Philippine Law and Territory Overview
16 Questions
3 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What type of corporation applies specifically to religious denominations?

  • Open Corporation
  • Lay Corporation
  • Corporation Sole (correct)
  • Close Corporation
  • Quasi contracts are obligations that arise from an actual contract.

    False (B)

    What is the primary obligation of a corporation in regard to taxes?

    To pay taxes

    An obligation to give is classified as a _____ obligation.

    <p>real</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the type of delay to its definition:

    <p>Mora Solvendi = Delay of the debtor to fulfill his obligation Mora Accipiendi = Delay of the creditor to accept the performance Compensatio Morae = Delay on the part of both parties</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a ground for liability?

    <p>Misunderstanding (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Condonation refers to the loss or disappearance of the object of an obligation.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two kinds of quasi contract mentioned in the content?

    <p>Solutio Indebiti and Quasi Delicts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes 'jus sanguinis'?

    <p>Citizenship acquired by blood relationship (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The judicial branch is responsible for executing or carrying out the law.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a search warrant?

    <p>A legal document that authorizes law enforcement to search for specific personal property.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A ______ corporation is incorporated under the Philippine laws.

    <p>domestic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which branch of government is responsible for promulgating laws?

    <p>Legislative Branch (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Naturalized citizens have acquired citizenship from birth.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following forms of business organizations with their definitions:

    <p>Sole Proprietorship = Owned by a single individual Partnership = Owned by two or more individuals Corporation = A legal entity separate from its owners Limited Liability Partnership = Partners have limited liabilities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under the classification of corporation according to stock, a _____ corporation does not issue stock.

    <p>non-stock</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Constitution

    The highest legal authority in a country, all other laws must conform to it.

    Treaty

    An agreement between two or more nations.

    Substantive Law

    Deals with defining and regulating rights and duties.

    Adjective Law

    Provides the methods for protecting and upholding rights.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Public Law

    Applies to the whole country or a specific group within it.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Private Law

    Focuses on specific individuals or things.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Citizenship

    Membership in a political community.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Natural Born Citizens

    Individuals who were born as citizens of the Philippines.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Close Corporation

    A type of corporation where the stock is not available for public purchase and is typically held by a small group of individuals or families.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Solutio Indebiti

    An obligation that arises when someone receives something without a valid legal basis, creating a duty to return it or compensate for its value.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Mora Solvendi

    This occurs when someone fails to perform an obligation on time, creating a legal liability for the delay. It happens when someone delays fulfilling their commitment.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Mora Accipiendi

    Occurs when the creditor wrongfully delays accepting the performance of an obligation, making them liable for any damages caused by the delay.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Compensatio Morae

    It arises when both parties in an obligation are at fault for delaying their respective obligations.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Eleemosynary Corporation

    A type of corporation that focuses on charitable activities rather than profit-making, like hospitals or shelters.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Corporation by Estoppel

    A type of corporation created when a group acts as if they are a corporation but lack formal legal recognition. They may be held liable as if they were a corporation.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Ecclesiastical Corporation

    A type of corporation established specifically for religious purposes, often associated with religious denominations or faith-based organizations.

    Signup and view all the flashcards

    Study Notes

    Philippine Territory Compositions

    • Philippines is an archipelago
    • Territories under Philippine sovereignty/jurisdiction include aerial (air), terrestrial (land), and fluvial (water) domains.

    Philippine Law

    • Constitution: Fundamental and supreme law, all other laws must conform.
    • Treaty: Agreement between two or more sovereign nations.
    • Jurisprudence: Final decisions of the Supreme Court.
    • Kinds of Law by Purpose:
      • Substantive law: Defines and regulates rights and duties.
      • Adjective law: Provides methods for aiding and protecting rights.
    • Public Law: Applies to the state or particular classes of people.
    • Private Law: Relates to specific persons or things.
    • Characteristics of Law:
      • Rule of human conduct, Just & obligatory, Promulgated by competent authority, Must be observed by all.
    • Branches of Government:
      • Legislative branch: Creates laws.
      • Executive branch: Implements laws.
      • Judicial branch: Interprets laws.
    • Legal Tools:
      • Search warrant: To find specific property.
      • Warrant of arrest: For apprehending a person.

    Forms of Business Organizations

    • Sole Proprietorship: One owner, simple to form.
    • Partnership: Two or more owners.
    • Corporation: Separate legal entity from owners.

    Types of Partnerships

    • General partnership
    • Limited partnership
    • Limited liability partnership
    • Characteristics: Nature of partnership, Delectio personae

    Advantages of Corporate Form of Business

    • Strong legal personality
    • Limited liability for investors
    • Free transferability of investments
    • Centralized management

    Classifications of Corporations

    • Domestic corporation: Incorporated under Philippine laws.
    • Foreign corporation: Incorporated outside the Philippines.

    Types of Corporations

    • Stock corporation: Issues shares of stock.
    • Non-stock corporation: Does not issue shares.

    Kinds of Corporations

    • De jure: Meets all legal requirements.
    • De facto: Does not meet all legal requirements.
    • Corporation sole: Religious denominations.
    • Close corporation: Stock not open for subscriptions.
    • Open corporation: Stock open for subscriptions.
    • Eleemosynary corporation: Charitable purposes.
    • Ecclesiastical corporation: Religious purposes.
    • Lay corporation: Any purpose other than religion.
    • Corporation by estoppel: Entities act as corporations even without it.

    Quasi Contracts

    • Solutio indebiti: When something is wrongly received.
    • Quasi delicts: Acts like crimes.

    Kinds of Obligations

    • Real obligations: Obligation to give.
    • Personal obligations: Obligation to do or not do.
    • Sources of obligations (article 1157):
      • Law
      • Contracts
      • Quasi-contracts
      • Acts or omissions punished by law
      • Quasi-delicts

    Modes of Extinguishing Obligations

    • Payment or performance
    • Loss of the thing due
    • Condonation or remission of debt
    • Confusion or merger of rights
    • Prescription,
    • Novation
    • Violence: Forcing a person to sign.
    • Intimidation: Threatening a person
    • Mistake: Commit error
    • Fraud: Inducing someone to do something they wouldn't do
    • Undue influence: Overpowering someone's mind

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Related Documents

    Description

    Explore the key concepts of Philippine law, including its fundamental principles, branches of government, and the types of law that govern the country. Additionally, understand the composition of Philippine territories, which encompasses aerial, terrestrial, and fluvial domains under sovereign jurisdiction.

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Browser