Philippine Independence and Aguinaldo's Junta
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Questions and Answers

What was the main goal of Aguinaldo and his group while in exile?

  • To maintain ties with Spain
  • To colonize new territories
  • To plan for Philippine independence (correct)
  • To negotiate with the USA

    • The USA's initial focus was on the Philippines before shifting to Cuba.

    False (B)

    What incident led to the USA declaring war on Spain?

    The explosion of the USS Maine

    The group established by Aguinaldo in Hong Kong was initially known as the ______.

    <p>Hong Kong Junta</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which event fueled the USA's tensions with Spain prior to the war?

    <p>The sinking of the USS Maine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following terms with their descriptions:

    <p>USS Maine = An incident that led to war Aguinaldo = Leader of the Philippine revolution Hong Kong Junta = Exiled revolutionary government April 21, 1898 = Date USA declared war on Spain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Discontent within the revolutionary group in exile resulted in changes in membership.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one reason historians question the USA's involvement in the Philippines?

    <p>The initial conflict was centered on Cuba, not the Philippines.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role did the Hong Kong Junta play in the conflict with Spain?

    <p>They focused on diplomacy and propaganda. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Aguinaldo believed that the leaders he left behind were completely loyal to him.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the immediate cause cited by the American government for their conflict with Spain?

    <p>Support for Cuba's struggle against Spanish rule.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Pact of _____-na-Bato marked a significant silence in the Philippine revolution.

    <p>Biak</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a significant factor that caused dissatisfaction among the leaders left behind by Aguinaldo?

    <p>Frustration over financial resources. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The USA's conflict with Spain was primarily about the Philippines.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following individuals with their actions during the revolution:

    <p>Emilio Aguinaldo = Overestimated loyalty of leaders Isabelo Artacho = Led rebels of Biak-na-Bato USA = First overseas war Biak-na-Bato = Caused silence in the revolution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The USA utilized advanced _____ ships during the conflict, enhancing their naval superiority.

    <p>steel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the outcome of Aguinaldo's meeting with Mr. Spenser Pratt?

    <p>Pratt agreed to assist Aguinaldo. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Aguinaldo was granted control over the remaining funds for his living expenses.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the initial action of the Hong Kong Junta?

    <p>To reinstate their leadership position and commit to armed struggle against Spain.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Biak-na-Bato agreement was rejected by the ______.

    <p>exiles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who introduced Aguinaldo to the American Consul General?

    <p>Mr. Bray (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The provisional government formed at Biak-na-Bato successfully remained in power.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was discussed during Aguinaldo's conversation with Mr. Spenser Pratt?

    <p>The status of the Philippines under Spanish rule.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following events with their outcomes:

    <p>Aguinaldo meeting with Pratt = Assistance agreed upon Rejection of Biak-na-Bato agreement = Increased commitment to armed struggle Spanish rule in the Philippines = Transition to American control Telegram to Commodore Dewey = Preparation for US occupation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the reason for Aguinaldo calling a meeting at Green Mount House in Hong Kong?

    <p>To relay a message from Colonel Miguel Primo de Rivera (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Spain intended to make the third payment outlined in the Biak-na-Bato Pact regardless of the situation in the Philippines.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who did Aguinaldo meet with in Singapore?

    <p>Mr. Howard W. Bray</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The meeting at Green Mount House was attended by Aguinaldo and several exiles, including Colonel Gregorio del __________.

    <p>Pilar</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following individuals with their relevance to Aguinaldo's efforts:

    <p>Aguinaldo = Leader of the Filipino revolutionaries Artacho = Secretary of interior and director of commerce Colonel Gregorio del Pilar = Military leader supporting Aguinaldo Howard W. Bray = Exile consulted about the situation in the Philippines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the outcome of the letter from Spain regarding the pact?

    <p>It crushed the hopes of the exiles to return (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The exiles thought that Spaniards and Artacho's group were acting in good faith.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Aguinaldo express regarding the potential war between America and Spain?

    <p>They would support and cooperate with the U.S.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the main outcome of the Battle of Manila Bay?

    <p>A decisive American victory (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    American casualties in the Battle of Manila Bay were greater than 10.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was in command of the American Asiatic Squadron during the Battle of Manila Bay?

    <p>Commodore George Dewey</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The command to open fire during the battle was given by Commodore Dewey aboard his flagship, ______.

    <p>Olympia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following events to their descriptions:

    <p>Surrender of Spanish Fleet = By early afternoon after the battle Command given to fire = 5:40 AM on May 1, 1898 Pause in battle = After the destruction of the Spanish fleet Resumption of fighting = Later that morning after the pause</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the state of the Spanish fleet at the time of the battle?

    <p>Outdated and consisting of wooden warships (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The American Asiatic Squadron was stationed near Cuba during the battle.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was the assistant secretary of the Navy who selected Dewey to command the Asiatic Squadron?

    <p>Theodore Roosevelt</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Aguinaldo's Claim to Independence

    • The Hong Kong Junta, a group of exiled Filipino revolutionaries, was established in Hong Kong under the leadership of Emilio Aguinaldo.
    • The Junta's primary goal was to achieve Philippine independence from Spanish control.
    • Disagreement arose among the revolutionaries, which led to changes in the membership of the group.
    • The Biak-na-Bato Pact, signed in December 1897, resulted in the exile of several key revolutionaries, including Aguinaldo.
    • Spain violated the Biak-na-Bato Pact, leading to its cancellation in April 1898.
    • The Junta was instrumental in achieving Philippine independence, primarily through diplomacy and propaganda rather than armed conflict.

    The US's Role in the Philippines

    • The USS Maine Incident in Havana Harbor played a crucial role in the US's entry into the war with Spain.
    • The US declared war on Spain on April 21, 1898.
    • The US **supported Cuban independence **from Spain, marking the first overseas war.
    • The US naval victory in the Battle of Manila Bay was crucial in shifting the focus of the war from Cuba to the Philippines.

    The Battle of Manila Bay

    • The Battle of Manila Bay was a decisive victory for the US Navy, led by Commodore George Dewey.
    • The battle saw the destruction of the entire Spanish Armada, with very few US casualties.
    • Dewey's forces outmaneuvered the Spanish fleet and sank all but one of their ships.
    • The victory paved the way for the US occupation of Manila and the eventual transfer of the Philippines from Spanish to American Control.
    • The battle was fought on May 1, 1898.
    • The US fleet comprised modern ships, while the Spanish fleet consisted of outdated wooden warships.
    • The victory was partially attributed to the efforts of Theodore Roosevelt, who played a significant role in selecting Dewey to command the US warships.

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    Description

    Explore the historical significance of Aguinaldo's claim to Philippine independence and the role of the Hong Kong Junta. This quiz covers key events such as the Biak-na-Bato Pact and the US's involvement in the Spanish-American War, deepening your understanding of Philippine history.

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