Philippine Indigenous Communities Quiz

The ability to adjust to changing conditions.

Actions taken to obtain food and support themselves, such as hunting, fishing, and foraging.

They possess a deep understanding of plants and animals in their environment, similar to naturalists.

They skillfully locate sources of food, water, and resources, demonstrating a high level of adaptability.

They actively learn and observe their surroundings, constantly expanding their knowledge.

Gathering food is a community effort, involving everyone regardless of age or gender.

The women play a crucial role in gathering food, contributing to the community's well-being.

They have a vast knowledge of plants and animals, often remembering the names and characteristics of hundreds of species.

A type of social organization common among indigenous groups in the Philippines, characterized by small, mobile bands with simple technology and similar social structures.

Indigenous groups including Aeta, Ati, Ayta, Ata, Batak, Baluga, Dumagat, and Mamanua. They are often called "Negritos" by lowlanders, referring to their dark skin and short stature.

The practice of moving from one location to another, usually based on seasonal changes, availability of resources, or other factors.

Temporary shelters built by Pisan groups, often close to foothills, riverbanks, or sheltered areas for protection and access to resources.

A specific location where a Pisan group settles for a period of time. Campsites typically have a distinct layout and are often used for social gatherings.

The construction of Pisan dwellings is basic and temporary, using readily available materials such as banana stalks and leaves. They are typically lean-to structures with no floors.

A central area within a campsite, often used for dancing and other social gatherings.

The way in which a society is organized and the relationships between individuals and groups within it.

The practice where a brother of a deceased man marries his brother's widow.

The practice where a sister of a deceased woman marries her sister's widower.

A social structure where kinship, age, experience, and residence determine leadership.

A strong sense of community and shared responsibility, where members work together for the benefit of the group.

The practice of sharing resources, especially food, among members of the group. This is crucial for survival in a Pisan community.

Leadership in the Pisan social organization is temporary, flexible, and based on skills and knowledge.

Status in Pisan society is based on personal achievement rather than inherited status, making it possible for anyone to gain respect.

A method of fishing where water is diverted from its course, drying the riverbed and making it easier to catch fish, shrimps, eels, and crabs.

Hunting is the primary economic activity for the Pisan people, with men mostly participating, though women and children assist.

A method of fishing using bows and arrows, where the fisherman waits at the riverbank or on a promontory, and shoots fish at the surface.

This method of fishing involves poisoning the water with the juice of poisonous plants, which stuns or kills fish.

The division of labor in Pisan society is not strictly defined, but men typically handle heavier tasks. Food gathering is a collaborative effort.

The Pisan people have a concept of property, but ownership is not strictly defined. They emphasize the right to use resources collectively.

They supplement their diet by using small patches of land cultivated with plants like cassava, camote, gabi, and yams.

Besides hunting and fishing, they forage for edible plants and gather shrimps, fish, and crabs from rivers and streams.

The way a community obtains food and resources from their environment, impacting their ownership and resource management practices.

A cultural practice where individuals or groups claim territory for resource extraction based on who arrives first.

A system of claiming ownership over resources like hunting grounds, where clear boundaries are established.

A flexible system of claiming resources where boundaries are less defined, often based on shared use or prior agreements.

A method of claiming ownership over beehives among the Pinatubo people, using specific signs like a slash on the tree and a stick pointing to the hive.

A social organization where individuals are connected through familial and kinship ties, regardless of their parent's side of the family.

A social unit that is central to camp life, where families work together for their livelihood and share resources.

The practice of seeking spouses from outside of one's own camp, promoting cooperation and exchange between communities.

Supernatural beings believed to be the first inhabitants and guardians of the environment, often residing in trees, rivers, and fields.

Rituals performed to appease the environment spirits before hunting, gathering, planting, or harvesting, seeking their permission and blessings.

The belief that environment spirits cause illnesses and only those chosen by them can cure them. A chosen healer among the Pinatubo people is called a "manganito."

Individuals believed to have direct communication with spirits, serving as religious leaders, healers, and ritual performers.

A practice of using tattoos, scarification, and tooth mutilation as forms of body decoration and cultural identity.

The act of cutting or modifying teeth, often seen as a symbol of beauty and maturity among Pinatubo people, signifying an individual's place within their culture.

The practice of cutting or scarring the skin for decorative purposes, often seen as a form of beautification.

A small, mobile band of people living in a particular area, characterized by close-knit social bonds and simple technology.