movement
Propaganda Movement
Literary movement spearheaded by intellectual middle class using writing to ignite patriotic spirit.
American Period (1898-1946)
American Period (1898-1946)
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Japanese Period (1941-1945)
Japanese Period (1941-1945)
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Rebirth of Freedom (1946-1970)
Rebirth of Freedom (1946-1970)
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Fiction Themes (1946-1970)
Fiction Themes (1946-1970)
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Period of Activism (1970-1972)
Period of Activism (1970-1972)
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Period of the New Society (1972-1980)
Period of the New Society (1972-1980)
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Period of the 3rd Republic
Period of the 3rd Republic
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Contemporary Period (1986-Present)
Contemporary Period (1986-Present)
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21st Century Period (2001-Present)
21st Century Period (2001-Present)
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Study Notes
- Philippine literature history spans from pre-colonial times to the contemporary period.
Pre-Colonial Period
- Literature was transmitted orally.
- Literary forms included folktales, folksongs, riddles (bugtong), proverbs (salawikain), sayings (sawikain, kasabihan).
Spanish Period (1565-1898)
- Religious and secular prose and poetry were introduced.
- The Roman alphabet replaced the pre-colonial Baybayin script.
- Christian Doctrine (Cristiana Doctrina) served as the foundation for religious practices.
- Recreational plays, often in poetic form, included Cenakulo, Panunuluyan, Salubong, and Zarzuela.
Period of Enlightenment (1872-1898)
- The Propaganda Movement was led by the intellectual middle class.
- Key figures such as Jose Rizal, Marcelo H. Del Pilar, Graciano Lopez-Jaena, Antonio Luna, Mariano Ponce, Jose Ma. Panganiban, and Pedro Paterno used writing to promote Filipino patriotism.
- Jose Rizal wrote "Noli Me Tangere," "El Filibusterismo," and "La Indolencia de los Filipinos."
- Marcelo H. Del Pilar's works include "Kaiingat Kayo (Be Careful)" and "Dasalan at Tocsohan (Prayers and Jokes)."
American Period (1898-1946)
- Western influence led to writing in English.
- English became the medium of instruction.
- Short stories, free verse poetry, and essays became popular.
- Jose Garcia Villa was known for his free verse poetry.
Japanese Period (1941-1945)
- This era is considered a "dark" period due to the suppression of English literature and the rise of Tagalog literature.
- Common themes in poems included faith, religion, art, nationalism, love of life and country, and life in the barrios.
- Poem forms included Haiku, Tanaga, and Karaniwang Anyo.
The Rebirth of Freedom (1946-1970)
- Characterized by a struggle of mind and spirit after emancipation and a desire for publication.
- Journalistic writing grew rapidly, especially after the Martial Law years.
- The Commission on Higher Education (CHED) mandated the teaching of Philippine Literature in tertiary education.
- Fiction focused on courageous deeds, sacrifices, and sufferings of Filipinos.
- Subjects and themes included religious faith, superstitions, fantasy, social issues, nationalism, morality, poverty, and politics.
Period of Activism (1970-1972)
- Youth sought reforms due to societal problems.
- Demands were made for governmental change.
Period of the New Society (1972-1980)
- Martial Law began in 1972, curtailing human rights and press freedom.
- The Carlos Palanca Awards for Literature became the country's highest literary honor.
Period of the 3rd Republic (01/02/1981)
- Martial law was lifted.
- Poems were romantic and revolutionary.
- Songs reflected grief, poverty, aspirations for freedom, love of God, country, and fellow humans.
Contemporary Period (1986-Present)
- Independence was regained after 20 years post EDSA 1 Revolution (1986-1995).
- People Power (Lakas ng Bayan) prevailed.
- New Filipino songs, newspapers, speeches, and TV programs underwent significant changes.
21st Century Period (2001-Present)
- Learners are tech-savvy (ICT-savvy).
- New codes and languages enhance literary works.
- Graphic novels, flash fiction, blogs/vlogs, spoken word poetry, and interactive fiction emerged.
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