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Questions and Answers
What significant role did Cory Aquino hold in the Philippines?
Which event directly led to Cory Aquino's rise to the presidency?
What was one of the primary focuses of Cory Aquino's speech?
How did Cory Aquino acknowledge her time in America in her speech?
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What was included in the 1987 Constitution that Cory Aquino appreciated?
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What year was Philippine Independence Day proclaimed?
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Who was responsible for proclaiming Philippine Independence?
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What was the original holiday for Philippine Independence before it was changed?
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How much did the United States purchase the Philippines from Spain?
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What does the White Triangle in the Philippine flag signify?
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What does the Sun in the Philippine flag represent?
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Who contributed to the design of the Philippine flag alongside Marcela Agoncillo?
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What does the eight rays on the Philippine flag signify?
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What is a central theme of Philippine political cartoons during the American era?
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Which award did the book 'Philippine Cartoons: Political Caricature of the American Era' receive in 1986?
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What significant social issue is highlighted in the Philippine cartoons regarding the University of the Philippines?
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What aspect of labor is criticized in the political cartoons compiled by Alfred McCoy?
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Who conducted the extensive research for the collection of political cartoons?
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Which of the following best describes the artistic approach taken in the political cartoons of the American era?
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What did the 377 cartoons compiled in McCoy's book primarily document?
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What reality did the cartoons reveal about Filipino teachers compared to American teachers?
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Study Notes
Philippine Independence Day
- June 12th, 1898 marks the proclamation of Philippine Independence
- General Emilio Aguinaldo declared independence in Kawit, Cavite.
- The Act of the Declaration of Philippine Independence was written by Ambrosio Rianzares Bautista
- The flag had a white triangle representing the Katipunan, three stars symbolizing Luzon, Panay, and Mindanao, and eight rays representing eight provinces that declared war against Spain.
- The colors of the flag, blue, red and white, were inspired by the United States flag.
- The flag was made in Hong Kong by Marcela Agoncillo with assistance from Lorenza Agoncillo and Delfina Herboza.
Alfred W. McCoy
- Alfred W. McCoy is an American educator and historian.
- He is the Director of the Center of South East Asian Studies at the University of Wisconsin-Madison.
- He wrote the book "Philippine Cartoons: Political Caricature of the American Era (1900-1941)" which was awarded various accolades.
Philippine Cartoons: Political Caricature of the American Era
- Cartoons in the American era served as political and social commentary.
- Art form that utilizes exaggeration of human features for comedic effect.
- The cartoons in McCoy’s book highlight national attitudes toward the American era.
Historical Background - Philippine Cartoons
- The cartoons in McCoy's book demonstrate the evolution of Philippine culture, society, and politics during the transition from Spanish Colonial to American rule.
- The cartoons satirized societal changes such as the rise of co-education, the stark disparity between American and Filipino wages, and the dangers of colorum vehicles.
Cory Aquino
- Corazon Aquino, also known as Maria Corazon Sumulong Cojuangco-Aquino, was the 11th president of the Philippines and the first female president in the Philippines and Asia.
- She was born on January 25, 1933 in Tarlac, Philippines.
- She is often referred to as the "Mother of Democracy."
- Her husband, Benigno Aquino Jr., was assassinated in 1983.
Historical Context - Cory Aquino
- There was tension between Ferdinand Marcos, the then president, and Benigno Aquino Jr., a senator.
- Marcos accused Aquino of being a communist.
- During Marcos’s regime, martial law was declared and Benigno Aquino was arrested.
- The Aquino family sought refuge in America for three years.
SNAP Election and EDSA People Power Revolution
- In February 1986, Corazon Aquino was convinced to run against Marcos in the snap election.
- The election results were rigged in Marcos’s favor, but the people protested against the corrupt and authoritarian government.
- The EDSA People Power Revolution resulted in Cory Aquino’s ascension to the presidency. It also brought international attention to the Philippines for peacefully overthrowing a dictator.
Cory Aquino's Speech
- Cory Aquino's speech to the US Congress focused on restoring democracy in the Philippines, addressing the damages caused by Marcos’s regime, and thanking America for its support in the drafting of the 1987 Constitution.
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Description
Test your knowledge about the Philippine Independence Day and the influential work of historian Alfred W. McCoy. This quiz explores the historic declaration in 1898, the symbolism of the national flag, and the significance of political cartoons during the American era. Challenge yourself and learn more about this important chapter in Philippine history!
